Abaningi bethu bavamise ukuhlobanisa izithelo nobumnandi nemifino nokunambitheka okumnandi. Nokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwezitshalo akuhambelani nalo mbono ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukubona ukuthi imifino iyisithelo empeleni kuhlanganisa ukuqonda umsuka wayo wezitshalo.
Ngokwesayensi yezitshalo, isithelo siyisakhiwo esikhiqiza imbewu ngaphakathi. Le nqubo yenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-ovary yesitshalo esiqhakazayo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, imifino itholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo njengamaqabunga, izimpande, neziqu, ngaphandle kwezithelo eziqhakaza ezimbalini zesitshalo.
Lo mbono wesayensi yezitshalo wembula iqiniso elimangalisayo—ukudla okuningana esivame ukukubiza ngokuthi imifino, empeleni, kuyizithelo! Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo uma uzindla ngomehluko phakathi kwezithelo nemifino, khumbula ukuthi akukhona nje ukunambitheka kodwa nezinqubo zebhotanical ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwesitshalo.
Izithelo Noma Imifino?
Umbuzo wokuthi into isithelo noma imifino ungase ubonakale uqondile, kodwa uyinkimbinkimbi kunalokho okubonakala. Ngokwesayensi yezitshalo, isithelo siyingxenye yesitshalo evale imbewu yaso, kanti imifino ihlanganisa noma iyiphi ingxenye yesitshalo esidliwayo ngaphandle kwesithelo kanye nembewu yaso.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kucaca kwezitshalo kwaphikiswana ngo-1893 lapho icala leNkantolo Ephakeme lengeza ukudideka. Umthengisi wase-Manhattan, u-John Nix & Co., uphikise intela yemifino evela kwamanye amazwe ebekwe kutamatisi wase-Caribbean. U-Nix waphikisa ngokuthi utamatisi, izithelo ze-botanical, akufanele zibhekane nentela yemifino. Naphezu kweqiniso lesayensi yezitshalo, inkantolo yakhipha isinqumo ngokumelene noNix, yathi utamatisi uthathwa njengemifino ngolimi oluvamile kanye nemikhuba yokudliwa.
UJustice Horace Gray waphawula, “Ngokwesayensi yezitshalo, utamatisi uyisithelo somvini, njengoba kunjalo namakhukhamba, ama-squashes, ubhontshisi, nophizi. Kodwa ngolimi oluvamile lwabantu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi abathengisi noma abathengi, konke lokhu kuyimifino.”
Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukudideka kwezithelo ngokumelene nemifino kuye kwaqhubeka.
Ingabe umehluko unendaba ngempela? Nakuba abanye bengase bathi, “I-rose nganoma yiliphi elinye igama inganuka mnandi,” abaningi basanendaba. Kubathandi bokudla, abalimi, abathanda ulimi, nabanamathelayo ukuze bathole ukunemba, kubalulekile. Ezweni lapho abaningi bengaxhumekile emithonjeni yabo yokudla, ukuqonda esikudlayo akukaze kube okubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuze sikhanyisele lolu daba, ake sibheke imibono kasosayensi wezokudla nombhali uHarold McGee encwadini yakhe edumile, “Mayelana nokudla nokupheka: Isayensi kanye neLore yasekhishini” (uhlelo luka-2004). UMcGee ungena esihlokweni esithi “Izithelo Ezisetshenziswa Njengemifino,” enikeza izincazelo ezinemininingwane ngayinye.
Izithelo Ocabanga Ngayo Imifino
1. Utamatisi
Utamatisi kulula ukuwaqonda phakathi kwezithelo. Nakuba abaningi bengase bacabange ngawo njengemifino, utamatisi uyizithelo ngempela futhi udumile. Ekuqaleni, kwakuyizithelo ezibabayo ezitholakala ogwadule ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika, izigidi zeminyaka edlule. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kwakhula izinhlobo ezimnandi futhi zathandwa, zashintsha zaba utamatisi omnandi esiwujabulela namuhla. Namuhla, lezi zithelo eziguquguqukayo zichuma emhlabeni wonke, zibonisa izinhlobonhlobo zemibala nosayizi.
Funda futhi: Iyini i-Vegetarianism?
2. Ukhukhamba
Amakhukhamba ayingxenye yomndeni we-cucurbit, njengamathanga kanye ne-squash. Ziyaduma impela, ngakho-ke ake sikhulume ngazo ngokwehlukana. Lezi zithako zamasaladi ziza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ezinye ziqinile futhi ziyababa, ezinye zinesikhumba esithambile esinobumnandi obuncane, kanti ezinye zilungele ukukha. Naphezu kokunambitheka kwawo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukhukhamba ngokwezobuchwepheshe izithelo, hhayi imifino.
3. Upelepele Omnandi, Upelepele, noCapsicum
Upelepele omnandi, upelepele, nama-capsicum konke kungomndeni owodwa. Ama-Capsicms afana namajikijolo anembewu ngaphakathi. Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: UColumbus wabaqamba ngokuthi 'upelepele' ngoba ubulawu babo babumkhumbuza upelepele omnyama. Ekuqaleni ama-Aztec ayewabiza ngopelepele. Upelepele uza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, kusukela kwababayo ngokwedlulele kuya kwamnandi esiwuthanda kumasaladi. Kuyamangaza, kodwa empeleni ziyizithelo, hhayi imifino.
4. Ithanga kanye neSquash
Ithanga kanye ne-squash kungokomndeni we-cucurbit, okuhlanganisa ne-squash yasebusika, i-squash yasehlobo, i-courgette / i-zucchini, ikhukhamba, i-gherkin, ne-melon. Laba bafana nenqwaba yezelamani ezinezici ezihlukahlukene. Lezi 'zithelo' zivela ezimbalini zesitshalo esibukeka njengomvini futhi zingakhasa phansi noma zikhwele i-trellis.
Kufana nokuthi bangamalungu omndeni akhula ngezindlela ezihlukene kodwa asaxhumene. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zamathanga kanye ne-squash, ngayinye inezici zayo ezikhethekile. Abanye bathanda ukusabalala phansi, kanti abanye bathanda ukukhuphukela phezulu. Ngakho-ke, umndeni omkhulu onokukhetha okuningi futhi ngamunye unendaba yawo okufanele uyixoxe!
5. Iminqumo
Ivela esifundeni saseMpumalanga Mediterranean, iminqumo iyizithelo ngempela! Ngokumangalisayo, iminqumo esanda kukhiwa ibaba kakhulu. Ukuze abenze bajabulele, kumelwe belaphe ngokusebenzisa amanzi noma uketshezi oluxutshwe nosawoti namanzi, noma usawoti, uviniga, namanzi, noma usawoti nje wodwa. Le ndlela yokwelapha ibalulekile ukuze kuqedwe isakhi se-oleuropein esibangela ukubaba, siguqule iminqumo ibe izibiliboco. Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuthi iminqumo iyizithelo, hhayi imifino.
6. Isitshalo seqanda
Ukuthi uyibiza ngokuthi i-aubergine noma isitshalo seqanda kuya ngokuthi ukuphi emhlabeni. Naphezu kokwaziwa kakhulu ngombala waso onsomi omnyama, isitshalo seqanda empeleni siyisithelo. Iza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, osayizi, nemibala ngale kombala onsomi ojwayelekile. Ukusetshenziswa okudumile kwesitshalo seqanda kuse-Middle East dip ebizwa ngokuthi i-baba ganoush.
Ukuthungwa kwayo okufana nenyama nakho kuyenza ibe indawo enhle yenyama ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuguquguquka kwaso kanye nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, isitshalo seqanda sengeza ukuthinta okuyingqayizivele ekudalweni kokupheka emhlabeni wonke.
7. Umbila Omnandi
Ngisanda kuthola okuthile okumangazayo ngommbila omnandi - empeleni yisithelo! 'Uhlamvu' ngalunye oluncane esikhwebu sombila lubhekwa njengesithelo. Ummbila omnandi ngokuvamile unombala ophuzi, kodwa ungatholakala nasezinhlotsheni ezimhlophe, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezibomvu, neziluhlaza.
Kuyathakazelisa ukucabanga ngommbila omnandi ngendlela entsha. Sivame ukukubona njengemifino emnandi, kodwa izinhlamvu ezincane ezisesikhwebu ziyizithelo. Lokhu kwenza ummbila omnandi uhluke, njengoba ngokuvamile sihlobanisa izithelo nezinto ezifana nama-apula noma amajikijolo. Imibala ehlukahlukene ummbila omnandi uyangena wenezela ekuthandeni kwawo. Akukona nje kuphela okumnandi, kodwa futhi kuletha ukuqhuma kombala kumapuleti ethu.
Ngokuzayo lapho ujabulela ukuphakelwa kommbila omnandi, khumbula ukuthi uzitika ngobumnandi bezithelo ngokulunywa ngakunye. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi imvelo isimangaza kanjani ngezigaba zayo, iguqule imifino evamile ibe iqoqo lezithelo ezincane ezidliwayo.
Funda futhi: Izimbali Ezingama-40 Ongazidla
I-8. Ukwatapheya
Ukwatapheya, isithelo esithandwayo esinokhilimu, sivela eMelika Ephakathi futhi singowomndeni we-laurel. Ngokumangalisayo, igama layo lokuqala, 'ahuacatl,' lisuselwa olimini lwama-Aztec, lizwakala njengegama lesiSpanishi elithi 'aguacate' elisho ukwatapheya. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi igama elithi 'ahuacatl' lihumusha elithi 'i-testicle' ngokubhekisela ekumeni kwesithelo, okufana nokomzimba wesilisa.
Ukuthungwa kukakotapheya okucebile nokunokhilimu kuwenza intandokazi kwabaningi. Lesi sithelo sisuka eMelika Ephakathi, siyilungu lomndeni we-laurel. Ngokumangalisayo, igama layo langempela, elithi 'ahuacatl,' livela olimini lwama-Aztec futhi lizwakala lifana neleSpanishi elithi 'aguacate.' Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi elithi 'ahuacatl' lisho 'isende,' igama elinikezwa isithelo ngenxa yokuma kwaso.
9. Ubhontshisi Oluhlaza
Ubhontshisi oluhlaza ungase ungabonakali njengezithelo, kodwa empeleni uvela ezimbalini zezitshalo zikabhontshisi. Iningi lethu liyakujabulela ukudla ama-pods amancane nobhontshisi wawo ongavuthiwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ushukiwe, ugayiwe, noma uluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, uma ubhontshisi uvunyelwa ukuthi uvuthwe, singathola ubhontshisi obunamaprotheni amaningi, oqinile njengobhontshisi omnyama noma ubhontshisi we-pinto ngokuqhekeza ama-pods. Lamabhontshisi anenzuzo yokuthi akwazi ukugcinwa isikhathi eside.
Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa ne-mangetout, ekhiqiza ama-pea pods, kanye nama-pea pods nobhontshisi abagijimayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuzayo lapho ujabulela lezi zibiliboco eziluhlaza okotshani, khumbula ukuthi awugcini nje ngokujabulela imifino - uzijabulisa emhlabeni wezithelo zikabhontshisi oluhlaza ohlukile futhi ohlukahlukene.
Ezinye Izithelo Ezisetshenziswa Njengemifino
Ezinye izithelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa njengemifino zihlanganisa, i-tomatillos, i-gourds ababayo, i-chayote, i-peas, ne-okra yizibonelo zezithelo ezinjalo.
I-Tomatillos yizithelo ezincane, eziluhlaza ezinamakhoba avame ukusetshenziswa kumasoso kanye ne-salsa. Amakhabe ababayo, aziwa ngokunambitha kwawo okubabayo, asetshenziswa ezitsheni ezihlukahlukene futhi kukholakala ukuthi anezinzuzo zezempilo. I-Chayote, isithelo esiluhlaza, esishwabene, iguquguquka futhi ingaphekwa ngezindlela ezihlukene, ezifana nokunambitheka nokuthungwa kwemifino.
Ama-peas, nakuba ngokuvamile acatshangwa njengemifino, ahlukaniswa ngokwezitshalo njengezithelo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi ekuphekeni okuhlukahlukene futhi zengeza ukunambitheka okumnandi ezitsheni. I-Okra, esinye isithelo esisetshenziswa njengemifino, ivamise ukusetshenziselwa isobho nezitshulu ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo okuyingqayizivele kanye nokunambitheka kwayo.
Lezi zithelo, uma zisetshenziswa ezitsheni ezinoshukela, zibonisa ukuguquguquka kwazo, zifiphalisa umugqa phakathi kwezithelo nemifino emikhubeni yokupheka.
shiya impendulo