Masiyiphelise ingxoxo eqhubekayo malunga nokuba itumata sisiqhamo okanye simifuno. Itumato, efumaneka kwisityalo iSolanum lycopersicum, ineempawu zazo zombini. Nokuba ubuza bani na, kukho ubungqina obaneleyo obuvela kwiimbono ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya izazinzulu, iingcali zokupheka, kunye neNkundla ePhakamileyo yase-US.
Le ndawo ityiwayo yesityalo ityebile kwiivithamin, iiminerali, ifayibha, kunye nepotassium ngelixa inamafutha amancinci. Enoba zityiwa zikrwada okanye ziphekiwe, iitumato zinesondlo. Ukongeza, zigcwele i-antioxidants kwaye ziqulethe i-lycopene, ikhompawundi yendalo enoxanduva lombala wabo obomvu, onokudlala indima ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wezifo ezithile. Impikiswano isenokuqhubeka, kodwa ukuchaneka kwezinto ezimbini kwetumato njengesiqhamo kunye nemifuno ayinakuphikiswa.
Ukuqonda Umahluko Phakathi Kweziqhamo nemifuno
Umahluko phakathi kweziqhamo nemifuno usekelwe kwinkqubo yazo yokukhula. Ngokwesiseko, iziqhamo zikhula kwindawo edubulayo yesityalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-ovary. Esi sigaba siqala emva kokuba intyatyambo idubula kwaye iwa. Xa ukhula lukhula kwaye luvuthiwe, luhlelwa njengesiqhamo ngenxa yokuqulatha imbewu kunye nokuba nenyama eswiti okanye emuncu ngamanye amaxesha, etyiwayo. Iziqhamo zikholisa ukuba phezulu kumxholo weswekile, zinegalelo kubumnandi bazo bendalo.
Ngokwahlukileyo, imifuno ibandakanya nayiphi na enye inxalenye yesityalo esidliwayo, njengamagqabi amaqabunga e-kale, i-broccoli kunye neentloko ze-cauliflower, kunye neengcambu zemifuno yeengcambu ezifana neerothi kunye namazambane.
Xa kuziwa kumbono wokupheka, ulwahlulo luba luncinci. Ngokutsho kwe-Insider, ukudideka kuvela ngenxa yokuba "imifuno" ininzi yokuhlelwa kwe-culinary kune-botanical. Ekhitshini, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno zihlelwa ikakhulu ngokusekwe kwincasa, iziqhamo zibeswiti kwaye uninzi lwemifuno lunencasa. Ngenxa yoko, ezi ndidi zimbini ziqhele ukusetyenziswa ngokwahlukileyo njengezithako kwizitya ezahlukeneyo.
Ngaba Itumato SiSiqhamo?
Kwihlabathi lezityalo, iitumato ziwela kudidi lweziqhamo. Oku kungenxa yokuba bahlangabezana nazo zonke iinqobo zokwahlulwa njengeziqhamo. Ngokwemigangatho yezityalo, iziqhamo zivela kwi-ovary, eyona nxalenye yabasetyhini kwisityalo. Ngaphakathi kwi-ovary, ii-ovules ezincinci ziguquka zibe yimbewu, ekugqibeleni zenze into eyaziwa njengesiqhamo.
Iitumato, ezifana namathanga, ipepile, isitshalo seqanda, iokra, iiertyisi, iavokhado, kunye neembotyi zentambo, landela inkqubo efanayo yokukhula. Emva kokuba isityalo setumata sivelise iintyatyambo ezityheli, itumato iyavela, iqulethe iziko elizaliswe yimbewu. Oku kuhambelana neempawu ezisisiseko zesiqhamo.
Lo mbono wezityalo unika ukukhanya kwingxoxo-mpikiswano yakudala yokuba ukutya okuthile ziziqhamo okanye imifuno. Ngokuqonda inkqubo yokukhula, sinokuqonda ukuba iitumato, nangona zihlelwa njengemifuno, ziziqhamo ngokwenene kwimbono yebhotani.
Ngaba Itumato nguMfino?
Ngo-1893, iNkundla Ephakamileyo yase-US yazinzisa ingxoxo malunga nokuba itumato sisiqhamo okanye imifuno kwityala likaNix v. Hedden. UJohn Nix, umsasazi wemveliso, wakhuphisana noMongameli uChester A. Arthur's Tariff Act ka-1883, exoxa ukuba iitumato kufuneka zirhafiswe njengeziqhamo ngenxa yokuhlelwa kwazo ngokwezityalo. Nangona kunjalo, inkundla yagweba ivumela ukuba iitumato zihlelwe njengemifuno ngeenjongo zokurhafisa kumazwe angaphandle.
Isebe lezoLimo lase-US liyaluqinisa olu luhlu, kuquka iitumato kwicandelo elithi "imifuno ebomvu ne-orenji" kwiZikhokelo zeDietary for Americans. Olu luhlu lunabela kwi-100% yejusi yetumato ngokunjalo.
Ukusuka kumbono wesondlo, iitumato zihambelana nodidi lwemifuno ngenxa yencasa emnandi kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-fructose. Nangona iitumato ezikrwada zigqalwa njengeswekile encinane, xa igalelwe kwisuphu enkonkxiweyo, kwiisosi, okanye kwijusi yeziqhamo, iqondo leswekile liyenyuka kakhulu. I-asidi yendalo ye-tomato inokulungelelaniswa kunye ne-pinch yeswekile emhlophe okanye i-baking soda, ukuphucula i-flavour ye-tomato sauce.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ihlelwa njani njengesiqhamo, itumata yimifuno eguquguqukayo encedisa izitya ezahlukahlukeneyo, nokuba zifakwe kwi-stewed, i-stewed, okanye izonwabele ngokutsha kwiisaladi okanye kwisandwich. Ukutya iitumato ngexesha lonyaka kuqinisekisa eyona ncasa ilungileyo, kodwa iindlela zokuzigcina zinokwandisa ukonwabela incasa yazo yasehlotyeni unyaka wonke.
Inkcukacha ezithe vetshe:
- USlavin, uJoanne L., kunye noBeate Lloyd. “Uncedo lweMpilo lweZiqhamo kunye nemifuno. " Ukuqhubela phambili kwiZondlo, umqulu. 3, hayi. 4, 2012, iphepha 506-516, doi:10.3945/an.112.002154
- Ibali, uErica N et al. “Uhlaziyo kwiziphumo zempilo ze-tomato lycopene. " Uphononongo loNyaka lweNzululwazi yoKutya kunye neTekhnoloji, umqulu. 1, 2010, iphepha 189-210. doi:10.1146/annurev.food.102308.124120
- "Umgangatho Weziqhamo—Siyifumana Njani Incasa Yaso?” Penn State Extension.
- "Iingxelo zase-US: Nix V. Hedden, 149 US 304 (1893). " Ithala leencwadi leCongress.
- "Yenza yonke i-Bite ibale kunye neziKhokelo zokutya. " Izikhokelo zeZidlo, 2020.
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