Ngaba ukwisikolo samabanga aphantsi okanye kwisikolo esiphakathi kwaye awuyazi ukuba yintoni imfundo yasemva kwesidanga, nali inqaku elichaza igama, kwaye likwachaza neentlobo, ukufaneleka kunye nenkqubo yesicelo sokufunda kwinqanaba lesidanga.
Imfundo sisiseko soluntu oluqhuba kakuhle. Inika ixabiso nesikhokelo ukusuka kumanqanaba okuqala okufunda eklasini. Imfundo iphuhlisa izakhono netalente, iphucula ulwazi lwezakhono zonxibelelwano, kunye nokuqiqa.
Ukufumana imfundo kwasebusaneni kubalulekile ekuphuhliseni iiseti zezakhono eziguqukayo zibe ngumlinganiswa oqeqeshiweyo.
Ngokwe-Wikipedia, izigaba zemfundo zingamacandelwana emfundo esesikweni kwaye ibandakanya imfundo yabantwana abasaqalayo, imfundo yamabanga aphantsi, imfundo yamabanga aphakathi, kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo.
Imfundo enomsila iwela phantsi kwenqanaba lemfundo enomsila. Eli linqanaba umntu alifumanayo emva kokugqiba imfundo yesidanga. Izidanga zemfundo ezinikezelwa kweli nqanaba, ziquka isidanga semasters, isatifikethi sasemva kwesidanga, okanye idiploma, kunye nesidanga sobugqirha.
Yintoni Imfundo Yezidanga?
Imfundo yesidanga sayo nayiphi na imfundo ephakamileyo egqityezelwayo emva kwesidanga okanye idiploma. Oku kudla ngokuba yimfuneko yokuthatha inxaxheba kwikhosi yabathweswe isidanga. Luphuculo oluthelekiswa noko umfundi ebeza kukufunda, kwaye lithuba lokugxila kwindawo ethile.
Kwimeko ekhulayo yokhuphiswano lwabaphumelele ekholejini, isidanga sasemva kwesidanga sinokukuhlukanisa nabanye abafaki-zicelo abakumzamo ofanayo. imisebenzi.
EUnited States, kuthiwa “yimfundo yesidanga” yaye iya kuthathwa ngumfundi onesidanga.
Kungenjalo, abafundi banokuya kwisikolo sobugqirha, kwisikolo somthetho okanye kwisikolo seshishini ukuze bafunde ezi ndawo, emva koko kunikwe isatifikethi sokufumana isidanga sokuqala ngediploma okanye i-master's njengoko kunokuba njalo.
Iindidi zesiQinisekiso sesiDanga (isiqinisekiso kunye nesifundo)
Ngoku sihamba ngokuthe ngcembe kwinjongo ephambili yeli nqaku, elikwiintlobo ezinokwenzeka kunye / okanye amanqanaba emfundo yesidanga sokuqala, kunye nokufunda; ukusuka kwi-master's ukuya kwi-PhD, idiploma yasemva kwesidanga, i-non-degree, kunye namabhaso okuwonga.
Yintoni iSatifikethi seSidanga sokuqala kunye neDiploma?
IDiploma kunye nezatifikethi ziintlobo zesidanga sokuqala esinobuchwephesha obungaphezulu kwaye obulungiselelwe indawo ethile yobungcali.
Zikwamfutshane kwaye zingaphantsi kancinci kunedigri. Abafundi banokulindela ukufumana isatifikethi sokugqibela emva kweeveki ezili-15 kunye nediploma yokugqibela kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 (zombini ukuba bafunda ngokusisigxina).
Yintoni isidanga seMasters?
A isidanga semasters sisiqinisekiso esixhaphake kakhulu kwinqanaba lesidanga sokuqala kwaye sibizwa ngokuba sisidanga sase-United States.
Inokusekelwe kuphando, ikhosi esekelwe ekufundiseni, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini. Ngokubanzi, iikhosi ze-Master of Science (MSc) kunye ne-Master of Arts (MA) ziyafundiswa, ngelixa iiMasters ezisekelwe kuphando ziquka iFilosofi (MPhil).
Kodwa i-MSc inokuba yikhosi yophando). “MBA” ligama elisetyenziselwa ukufumana isidanga se-masters kuShishino.
Isidanga semasters sihlala sithatha unyaka omnye ukuya kwemi-1 ngokusisigxina. Ukuba yikhosi efundisiweyo, iyafana nesidanga sokuqala esibonelelwa ngeesemina, izifundo zokufundisa, kunye neentetho. Ekupheleni kwekhosi, ithisisi ye-master iyavavanywa.
Yintoni isidanga seLayisenisi?
Olu lolunye lweentlobo zezifundo zasemva kwesidanga, ekuthethwa ngazo ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kumazwe afana neSweden neFinland, kukho isiDanga seLayisenisi ephucukileyo kunesidanga semasters, kodwa singaphantsi kwesidanga sobugqirha.
Iikhredithi ezifunekayo zihambelana malunga nesiqingatha sekhredithi efunekayo kwi-doctorate. Iimfuno zomsebenzi wekhosi ziyafana nezobugqirha, kodwa umda wophando lokuqala olufunekayo awukho phezulu njengowobugqirha. Ngokomzekelo, oogqirha abakwicandelo lezonyango banikwe ilayisensi kunoogqirha.
E-United Kingdom nakumazwe afana ne-United States iinkqubo zayo zemfundo zisekelwe kumzekelo waseBritani.
EUnited States, isidanga se-master kudala sikuphela kwekhosi yabaphumeleleyo edla ngokunikezelwa, ngelixa kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu ngaphandle kwe-United Kingdom, isidanga se-master phantse sanyamalala.
Nangona kunjalo, kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane ye-19, iiyunivesithi zaseMelika zaqala ukulandela imodeli yaseYurophu ngokunikezela ngesidanga sobugqirha, kwaye olu qheliselo lwasasazeka kulo lonke elase-United Kingdom.
Kwelinye icala, uninzi lweeyunivesithi zaseYurophu ngoku zibonelela ngeenkosi ezifanayo okanye ezibambeleyo ukunika abafundi bazo amathuba angcono okukhuphisana kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe ebilawulwa yimodeli yaseMelika iminyaka. Ekupheleni kwesi sifundo, kunikezelwa isatifikethi se-postgraduate.
Yintoni isidanga sobuGqirha (PhD)?
Isidanga sobugqirha okanye iPhD sisidanga sophando esifundwa emva kokugqiba isidanga semasters. Isidanga sobugqirha sithatha iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweyesi-4 kwaye sisekwe kuphando olucokisekileyo lomfundi.
Ngokwahlukileyo kwisifundo sangaphambili, apho kukho umahluko ngakumbi phakathi koonjingalwazi kunye nabafundi, abafundi bobugqirha basebenza nomlawuli wabo wophando kuphando, nto leyo enxulumene noko isebe leli ziko sele ligxile kuyo.
Abafundi bePhD nabo bavumelekile ukuba basebenze njengabancedisi bokufundisa, apho bavunyelwa ukuba bafundise izifundo zesidanga sokuqala baze bamakishe imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabafundi abangekabinazidanga.
Yintoni isidanga seHonorary?
Iidyunivesiti ezininzi ziwonga izidanga zewonga, ubukhulu becala kwinqanaba lesidanga. La mawonga anikwa abantu abafana namagcisa, ababhali, iimvumi, abezopolitiko, oosomashishini, njl.njl. Ukuqaphela impumelelo yabo kwiinkalo zabo ezahlukeneyo. Abamkeli bezi zidanga abazisebenzisi izihloko ezinxulumeneyo okanye oonobumba abanje ngo “Gqr.”
Zifundiswa kwaye zivavanywa njani iiKhosi zesidanga sokuqala?
Njengoko sele sigxininisile, imfundo yasemva kwesidanga yakhiwe ngokwahlukileyo kunemfundo yabangekabinazidanga. Ewe, kukho ukufana okumbalwa phakathi kwezifundo zesidanga sokuqala kunye nezifundo zesidanga sokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, kugxilwe kubafundi ukuba bazimisele kwaye basebenze kuphando lwabo lokuqala. Le ngcamango ibethelelwa ngakumbi kukuba basebenza njengabancedisi bootitshala, bayaya kwaye bathethe kwiinkomfa kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba baqhagamshelane nabaphathi babo bezifundo.
Iikhosi ezifundisiweyo zesidanga sokuqala zinokuvavanywa ukongeza kwiinkcazo-ntetho zomlomo ngeemviwo kunye nethisisi. Nangona kunjalo, isiqinisekiso sokugqibela kunye nebakala labafundi bePhD ikakhulu limalunga nethisisi ende.
Ziziphi iikhrayitheriya zokuLungeka kwiSifundo seSidanga sokuqala?
Isidanga se-bachelor esivela kwikholeji evunyiweyo okanye eyunivesithi enewonga eliphezulu lodidi lwesibini luyafuneka ukuze umntu angene kwisikolo esiphumelele isidanga. Ungathatha ikhosi ye-pre-master ukuba awunazo izakhono eziyimfuneko kunye nolwazi.
Kusenokubakho nezifundo zoguqulo ukukunceda utshintshe indlela yakho yokufunda. Ukuba unesidanga saseyunivesithi, ubonisile ukuba uneempawu eziphambili zokufunda kwinqanaba elilandelayo. Ikhosi yokuguqula incedisana nolwazi olufunekayo ukufunda isifundo esitsha kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
- Ukuba isiNgesi asilolwimi lwakho lweenkobe, kufuneka uhlangabezane neemfuno zesiNgesi kwisifundo osenzayo isicelo.
- Nceda uqaphele ukuba ayiqhelekanga into yokuba iikhosi zabathweswe izidanga zibe neemfuneko eziphezulu zokwamkelwa kwesiNgesi kunezifundo zesidanga esifanayo kwiyunivesithi enye.
- Abanye abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe kunokufuneka bathathe iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezisemgangathweni ngokuxhomekeke kwisifundo abafuna ukufunda okanye apho bafuna ukufunda khona.
- Kusenokufuneka wenze udliwano-ndlebe nawe kwaye ubonise ukuba unayo imali yokuxhasa izifundo zakho phesheya ngokufaka isicelo kunye nokufumana i-visa yomfundi efanelekileyo.
Inkqubo yesicelo
Xa kuthelekiswa nezicelo zeenkqubo zesidanga sokuqala, imihla ebekiweyo yokufakwa kwezicelo zesidanga sokuqala, ukusuka kwi-master's ukuya kwi-PhD inokuba ngqongqo kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi. Bambalwa abafundi abafaka izicelo zokufunda emva kwesidanga.
Eminye imihla ebekiweyo ziinyanga ezimbalwa kuphela phambi kokuba ikhosi iqale. Nangona kunjalo, amaxesha okuqhubela phambili kwezicelo zabafundi abaphumeleleyo ngamanye amaxesha angathatha ixesha elide kunabafundi abakwinqanaba lesidanga, ke kuya kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide ukufumanisa ukuba isithembiso sakho samkelwe. Kufuneka uhlale uyiqinisekisa le mihla ibalulekileyo neziko ngokwalo (lo isenokuba ngumbuzo owubuza eyunivesithi).
Kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba ungenise isicelo sakho kwangoko ukuze ikhosi oyifakayo ingazaliswa kwaye isicelo sakho sifike kwangexesha phambi komhla wokugqibela.
isiphelo
Iindidi zezifundo zesidanga sokuqala zinokubandakanya ufundo lweziqinisekiso ezifana neediploma zesidanga sokuqala, iMasters (yemaster's), kunye nezatifiketi zesidanga sokuqala. Kwezinye iimeko zisetyenziswa njengamanyathelo okusingisa kwisidanga esiqhelekileyo, njengenxalenye yoqeqesho lomsebenzi othile, okanye njengesiqinisekiso kwinkalo yezifundo emxinwa kakhulu ukuba ithethelele ikhosi yesidanga esipheleleyo kwinqanaba lesidanga sokuqala.
Shiya iMpendulo