I-Bureaucracy yindlela yokulawula urhulumente apho amandla ahlulwa phakathi kwamasebe kunye namagosa ahlukeneyo. Umbono kukwenza urhulumente asebenze ngakumbi ngokuthi isebe ngalinye ligxile kumsebenzi othile. Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni, i-bureaucracy inokubangela ukulibaziseka kunye namaphepha ongezelelweyo kuba amagosa amaninzi kufuneka enze izigqibo. Omnye wemizekelo ye-bureaucracy ngurhulumente wase-US, onamasebe amaninzi kunye nee-arhente, nganye iphethe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Omnye umzekelo yiZizwe Ezimanyeneyo, eziye zanenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokusekwa kwamalungu neekomiti ezahlukeneyo.
Injongo ye-bureaucracy kukusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kukholisa ukukhokelela ekuthathweni kwezigqibo okucothayo ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwamagosa amaninzi. Ngaphandle kweenjongo zobungcali, inkqubo inokukhokelela kwi-red tape kunye nemiqobo yolawulo. Ngokwenyani, ngeli lixa i-bureaucracy ijolise ekufezekiseni ulawulo, ukuphunyezwa kwayo okubonakalayo ngamanye amaxesha kudala imingeni ekwenzeni izinto zenziwe ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu zeBureferensi
Kwithiyori ye-Weber's bureaucracy, i-bureaucracy ineempawu ezininzi eziphambili.
- Okokuqala, inolwakhiwo loluhlu, okuthetha ukuba kukho ikhonkco elicacileyo lomyalelo kwinqanaba ngalinye linoxanduva oluthile.
- Okwesibini, kukho ulwahlulo lwabasebenzi, apho umsebenzi usasazwa phakathi kwamasebe namagosa ahlukeneyo, kuqinisekiswa ukuba umntu ngamnye ugxile kwindawo ethile.
- Okwesithathu, kukho imithetho nemimiselo ebhaliweyo, enika izikhokelo ezicacileyo ekufuneka zithotyelwe.
- Okokugqibela, ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ngokusesikweni ngumba obalulekileyo, apho izigqibo zithathwa ngokulandela iinkqubo ezimiselweyo, zishiya indawo encinci yokuzikhethela.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nezingeloncedo kwi-Bureaucracy
Kwi-bureaucracy efanelekileyo, imithetho icacile, isengqiqweni, kwaye ayiphenjelelwa bubudlelwane bomntu okanye ezopolitiko. Nangona kunjalo, abalawuli behlabathi bokwenyani bahlala besilela koku, okukhokelela kuzo zombini iziphumo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga.
eziluncedo:
I-Bureaucracy inesakhiwo esicacileyo, eqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ichazwe kakuhle. Olu cwangciso loluhlu lwemigangatho lwenza ulongamelo olusebenzayo, luvumela ukusonjululwa kwengxaki ngokukhawuleza.
Ubume obungenabuntu be-bureaucracy, nangona bugxekwa, buqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okungaguqukiyo kwemithetho, ukuthintela ukukhetha okusekelwe kunxibelelwano lomntu. Abaphathiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo abafundileyo, bafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ukuze benze imisebenzi ngokungaguqukiyo nangentembeko. Badlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemithetho ngokubonelela ngedatha ebalulekileyo kubenzi bomthetho abanyuliweyo.
Ilishwa:
Oorhulumente banokucotha ukuphendula kwaye baziqhelanise ngenxa yemithetho engqongqo. Ukungabikho bhetyebhetye kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwabasebenzi, okunokuthi kuchaphazele umgangatho wenkonzo. Ulwakhiwo lwe-hierarchical lungakhokelela kubangaphantsi okungadingekile, ukunciphisa imveliso.
Ngaphandle kolongamelo olufanelekileyo, abasemagunyeni banokusebenzisa igunya labo ukuze bafumane inzuzo, kuquka nokwamkela ukunyotywa. Iinkqubo zolawulo lolawulo, ezisoloko zigxekwa “njengezithintelo ezibomvu,” zinokutya ixesha kwaye zibe neendleko, zithintele unikezelo lweenkonzo olusebenzayo kuluntu.
Funda kwakhona: 39 Imizekelo yokuzimela
Imizekelo ye-Bureaucracy
1. Iiyunivesithi
Iidyunivesithi ngamaziko amakhulu anokuthi alawuleke kakhulu njengoko ekhula. Oku kuthetha ukuba banemithetho emininzi kunye neenkqubo ezintsonkothileyo. Ootitshala basoloko bekhalaza ngelithi bachitha ixesha elininzi kumaphepha nokulandela imithetho, endaweni yokufundisa. Ingxelo yeForbes ithi ootitshala bachitha ukuya kutsho kwi-15% yosuku lwabo kwimisebenzi yezolawulo.
Kwakhona, iiyunivesithi zisebenzisa imali eninzi ekubhengezeni ukutsala abafundi abaninzi, kunokuba bayichithe ekufundiseni. Kwale ngxelo yeForbes ithi kootitshala aba-5, kukho abasebenzi aba-2 bezolawulo. Kwaye, ngokumangalisayo, i-24% yayo yonke imali echithwa kwiiyunivesithi iya kulawulo, hayi ukufundisa. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yendlela iinkokeli ezilawula ngayo iyunivesiti. Ke, iyunivesithi ichitha ngaphezulu kumaphepha kunye nentengiso kunokufundisa okoqobo. Yingxaki abantu abaninzi kwilizwe lezemfundo abathetha ngayo.
2. Umbutho wamapolisa
Umkhosi wamapolisa ngomnye wemizekelo ye-bureaucracy kwihlabathi lonyanzeliso lomthetho. Amagosa asebupoliseni ahlala ezifumana ehamba ngemithetho nemigaqo entsonkothileyo, ekhokelela ekubhidekeni nasekudanile. Lo mngeni ubonakala ngakumbi xa kufikwa ekuqondeni nasekusebenziseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ngokomzekelo, eUnited Kingdom, amagosa asebupoliseni kufuneka azalise ifomu ende enamaphepha ali-10 ngalo lonke ixesha esebenzisa izigalo eluntwini. Nangona eli phepha lisenokubonakala linomthwalo, lisebenza injongo ebalulekileyo. Imikhosi yamapolisa zidinga inqanaba elithile le-bureaucracy ukuseka iitshekhi kunye nokulinganisa okunokuthintela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamandla ngokunyanzeliswa komthetho.
Ukuthathela ingqalelo into yokuba amapolisa kuphela kombutho wasekuhlaleni ovunyelweyo ukusebenzisa ubundlobongela njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wabo, kubalulekile ukuba kubekho iitshekhi kunye nokulinganisela okubanzi endaweni. La manyathelo abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphendulelwa nokuthintela nakuphi na ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwamandla angaqhelekanga asetyenziswa ngamapolisa.
3. URhulumente weNgingqi
Imisebenzi yoorhulumente basekhaya inika umzobo ocacileyo weenkqubo ze-bureaucratic ezisebenzayo. Xa ufuna ukufezekisa imisebenzi efana nokufumana imvume yokupaka okanye ukwakha indlu entsha, kufuneka uhambe ngeendlela ezininzi kwaye ugqibezele amaphepha ahlolwe ngurhulumente wasekhaya.
Qwalasela inkqubo yokwakha ishedi entsha kwipropati yakho. Urhulumente wasekhaya wenza uhlolo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthuthwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo, ahlole umgangatho wezinto zokwakha, ajonge ukuba uyathotyelwa na ngombane, aze aqinisekise enoba ulwakhiwo lusemhlabeni wemveli obuthathaka ngokwendalo kusini na. Phezu kwawo nje la manyathelo okhuseleko, ukufumana imvume efunekayo kunokudanisa, kudla ngokubandakanya ixesha elide lokulinda.
Ukongeza, urhulumente wasekhaya unikwe uxanduva lokunyanzelisa imithetho enxulumene nokucandwa komhlaba, indawo yokupaka, ukuzulazula, kunye neminye imiba. Nangona ezi nkqubo zisenokubonakala zintsonkothile, zinceda ukugcina ucwangco nokugcina imilinganiselo phakathi koluntu. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda kunye nokujonga iinkqubo zorhulumente wasekhaya kubalulekile xa usenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo phakathi koluntu.
Funda kwakhona: 6 Ageism imizekelo
4. Amajoni
Imikhosi iphakathi kwawona magunya amakhulu ehlabathi, kunye noMkhosi weNkululeko yaBantu baseTshayina ungowesibini ngobukhulu emva korhulumente wase-United States, uqhayisa ngabasebenzi abazizigidi ezi-2.3. Umkhosi usebenza njengomzekelo obalaseleyo we-bureaucracy ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo okuphezulu, ukulawulwa, kunye nobume beqela.
Kumkhosi wase-United States, ulawulo olucacileyo lukhona kunye namanqanaba ahlukeneyo abasebenzi ababhalisiweyo, amagosa kunye neenjengele. Inqanaba ngalinye lihambelana nemithetho nemigaqo yalo. Ngokucacileyo, ukunyuselwa emkhosini kuhlala kulandela inkqubo yezikhundla eziphezulu kunye ne-tenure kunokuba kusekwe kwimfaneleko. Ngelishwa, le ndlela inokukhokelela ekumeni kunye nokungabikho kokucinga okutsha.
Ngokubanzi, imikhosi isebenza njengeenkqubo ezinkulu ze-bureaucratic, eziphawulwa ngoluhlu lwazo olucwangcisiweyo kunye nokuthobela imimiselo. Inkqubo yokukhuthaza, exhomekeke kubukhulu ngaphezu kokufaneleka, ibeka imingeni ekukhuthazeni ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha kule mibutho.
5. Ulawulo loKhuseleko lweNtlalo
The Ulawulo loKhuselo loLuntu (SSA) liqela elikhulu likarhulumente e-United States kwaye ngomnye wemizekelo yoburhulumente. Ilawula iinkqubo ezifana nomhlalaphantsi, ukukhubazeka, kunye neenzuzo zamaxhoba. I-SSA isebenza njenge-bureaucracy kuba inkulu kakhulu kwaye inemithetho emininzi ekufuneka ilandelwe.
Ngezibonelelo zokukhubazeka ezivela kwi-SSA, kufuneka ubanike amaphepha. La maphepha abonisa ubungqina bakho bokukhubazeka, imbali yomsebenzi, kunye neerekhodi zonyango. Ukufumana imvume yezibonelelo kunzima, kwaye kuthatha ixesha elide.
Ke, i-SSA ngumzekelo omhle wendlela imibutho emikhulu enemithetho emininzi inokucotha ngayo. Ukuba ufuna izibonelelo zokukhubazeka, kufuneka ube nomonde kuba kuthatha ixesha ukuya kwinkqubo yokuvunywa.
6. Ukufumana iLayisensi yokuqhuba
Ukufumana ilayisensi yokuqhuba kubandakanya ukujongana ne-bureaucracy, oku kuthetha ukulandela inkqubo ethile yokufumana iphepha-mvume. Akulula njengokungena nje uyicele. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka udlule kumanyathelo ahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-bureaucratic, efana nokufumana imvume kumvavanyi wokuqhuba kunye nesebe leentlawulo. Le nkqubo inokuthatha ixesha kwaye ibandakanya ukujongana nomsebenzi wamaphepha.
Ukufumana ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba, kufuneka uhambelane nemigaqo ebekwe yinkqubo ye-bureaucratic. Oku kuquka ukuphumelela uvavanyo lokuqhuba nokwenza iintlawulo eziyimfuneko. Asiyonkqubo ekhawulezileyo; kunoko, kufuna umonde nokuthotyelwa kweenkqubo ezimiselweyo. Ngokubanzi, ukufumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba ngumzekelo wokuhamba nge-bureaucracy, apho amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kunye nokuvunywa kubandakanyeka, okwenza kube yinkqubo ehleliweyo kunye nokulawulwa.
7. IiNtlawulo ze-Inshurensi yezeMpilo
Ukuba ne-inshurensi yezempilo kuthetha ukujongana namaphepha amaninzi kunye nemithetho eyenza ibe ngomnye wemizekelo ye-bureaucracy. Xa ufuna inkampani yakho yeinshurensi ukuba ihlawule iindleko zonyango, kuya kufuneka ulandele amanyathelo athile afana nokufumana imvume kwangaphambili okanye ukuhamba kwinkqubo yamabango anzima. Inokucaphukisa ngokwenene, ngakumbi xa ungaziva kakuhle.
Iinkampani ze-inshorensi zihlala ziqhayisa malunga nendlela ekhawuleza ngayo ukuphatha amabango, ukuqonda ukuba abathengi bayacatshukiswa yiyo yonke inkqubo. Ingqwalasela apha ikumahluko phakathi kobungxowankulu bongxowankulu, njengaleyo ikwinkqubo ye-inshorensi yezempilo, kunye ne-socialist bureaucracy, ebonisa ukuba inkqubo yongxowankulu ithande ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
Ngamagama alula, ukuba uyagula kwaye ufuna i-inshurensi yakho yezempilo ukuhlawula into ethile, ingaba yingxaki encinci ngenxa yayo yonke imigaqo kunye namanyathelo omele uwalandele. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-bureaucracy yongxowankulu, yindlela inkqubo ye-inshorensi yezempilo esebenza ngayo, isoloko ibonwa ingasebenzi kakuhle xa ithelekiswa nenkqubo yobusoshiyali.
8. Ukufumana iPaspoti
Xa ufuna ukufumana incwadana yokundwendwela, kufuneka uhambe kwinkqubo ye-bureaucratic. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze izinto ezimbalwa ukuze kwenzeke. Okokuqala, kufuneka ugcwalise ezinye iifom. Emva koko, uthumela ezi fomu kwisebe elifanelekileyo. Emva koko, kufuneka ube nomonde kwaye ulinde ukuba baqhubele phambili isicelo sakho. Ukungqina ukuba unguye ngenene lo mntu ubanga ukuba unguye, kungafuneka ukuba ubanike amaxwebhu athile.
Yonke le nto yokupasa ayenzeki ngokukhawuleza. Kungathatha iiveki, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha neenyanga. Ngoko ke, ukuba ucinga ngokuhamba kwaye ufuna ipasipoti, yinto efanelekileyo ukuqala ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili. Ngaloo ndlela, awuyi kuba nokungxama, kwaye yonke into iya kuhamba kakuhle.
9. Ukuthenga ikhaya lakho
Xa uthatha isigqibo sokuthenga indlu, kukho amanyathelo omele uwalandele, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuthatha ixesha elithile ngenxa yemithetho yonke kunye namaphepha, kwaye oku kwenza kube yimizekelo ye-bureaucracy. Okokuqala, kufuneka ucele imvume yebhanki, kodwa kufuneka balandele imithetho karhulumente. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ubabonise iqela lamaphepha afana nobungqina bemali oyenzayo kwaye ungubani.
Kwakhona, urhulumente wasekhaya unokukucela ukuba ujongane namanyathelo ongezelelweyo, njengokufumana iimvume ezikhethekileyo phambi kokuba uqalise ukwakha. Le nkqubo inokucotha kwaye isenokuziva ngathi idlula kwiteyiphu ebomvu. Kubalulekile ukuba nomonde kwaye uqinisekise ukuba unayo yonke into ngolungelelwano ukuze uqhubele phambili ngokutyibilikayo ngokuthenga nokwakha ikhaya lakho elitsha.
Funda kwakhona: Imizekeliso emi-6 yeNtsebenziswano yeNtlalo
10. Inkqubo yePosi
Isixokelelwano seposi sinokuba nenkohliso ukuyiqonda kuba inamanqanaba amaninzi, ngalinye linemithetho yalo. Oku kuyenza ibe ngomnye wemizekelo ye-bureaucracy, okuthetha ukuba kubandakanya iinkqubo ezininzi ezisemthethweni. Ezi nkqubo zinokucotha ukuhanjiswa kweeleta zakho. Imeyile yakho kufuneka idlule kumaziko ahlukeneyo okusebenza, kwaye kwinqanaba ngalinye, kukho imigaqo ethatha isigqibo sokuba i-imeyile ingaqhubela phambili.
Xa uthumela ileta, zikho nezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Kusenokufuneka uhlawule iirhafu okanye imirhumo yomda, eyimali yokuthumela iposi ngapha kwemida. Abasemagunyeni baphinde bajonge i-imeyile yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilandela imigaqo malunga nobunzima kunye noko kunokuthunyelwa. Kukho izinto ezithile ezivumelekileyo ukuba zithunyelwe, kwaye ezinye izinto azivumelekanga.
Ngenxa yayo yonke le migaqo kunye namanyathelo, inkqubo yeposi isenokungasoloko ikhawuleza ngendlela esifuna ngayo. Kufana ne-maze ekufuneka iileta zakho zihambe ngayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba zifike apho ziya khona. Ngoko ke, xa uthumela i-imeyile, kubalulekile ukuba ube nomonde kwaye uqonde ukuba kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilandela izikhokelo ezifanelekileyo.
11. IZizwe eziManyeneyo
IZizwe eziManyeneyo (UN) ngumbutho wehlabathi owasekwa ngo-1945 emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II kwaye ngomnye weyona mizekelo iqhelekileyo yolawulo lwe-bureaucracy. Iquka amazwe angamalungu avumileyo ukulandela imigaqo echazwe kulo mnqophiso. Eyona njongo yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo kukugcina uxolo ehlabathini lonke. Ukongezelela, ijolise ekukhuseleni amalungelo abantu, ukunika uncedo ngexesha leentlekele, kunye nokuxhasa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Cinga ngeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo njengenkqubo enkulu yolawulo enamacandelo amaninzi, njengeBhunga Lezokhuseleko, iNdibano yeZizwe eziManyeneyo neSebe likaNobhala. Isebenza njenge-bureaucracy, okuthetha ukuba inesakhiwo esinzima kunye nemithetho ethile ekufuneka ilandelwe.
Ukuqhuba i-UN kubiza imali eninzi. Nyaka ngamnye, ichitha ngaphezu kwe-3.12 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwaye iqeshe abantu abangaphezu kwama-40,000. Ngaphandle kweendleko, i-UN idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekujonganeni nemingeni yehlabathi kunye nokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi kwezizwe.
Shiya iMpendulo