Uninzi lwethu luqhele ukudibanisa iziqhamo kunye nencasa kunye nemifuno kunye nencasa emnandi. Nangona kunjalo, ulwahlulo lwebhotani aluhlali luhambelana nale mbono. Ukuchonga ukuba ingaba imifuno, enyanisweni, sisiqhamo kubandakanya ukuqonda imvelaphi yayo yezityalo.
Xa sithetha ngezityalo, isiqhamo sisakhiwo esivelisa imbewu ngaphakathi. Le nkqubo yenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-ovary yesityalo esineentyatyambo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, imifuno iphuma kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezityalo njengamagqabi, iingcambu, nezikhondo, ngaphandle kweziqhamo ezityatyamba kwiintyatyambo zesityalo.
Lo mbono webhotani utyhila inyaniso emangalisayo-ukutya okuninzi esikuchaza njengemifuno, ngokwenene, iziqhamo! Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa ucinga ngomahluko phakathi kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno, khumbula ukuba akukhona nje ukungcamla kodwa iinkqubo zebhotani ezenzekayo kwisityalo.
Isiqhamo okanye imifuno?
Umbuzo wokuba into ethile sisiqhamo okanye imifuno isenokubonakala iqondile, kodwa intsonkothe ngakumbi kunokuba ibonakala. Ngokwebhotanical, isiqhamo yinxalenye yesityalo evale imbewu yaso, ngelixa imifuno ibandakanya nayiphi na indawo yesityalo esityiwayo ngaphandle kwesiqhamo kunye nembewu yaso.
Nangona kunjalo, oku kucaca kwezityalo kwaphikiswa ngowe-1893 xa ityala leNkundla ePhakamileyo longeza ukubhideka. Umthengisi waseManhattan, uJohn Nix & Co., uphikise irhafu yemifuno evela kumazwe angaphandle ebekwe kwiitumato zaseCaribbean. U-Nix waxoxa ukuba iitumato, iziqhamo zebhotani, akufuneki zijongane nerhafu yemifuno. Nangona inyaniso yezityalo, inkundla yagweba ngokuchasene ne-Nix, ichaza ukuba iitumato zaziphathwa njengemifuno ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo kunye nemikhwa yokusetyenziswa.
UJustice Horace Gray wathi, “Xa sithetha ngezityalo, iitumato zisisiqhamo somdiliya, kanye njengokuba zinjalo iikomkomere, iisquashes, iimbotyi neeertyisi. Kodwa ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo lwabantu, enoba ngabathengisi okanye abathengi bokutya, zonke ezi ziyimifuno.”
Ukususela ngoko, ukubhideka kweziqhamo ngokuchasene nemifuno kuye kwaqhubeka.
Ngaba umahluko ngokwenene ubalulekile? Ngoxa abanye besenokuthi, “Irozi ngalo naliphi na elinye igama inokunuka kamnandi,” abaninzi basakhathala. Kubathandi bokutya, abagadi begadi, abathanda ulwimi, kunye nabancamathelisi ngokuchaneka, ibalulekile. Kwihlabathi apho abaninzi bengenako ukunxibelelana nemithombo yabo yokutya, ukuqonda oko sikutyayo akuzange kube yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
Ukukhanyisela lo mba, makhe sijonge kulwazi lwenzululwazi yokutya kunye nombhali uHarold McGee ophuma kwincwadi yakhe edumileyo, “Ekutyeni nasekuphekeni: iNzululwazi kunye neLore yeKhitshi” (uhlelo luka-2004). UMcGee uhlalutya umxholo othi "Iziqhamo ezisetyenziswa njengemifuno," enika ingcaciso ecacileyo nganye.
Iziqhamo ocinga ukuba yimifuno
1. Iitumato
Iitumato zezona zilula ukuyiqonda phakathi kweziqhamo. Nangona abaninzi benokucinga ngazo njengemifuno, ngokwenene iitumato ziziqhamo kwaye zidume kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, yayiziziqhamo ezikrakra ezifumaneka kwiintlango ezinxweme zaseMzantsi Melika, kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwavela iintlobo eziswiti ngakumbi kwaye zafumana ukhetho, ziguquka zibe ziitumato ezimnandi esizonwabelayo namhlanje. Kule mihla, ezi ziqhamo ziguquguqukayo zikhula kwihlabathi jikelele, zibonisa uluhlu lwemibala kunye nobukhulu.
Funda kwakhona: Yintoni iVegetarianism?
2. Iikhukhamba
Iikomkomere zezosapho lwe cucurbit, njengamathanga kunye ne squash. Zithandwa kakhulu, ngoko makhe sithethe ngazo ngokwahlukeneyo. Ezi zithako zesaladi ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye ziqinile kwaye ziyakrakra, ezinye zinesikhumba esithambileyo esinobumnandi obuphakathi, kwaye ezinye zilungele ukukha. Nangona incasa yabo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukhukhamba ziziqhamo zezobugcisa, kungekhona imifuno.
3. IiPeppers ezimnandi, iChilli, kunye neCapsicum
Iipepile eziswiti, iitshilisi, kunye neecapsicum zonke zezosapho olunye. Iicapsicums zifana namaqunube anembewu ngaphakathi. Inyaniso ebangela umdla: UColumbus wawathiya 'ipepile' ngenxa yokuba iziqholo zabo zazimkhumbuza ngepepile emnyama. Ekuqaleni ama-Aztec ayewabiza itshilisi. Iipepile ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiziqholo kakhulu ukuya kwezo ziswiti esizithandayo kwiisaladi. Kuyamangalisa, kodwa ngokwenene ziziqhamo, kungekhona imifuno.
4. Ithanga kunye neSquash
Ithanga kunye ne-squash zezosapho lwe-cucurbit, oluquka i-squash yasebusika, i-squash yasehlotyeni, i-courgette / i-zucchini, i-cucumber, i-gherkin, kunye ne-melon. Aba bafana neqela labantakwabo abaneempawu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ezi 'ziqhamo' ziphuma kwiintyatyambo zesityalo esifana nomdiliya kwaye zinokukhasa phantsi okanye zikhwele i-trellis.
Kufana nokuba ngamalungu osapho akhula ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kodwa anxibelelana. Zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamathanga kunye nesquash, nganye ineempawu zayo ezizodwa. Abanye bathanda ukusasazeka emhlabeni, ngelixa abanye bekhetha ukunyuka phezulu. Ke, lusapho olukhulu olunokhetho oluninzi kwaye nganye inebali layo elifuna ukubalisa!
5. Iminquma
Imvelaphi yaseMpuma yeMeditera, iminquma iziqhamo ngokwenene! Okumangalisayo kukuba, iminquma esandul’ ukuvunwa ikrakra kakhulu. Ukubenza banandiphe, kufuneka banyange ngokusebenzisa amanzi okanye ityuwa eyenziwe ngetyuwa namanzi, okanye ityuwa, iviniga, namanzi, okanye ityuwa kuphela. Le ndlela yokunyanga ibalulekile ekupheliseni ubukrakra obubangela ubukrakra be-oleuropein, ukuguqula iminquma ibe sisiphatho esimnandi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba iminquma iziqhamo, kungekhona imifuno.
6. Isityalo seqanda
Ukuba uyibiza i-aubergine okanye i-eggplant ixhomekeke kwindawo okuyo emhlabeni. Nangona yaziwa ngokubanzi ngombala wayo omnyama omfusa, isitshalo seqanda sisiqhamo. Iza ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo, ubungakanani, kunye nemibala engaphaya kombala omfusa oqhelekileyo. Olunye usetyenziso oludumileyo lwesitshalo seqanda kuMbindi Mpuma wediphu ebizwa ngokuba ngubaba ganoush.
Ubume bayo obufana nenyama bukwenza ukuba ibe yindawo enkulu yenyama kwizitya ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuguquguquka kwayo kunye noluhlu lweentlobo ezahlukeneyo, i-eggplant yongeza ukubanjwa okukhethekileyo kwindalo yokupheka kwihlabathi jikelele.
7. Umbona oswiti
Kutshanje ndifumene into emangalisayo ngombona oswiti – sisiqhamo ngokwenene! 'Ukhozo' ngalunye oluncinane kwisikhwebu sombona lugqalwa njengesiqhamo. Umbona oswiti udla ngokuba nombala omthubi, kodwa unokufumaneka nakwiintlobo ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza, ezibomvu neziluhlaza.
Kunika umdla ukucinga ngombona oswiti ngendlela entsha. Sihlala siyibona njengemifuno enencasa, kodwa iinkozo ezincinci kwisikhwebu ziziqhamo ngokwenene. Oku kwenza umbona oswiti wahluke, njengoko siqhele ukudibanisa iziqhamo nezinto ezifana nama-apile okanye amaqunube. Iintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala yombona oswiti ingena kuyo yongeza umtsalane wawo. Ayinandi nje kuphela, kodwa ikwazisa nokugqabhuka kombala kwiipleyiti zethu.
Ngexesha elizayo ukonwabela ukutya kombona oswiti, khumbula ukuba utya iziqhamo ngokuluma ngakunye. Iyamangalisa indlela indalo eyothusa ngayo ngokuhlelwa kwayo, ijika imifuno eqhelekileyo ibe yingqokelela yeziqhamo ezincinci, ezityiwayo.
Funda kwakhona: Iintyatyambo ezingama-40 onokuzitya
8. Iponyoponyo
I-Avocado, isiqhamo esithandekayo esine-creamy, sivela kwi-Central America kwaye sivela kwintsapho ye-laurel. Okothusayo kukuba, igama layo lokuqala, 'ahuacatl,' lisuka kulwimi lwama-Aztec, livakala ngathi ligama lesiSpanish elithi 'aguacate' leavokhado. Okubangela umdla kukuba, igama elithi 'ahuacatl' liguqulela kwi 'testicle' ngokubhekiselele kwimilo yesiqhamo, efana neyomzimba wendoda.
Iavokhado etyebileyo kunye nekhrimu ukuthungwa kwayo kuyenza ibe yintandokazi phakathi kwabaninzi. Esi siqhamo sivela kuMbindi Merika, silungu lentsapho yelaurel. Okumangalisayo kukuba, igama layo lokuqala, 'ahuacatl,' livela kulwimi lwama-Aztec kwaye livakala ngokufanayo negama lesiSpanish elithi 'aguacate.' Okubangela umdla kukuba, igama elithi 'ahuacatl' lithetha 'ityhalarha,' igama elinikwe isiqhamo ngenxa yokumila kwaso.
9. Imbotyi eluhlaza
Iimbotyi eziluhlaza zisenokungabonakali njengeziqhamo, kodwa eneneni ziphuma kwiintyatyambo zezityalo zeembotyi. Uninzi lwethu luyakunandipha ukutya iimbotyi eziselula kunye neembotyi zazo ezingekavuthwa, nokuba zishushu, zigcadiwe, okanye zikrwada. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimbotyi zivunyelwe ukuba zivuthwe, sinokufumana iiprotheyini eziphezulu, iimbotyi eziqinileyo njengeembotyi ezimnyama okanye iimbotyi zepinto ngokukrazula iipods. Ezi mbotyi zinenzuzo yokuba zikwazi ukugcinwa ixesha elide.
Olu didi lukwaquka i-mangetout, evelisa ii-pea pods ezisicaba, kunye nee-ertyisi neembotyi zembaleki. Ke, kwixesha elizayo xa usonwabela ezi ziphatho zinencasa ziluhlaza, khumbula ukuba awungcamli nje imifuno – uzibandakanya nelizwe leziqhamo ezikhethekileyo nezahlukeneyo zembotyi eluhlaza.
Ezinye Iziqhamo Ezisetyenziswa Njengemifuno
Ezinye iziqhamo ezidla ngokusetyenziswa njengemifuno ziquka, i-tomatillos, i-gourds ekrakra, i-chayote, i-ertyisi, kunye ne-okra yimizekelo yeziqhamo ezinjalo.
I-Tomatillos zincinci, iziqhamo eziluhlaza kunye ne-husks ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiisosi kunye ne-salsa. Amathanga akrakra, awaziwa ngokukrakra, asetyenziselwa izitya ezahlukeneyo kwaye akholelwa ukuba anezibonelelo zempilo. I-Chayote, isiqhamo esiluhlaza, esishwabeneyo, sinezinto ezininzi kwaye sinokuphekwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nencasa kunye nokuthungwa kwemifuno.
I-Peas, nangona ithathwa njengemifuno, ihlelwa ngokwezityalo njengeziqhamo. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya kwaye zongeza i-flavour emnandi kwiitya. I-Okra, esinye isiqhamo esisetyenziswa njengemifuno, isoloko isetyenziswa kwisuphu kunye nesityu ngenxa yencasa yayo ekhethekileyo kunye nencasa.
Ezi ziqhamo, xa zisetyenziselwa ukutya okunencasa, zibonisa ukuguquguquka kwazo, zenza mfiliba umgca phakathi kweziqhamo kunye nemifuno kwizinto zokupheka.
Shiya iMpendulo