Imibongo ye-Ottava rima yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-14 ngenxa yembongi yaseTaliyane uGiovanni Boccaccio. Udlale indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni olu hlobo lukhethekileyo lwemibongo ngemisebenzi yakhe enempembelelo. I-Ottava rima iqulathe izitanza ezenziwe ngemigca esibhozo, ekholisa ukuba ne-rhyme scheme ye-ABABABCC.
Esi simbo sombongo sanwenwela ngaphaya kweItali saza saduma kuncwadi lwesiNgesi ngexesha leRenaissance. Indlela eyakhiwe ngayo kunye nepateni yesingqisho yenze ukuba ithandeke phakathi kweembongi.
Imizekelo eyaziwayo ye-ottava rima iquka umbongo ochazayo weNkosi u-Byron "uDon Juan," apho wasebenzisa le fomu ukuxelela ukuvela kwe-protagonist. Ukongezelela, uAlexander Pushkin, imbongi eyaziwayo yaseRashiya, wasebenzisa i-ottava rima kumsebenzi wakhe othi "Eugene Onegin," efaka isandla ekuthandeni kwayo ngokubanzi kwiilwimi kunye neenkcubeko ezahlukeneyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ottava rima kwaqhubeka nokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha, kunye neembongi ezahlukeneyo ezizama kwaye zibandakanya kwiingoma zabo. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuvumela iimbongi ukuba ziphonononge imixholo eyahlukeneyo kunye neengxelo ezingaphakathi kwemida yesakhelo sayo esicwangcisiweyo, iyenza ibe luhlobo oluhlala luhleli noluguquguqukayo lwesihobe kwimbali yoncwadi.
Yintoni iOttava Rima Poetry?
Imibongo ye-Ottava rima luhlobo lwemibongo evela eItali. Umbongo ngamnye unemigca esibhozo kwistanza, kwaye ilandela ipateni ethile yemvano-siphelo: ABABABCC. Le mibongo yayisetyenziswa ikakhulu kumabali amakhulu okanye amabali amalunga namaqhawe kunye nezinto ezenzekayo. Zazidumile kwimibongo edumileyo.
UThomas Wyatt, usopolitiki oliNgesi kunye nembongi, ufumene ezi patheni zesitanza zaseItali zinika umdla. Waziguqulela kwimibongo yesiNgesi. Emva koko, abantu baqala ukusebenzisa esi simbo ukubhala imibongo ehlekisayo nephoxayo. Ngokomzekelo, uJohn Hookham Frere wabhala "IiMonki kunye Nezigebenga," kwaye uLord Byron wabhala "Don Juan" esebenzisa i-ottava rima.
Le mibongo yaziwa ngendlela eyakhiwe ngayo—indlela eyamiselwa ngayo inemigca nezicengcelezo. Babevumela iimbongi ukuba zibalise amabali amade okanye zihlekise ngezinto ezinzulu. Babefana nesakhelo esivumela ababhali badlale ngeengcinga ezahlukeneyo kunye neethoni. Abantu babethanda i-ottava rima ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo-inokusingatha izihloko ezinzulu kunye nezihlekisayo, ukunika iimbongi inkululeko eninzi yokuvakalisa ngokwabo.
Isicwangciso seRhyme kunye noLwakhiwo lwe-Ottava Rima Poetry
Umbongo we-Ottava Rima uqulunqwe zizitanza ezinemigca esibhozo kwisitanza ngasinye. Iskimu semvano-siphelo sikholisa ukulandela ipateni ye-ABABABCC, apho imigca emithandathu yokuqala itshintshana kwimvano-siphelo yayo de imigca emibini yokugqibela yenze icouplet enemvano-siphelo ephindiweyo. Umgca ngamnye kolu hlobo lombongo udla ngokuba namalungu ali-10, usebenzisa i-iambic pentameter, nangona, kwiinguqulelo ezithile, iisilabhili ezili-11 zinokusetyenziswa.
Le mibongo inokuzimela kunye nestanza esinye okanye inokuqulunqwa ngezitanza ezininzi, ivumela uluhlu olubanzi lweethoni kunye nemixholo. Iimbongi ezaziwayo ziye zasebenzisa i-ottava rima ukwenza imisebenzi esuka entliziyweni kunye nenzulu, ngelixa abanye beyisebenzisile ukuhlekisa okanye ukudlala ngokudlala izivumelwano zolu hlobo ngokwalo.
Ngokomzekelo, uLord Byron, umntu odumileyo kwimibongo, wasebenzisa iottava rima kwincwadi yakhe yodumo ethi “Don Juan,” apho wayedibanisa ubunyani noburharha, ebonisa ukuguquguquka kolu hlobo lwesihobe. Ububhetyebhetye bolwakhiwo kuvumela iimbongi ukuba zilinge imixholo eyahlukeneyo, iithoni, kunye neemvakalelo ngaphakathi kwemida yesi singqisho kunye nesakhelo esakhiweyo.
I-Ottava Rima 5 Imibongo ephawulekayo
I-Ottava rima luhlobo lwesihobe oluphawulwa ngesakhiwo sayo sesitanza semigca esibhozo eneskim semvano-siphelo ethile (ABABABCC). Isetyenziswe kuyo yonke imisebenzi yoncwadi eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiibali ezinzulu ukuya kwiingoma ezihlekisayo nezihlekisayo. Ukuphonononga imizekelo emihlanu eyahlukileyo kunika ingqiqo kule fomu yesihobe kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenziswa ngayo.
1. "IiMonki kunye neZigebenga" nguJohn Hookham Frere:
Lo mbongo udlalayo nohlekisayo usebenza njengentlekisa yamabali ka-Arthurian. Ngobulumko kunye nokuqhula, uFrere udlala amabali entsomi ka-King Arthur kunye nee-knights zakhe, enikezela ngembono ekhaphukhaphu kwiintsomi ezaziwayo.
2. "Beppo" nguLord Byron:
Ngaphambi kokuba enze i-epic yakhe edumileyo ethi "Don Juan," u-Byron wenza umbongo ohlekisayo othi "Beppo." Iyibhukuqa ibali eliqhelekileyo ngokuguqula umlinganiswa wegama ukusuka kumntu othanda abafazi ukuya kumntu ophetshethwa lula ngabafazi. Ngempoxo kunye nokuphoxa, u-Byron ugxeka izithethe zoluntu kunye neengcinga ezisoloko zisetyenziswa ngabantu.
3. "Phakathi kwabantwana besikolo" nguWilliam Butler Yeats:
Ukunikezela ngombono wabucala kwiingcamango zikaYeats zobuqu kwiinkumbulo, lo mbongo uphonononga imixholo yokuguga, ulutsha, kunye nokuhamba kwexesha. Ngolunye uhlobo, uYeats's "Ukuhamba ngomkhumbi ukuya eByzantium" ngokufuziselayo uphonononga uhambo lokomoya, ebonakalisa ukufuna ukungafi kunye nokugqithisela kobugcisa.
4. "Isabella: okanye imbiza yeBasil" nguJohn Keats:
I-Keats ifumana impembelelo kumlinganiswa ka-Boccaccio ukuba abhale ibali le-macabre lothando kunye nokuzingca ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-ottava rima. Eli bali libuhlungu livela kuluhlu lwemigca esibhozo, liphonononga imixholo yothando, ukungcatshwa, kunye neziphumo zenkanuko engaqwalaselwanga.
5. "Igqwirha leAtlas" nguPercy Bysshe Shelley:
Umbongo kaShelley utyhileka njengebali eliyintsomi elintsonkothileyo elingaphaya kwama-78 ottava rima stanzas. Ngomfanekiso ocacileyo kunye nokubaliswa kwamabali, uShelley wenza ibali elihambahamba kwiinkalo zentelekelelo, ephonononga imixholo yomlingo, ubuhle, kunye namava omntu.
Shiya iMpendulo