Usanda kufumana isidanga sakho se-bachelor kwinkalo yesayensi yemichiza okanye uneminyaka embalwa uphumile ekholejini. Uqala ukucinga malunga nokuza kulandela, kwaye ukhetho lunokuba lukhulu. Ngoko, uqala phi? Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngamanyathelo okukunceda ngokucwangcisa umsebenzi kwisayensi yemichiza.
Ukuvavanya uMdla kunye neZakhono zakho
Umvuzo ophakathi abaphumeleleyo kwi-chemistry umvuzo umalunga $ 110,000 ngonyaka. Iphezulu kunamanye amasimi amaninzi, iyenza ibe lukhetho olunengeniso kubafundi abanomdla. Nangona kunjalo, i-subdomains ezininzi ngaphakathi kwesayensi yemichiza zenza ukuba uvavanyo lomdla kunye nezakhono zakho zibalulekile.
Kuya kufuneka wazi ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi ekhoyo ukuvavanya umdla kunye nezakhono zakho. Olu luhlu lulandelayo luchaza iintlobo ngeentlobo zezakhono, izinto ezinomdla, kunye neenqobo ezisemgangathweni ezinokubaluleka kwikhondo ngalinye lomsebenzi:
- Izakhono zobuGcisa: Ezi ziquka ulwazi lwekhemistri okanye ezinye iinzululwazi kunye neprogram yekhompyutha okanye obunye ubuchule bobugcisa obunokusetyenziswa kwindawo yokusebenza. Ukuba umsebenzi ufuna ezi zakhono, kufuneka zigxininiswe kwi-resume yakho kunye ne-cover letter.
- Izakhono zokunxibelelana nabanye abantu: Ezi zizakhono zentlalo ezifana nonxibelelwano kunye nokulawula ixesha. Ezi zakhono zikuvumela ukuba usebenzisane nabanye ngokufanelekileyo emsebenzini okanye esikolweni.
- Izakhono zoMbutho: Ezi zibhekiselele ngokukodwa kwisakhono sombutho endaweni yesakhono sobunkokeli.
Ukuphonononga iindlela zomsebenzi
Kukho imisebenzi emininzi eyahlukeneyo kunye nezihloko zomsebenzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe, ngalinye lifuna izakhono kunye namava. Eminye imisebenzi ifuna isidanga se-bachelor; abanye bafuna isidanga okanye isatifikethi.
Nazi ezinye iindlela zekhondo onokuthi ukhethe kuzo ngexesha lakho lokucwangcisa umsebenzi kwisayensi yemichiza:
ImiSebenzi yezeMfundo
Imisebenzi yezemfundo iyanelisa kwaye inomvuzo. Umsebenzi wenzululwazi yezemfundo kukufundisa, ukwenza uphando, kunye nokusebenzela uluntu. Abafundi besayensi yemichiza abalandela imisebenzi yokufunda kufuneka balungelelanise ezi mfuno kunye nezinto abazithandayo kunye neenjongo zabo.
Iingcali zenzululwazi zinoxanduva lokufundisa kuwo onke amanqanaba. La manqanaba abandakanya iikhosi zentshayelelo zabangekabinazidanga, iisemina ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu labathweswe isidanga, kunye neenkqubo zoqeqesho ezikhethekileyo zasemva kobugqirha ezibonelelwa liziko labo.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba phantse i-30% yeekhemisti zisebenza kwiindawo zemfundo. Kodwa ukufumana umsebenzi kwintsimi yokufundisa, kufuneka uqaphele yonke into kwi-chemistry, ukusuka kwiifomyula ezisisiseko ukuya kwi-carbon-rich rich chemistry. Kungenxa yokuba kufuneka ufundise yonke into kubafundi.
Kusenokufuneka ukuba ufundise noqwalaselo lwe-electron yezinto kwiiklasi zamanqanaba entshayelelo. Ke ngoko, ukukhumbula iziseko kubalulekile kumsebenzi kweli candelo. Umfundi unokukubuza malunga ne i-electron config yobhedu.
Kule meko, akufanelekanga ukuphendula nje ukuba uqwalaselo luyi-1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10. Kufuneka kwakhona uncede abafundi baqonde indlela ozimisele ngayo ukucwangciswa kwe-electron yobhedu.
Ngokutsho kweProprep, kufuneka uqale ngokuchonga inombolo yeathomu. Okulandelayo, kufuneka ulandele i-Aufbau Principle, okuthetha ukuba i-orbitals yamandla aphantsi iya kuzaliswa kuqala. Isinyathelo sesithathu kukuqalisa ukuzalisa ii-orbitals. Kwaye okokugqibela, qwalasela ukuzinza kwe-electron. Ulwazi lwale miba luya kwenza abafundi bafumane uqwalaselo lwe-electron yayo nayiphi na into bebodwa.
Funda kwakhona: Eli-10 laMakhondo aPhezulu aThengiswayo eHlabathini
Imisebenzi yoShishino
Imisebenzi yemizi-mveliso ihlala izinzile kodwa ayinabhetyebhetye kangako kuneyabafundi. Bakwathanda ukuba nemivuzo ephezulu kunye namathuba amaninzi okuqhubela phambili. Ke, phantse i-36% yabafundi abaphumelele kwikhemistri ukusuka ngo-2022-23 bajoyine indawo yokusebenzela njengezazinzulu zemichiza, amagcisa aselabhoratri, kunye nabahlalutyi beshishini.
Ukuba unomdla wokusebenzela inkampani eyenza imichiza okanye ezinye iimveliso, qwalasela oku kulandelayo:
- Izakhono ezifunekayo: Uya kufuna izakhono zonxibelelwano eziqinileyo kunye nokuqonda ukuba inzululwazi ingasetyenziswa njani kwiingxaki zehlabathi lokwenyani.
- Iindidi zamashishini: Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso yeekhemikhali. Abanye bagxininisa kuphando kunye nophuhliso, ngelixa abanye besenza iimveliso ezifana namachiza okanye izitshabalalisi. Unokusebenza kwinkampani yezizwe ngezizwe okanye into encinci, njengokuqala.
- IiPros / cons: IiPros ziquka intlawulo engcono kunezithuba ezininzi zokungena. I-Cons ibandakanya ukuguquguquka okuphantsi kuba uya kuba usebenza kwindlela efanayo, eya kunceda inkampani yakho.
Amakhondo oPhando
Indawo yophando inokhuphiswano oluphezulu, kwaye kufuneka ulungele ukukhuphisana nabanye abafundi ngezikhundla. Ngethamsanqa, zininzi iindlela zokuzilungiselela le nkqubo.
Okokuqala nokuphambili, thatha izifundo eziya kukunceda ugqame. Ungathatha izifundo kwi-organic kunye ne-inorganic chemistry, i-chemistry yomzimba, i-spectroscopy, njl. Thetha neenjingalwazi zakho malunga nokuba zeziphi izakhono ezifanelekileyo kwiinjongo zakho ezinkulu kunye nomsebenzi ukuze ukwazi ukucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo.
Okwesibini, qwalasela i-internship okanye izikhundla zophando zasehlotyeni. La mathuba akunika amava axabisekileyo ngelixa uvumela ixesha lokuphumla phakathi kwesiqingatha sonyaka ukuze ungaphazamisi kakhulu umsebenzi wezifundo.
Uhlalutyo kunye neKhemistri yezoPhando
Ikhemistri yohlalutyo lucazululo lwezinto. I-chemistry ye-Forensic inceda kakhulu inkqubo yezomthetho ngokuchonga amabala egazi okanye ukumisela ukuba umzimba wabulawa kudala kangakanani.
Nangona kunjalo, imisebenzi yohlahlelo kunye neyophando lwasenkundleni inokufumaneka kumashishini amaninzi, kubandakanya imfundo, uphando kunye nophuhliso (R&D), ukuvelisa, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho. ECalifornia kuphela, phantse abantu 2,270 baqeshwe njengamaGcisa eNzululwazi yaseForensic. Ke, unokufumana lula umsebenzi kule ndawo ukuba unezakhono ezifanelekileyo.
Isidanga se-bachelor kwi-chemistry okanye kwi-biochemistry iya kunika isiseko esomeleleyo sezikhundla zokungena kwezi nkalo. Nangona kunjalo, ukhetho lwesikolo lwabaphumeleleyo luyafumaneka ukuba ufuna ukulandela iindima ezikumgangatho ophezulu kamva phantsi kwendlela yakho yomsebenzi.
Funda kwakhona: Is Amashishini aSisiseko yiNdlela eLungileyo yamaKhondo?
Ukuyila isicwangciso sakho somsebenzi
Nje ukuba uchonge izakhono kunye namava ekufuneka uwafumene, lixesha lokuba uqalise ukujonga imarike yomsebenzi. Ukuba injongo yakho yokugqibela kukusebenzela inkampani okanye umbutho othile, phanda iwebhusayithi yabo ngezikhundla ezikhoyo.
Usenokufuna ukuthetha nomntu osebenza kuloo ntlangano. Kuya kukunceda ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zemisebenzi ekhoyo kunye nendlela abantu abaqeshwa ngayo.
Nje ukuba uyazi ukuba yeyiphi imisebenzi ekhoyo, yenza uluhlu lwabaqeshi abanomsebenzi onomdla kuwe kwaye uqale ukuphanda ngabo ngakumbi:
- Benze ntoni?
- Zisebenza phi?
- Ngubani osebenza apho?
- Inkampani nganye inabasebenzi abangaphi?
- Ingakanani imali efunyanwa ngumntu ngamnye kwingeniso ngonyaka?
- Ngaba kukho naziphi na iindlela ezinokuchaphazela iimfuno zokuqesha kwixesha elizayo kweli shishini?
Ukujonga kukhangelo lomsebenzi
Ukukhangela umsebenzi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesicwangciso sakho somsebenzi. I-resume yakho kunye ne-cover letter zizinto zokuqala abaqeshi abaya kuzibona xa bejonga abafaki-zicelo. Ngenxa yoko, zimele zibhalwe kakuhle, zibe mfutshane yaye zibe nomtsalane.
Nanga amanye amacebiso okubhala ukuqalisa kwakhona:
- Yigcine ngokufutshane; iphepha elinye ukuba kuyenzeka, amaphepha amabini nokona. Ukuqhubeka ixesha elide kunokubonisa ubuvila okanye ukunqongophala kokugxila kwizinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kubaqeshi.
- Sebenzisa amanqaku embumbulu kunemihlathi xa uchaza amava akho kunye nezinto oziphumezileyo. Oku kwenza kube lula kubaphathi abaxakekileyo abaqeshiweyo ukuskena uninzi lokuphinda baqale ngaxeshanye kwaye bafumane abagqatswa abazilungeleyo iimfuno zabo.
- Qinisekisa ukuba akukho ziphoso zopelo okanye ii-typos. Awufuni ukubonakala ungakhathali nangayiphi na indlela ngexesha lale nkqubo.
isiphelo
Akukho ndlela ilingana-ilingana-yonke yokucwangciswa kwekhondo lomsebenzi kwisayensi yemichiza okanye nakweyiphi na enye indawo. Ungathatha eyakho indlela kunye nexesha lokucwangcisa umsebenzi wakho kwicandelo lesayensi yemichiza.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba kufuneka uqonde yonke inkqubo kwaye usebenze ngaphambi kokukhetha umsebenzi. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba unokunamathela emsebenzini wakho ixesha elide kwaye wakhe umsebenzi ovuzayo.
Iingcebiso:
- Iindidi zobuNjineli boMsebenzi/uMmandla, uMvuzo
- Izikolo ezili-10 eziPhezulu zoBunjineli beMichiza eHlabathini
- Izikolo ezili-10 eziPhezulu zoBunjineli beMichiza eHlabathini
- Ngaba iZibonelelo zoMbane ziseMbindini weNdlela eLungileyo yokuSebenza?
- Eli-10 leMisebenzi ye-Intanethi yaBafundi onokuthi uyijike ube nguMsebenzi osuka eKhaya
Shiya iMpendulo