Usanda kuthola iziqu zakho ze-bachelor emkhakheni wesayensi yamakhemikhali noma uneminyaka embalwa uphumile ekolishi. Uyaqala ukucabanga ngalokho okuzolandela, futhi ukukhetha kungaba nzima kakhulu. Ngakho, uqala kuphi? Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngezinyathelo ezizokusiza ukukuqondisa ekuhleleni umsebenzi kusayensi yamakhemikhali.
Ukuhlola Izintshisekelo Zakho Namakhono
Umholo omaphakathi otholwa yiziqu zekhemistri cishe $ 110,000 ngonyaka. Iphakeme kuneminye imikhakha eminingi, okwenza ibe yinketho enenzuzo kubafundi abasafufusa. Kodwa-ke, izizinda ezingaphansi eziningi ngaphakathi kwesayensi yamakhemikhali zenza ukuhlola okuthakaselayo namakhono akho kubaluleke.
Uzodinga ukwazi ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi ekhona ukuze uhlole izintshisekelo zakho namakhono akho. Uhlu olulandelayo luchaza izinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhono, izinto ozithakaselayo, kanye namagugu angase abaluleke endleleni ngayinye yomsebenzi:
- Amakhono Ezobuchwepheshe: Lokhu kufaka phakathi ulwazi lwekhemistri noma enye isayensi nezinhlelo zekhompiyutha noma obunye ubuchwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe obungasetshenziswa emsebenzini. Uma umsebenzi udinga lawa makhono, kufanele aqokonyiswe ku-resume yakho kanye nencwadi yekhava.
- Amakhono Okusebenzisana Nabantu: Lawa amakhono okuxhumana nabantu njengokuxhumana nokuphatha isikhathi. Lawa makhono akuvumela ukuthi uxhumane nabanye ngempumelelo emsebenzini noma esikoleni.
- Amakhono Enhlangano: Lokhu kubhekiselwa ngqo ekhonweni lenhlangano kunekhono lobuholi.
Ukuhlola Izindlela Zomsebenzi
Kunemisebenzi eminingi ehlukene kanye neziqu zemisebenzi okufanele zicatshangelwe, ngayinye idinga amakhono nolwazi. Eminye imisebenzi idinga iziqu ze-bachelor; abanye badinga iziqu eziphakeme noma isitifiketi.
Nazi ezinye izindlela zomsebenzi ongakhetha kuzo ngesikhathi sokuhlela umsebenzi kusayensi yamakhemikhali:
Imisebenzi Yezemfundo
Imisebenzi yezemfundo iyanelisa futhi inomvuzo. Umsebenzi kasosayensi wezemfundo ukufundisa, ukwenza ucwaningo, nokusebenzela umphakathi. Abafundi besayensi yamakhemikhali abaphishekela imisebenzi yezemfundo kumele balinganisele lezi zimfuno nezintshisekelo zabo kanye nezinhloso zabo.
Ososayensi bezemfundo banesibopho sokufundisa kuwo wonke amazinga. Lawa mazinga ahlanganisa izifundo zesethulo zeziqu zabafundi, amasemina asezingeni eliphakeme, kanye nezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokuqeqesha ezinikezwa isikhungo sabo.
Idatha ibonisa ukuthi cishe u-30% wosokhemisi basebenza kuzilungiselelo zemfundo. Kodwa ukuze uthole umsebenzi emkhakheni wokufundisa, udinga ukuqaphela yonke into kukhemistri, kusukela kumafomula ayisisekelo kuya kumakhemikhali anothe ngekhabhoni. Lokho kungenxa yokuthi udinga ukukufundisa konke abafundi.
Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ufundise ngisho nokucushwa kwe-electron yezakhi emakilasini amaleveli esingeniso. Ngakho-ke, ukukhumbula izinto eziyisisekelo kubalulekile emsebenzini kulo mkhakha. Umfundi angase akubuze mayelana ne i-electron config yethusi.
Kulokhu, akulungile ukuphendula nje ukuthi ukucushwa kungu-1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 3d10. Udinga futhi ukusiza abafundi ukuthi baqonde ukuthi unqume kanjani ukucushwa kwe-electron yethusi.
Ngokusho kweProprep, udinga ukuqala ngokukhomba inombolo ye-athomu. Okulandelayo, kufanele ulandele Isimiso se-Aufbau, okusho ukuthi ama-orbitals wamandla aphansi azogcwaliswa kuqala. Isinyathelo sesithathu ukuqala ukugcwalisa ama-orbitals. Futhi okokugcina, cabangela ukuzinza kwe-electron. Ulwazi lwalezi zici luzokwenza abafundi bakwazi ukuthola ukucushwa kwama-electron kwanoma iyiphi into bebodwa.
Funda futhi: I-Top 10 Yemisebenzi Ethengiswayo Emhlabeni
Imisebenzi Yezimboni
Imisebenzi yasembonini ivamise ukuzinza kodwa ayiguquguquki kangako kuneyezemfundo. Futhi bavame ukuba namaholo aphezulu kanye namathuba amaningi okuthuthuka. Ngakho-ke, cishe ama-36% abathweswe iziqu ku-chemistry kusuka ngo-2022-23 bajoyine indawo yokusebenza njengososayensi bamakhemikhali, ochwepheshe baselabhorethri kanye nabahlaziyi bebhizinisi.
Uma ungathanda ukusebenzela inkampani ekhiqiza amakhemikhali noma eminye imikhiqizo, cabangela lokhu okulandelayo:
- Amakhono adingekayo: Uzodinga amakhono okuxhumana aqinile kanye nokuqonda ukuthi isayensi ingasetshenziswa kanjani ezinkingeni zomhlaba wangempela.
- Izinhlobo zezimboni: Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezimboni zamakhemikhali. Abanye bagxila ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, kanti abanye benza imikhiqizo efana nezidakamizwa noma izibulala-zinambuzane. Ungase usebenze enkampanini yamazwe ngamazwe noma into encane, njengokuqala.
- Izinzuzo/nobubi: Izinzuzo zihlanganisa inkokhelo engcono kunezikhundla eziningi ezingeni lokungena. Ububi buhlanganisa ukuguquguquka okuphansi ngoba cishe uzosebenza ku-trajectory efanayo, engazuzisa inkampani yakho.
Ucwaningo Lwemisebenzi
Umkhakha wocwaningo unokuncintisana kakhulu, futhi kufanele ulungele ukuncintisana nabanye abafundi ngezikhundla. Ngenhlanhla, ziningi izindlela zokuzilungiselela le nqubo.
Okokuqala nokubalulekile, thatha izifundo ezizokusiza ugqame. Ungathatha izifundo ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic chemistry, i-physical chemistry, i-spectroscopy, njll. Khuluma noprofesa bakho mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amakhono ahlobene nezinjongo zakho ezinkulu kanye nomsebenzi ukuze ukwazi ukuhlela ngokufanele.
Okwesibili, cabanga ngama-internship noma izikhundla zocwaningo zasehlobo. Lawa mathuba akunikeza ulwazi olubalulekile ngenkathi uvumela isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi kwama-semesters ukuze angaphazamisi kakhulu umsebenzi wezifundo.
I-Analytical and Forensic Chemistry
I-analytical chemistry ukuhlaziya izinto. I-Forensic chemistry isiza kakhulu uhlelo lwezomthetho ngokuhlonza amabala egazi noma ngokunquma ukuthi isidumbu sabulawa isikhathi eside kangakanani.
Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yokuhlaziya kanye neyobunhloli ingatholakala ezimbonini eziningi, okubandakanya imfundo, ucwaningo nentuthuko (R&D), ukukhiqiza, nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi. ECalifornia kuphela, cishe 2,270 abantu baqashwe njengochwepheshe beSayensi yeForensic. Ngakho-ke, ungathola kalula umsebenzi kulo mkhakha uma unamakhono afanele.
Iziqu ze-bachelor kukhemistry noma i-biochemistry izohlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sezikhundla zeleveli yokungena kule mikhakha. Kodwa-ke, izinketho zesikole ezineziqu ziyatholakala uma ufuna ukuphishekela izindima eziphakeme ngokuhamba kwesikhathi phansi kwekhondo lakho lomsebenzi.
Funda futhi: IIzimboni Eziyisisekelo Ziyindlela Enhle Yomsebenzi?
Ukwakha Uhlelo Lwakho Lomsebenzi
Uma usuwahlonze amakhono nolwazi okudingeka ukuthole, sekuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuhlola imakethe yemisebenzi. Uma umgomo wakho omkhulu uwukusebenzela inkampani ethile noma inhlangano, cwaninga iwebhusayithi yabo ukuze uthole izikhundla ezitholakalayo.
Ungase futhi ufune ukukhuluma nothile osebenza kuleyo nhlangano. Kuzokusiza ukuthi ufunde kabanzi ngokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zemisebenzi ezikhona nokuthi abantu baqashwa kanjani.
Uma usuwazi ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi ekhona, dala uhlu lwabaqashi abanomsebenzi wabo onentshisekelo kukho bese uqala ukuwacwaninga ngokuqhubekayo:
- Benzani?
- Basebenzela kuphi?
- Ubani osebenza lapho?
- Inkampani ngayinye inabasebenzi abangaki?
- Ingakanani imali etholwa umuntu ngamunye emalini engenayo ngonyaka?
- Ingabe akhona amathrendi angathinta izidingo zokuqashwa esikhathini esizayo kule mboni?
Ukuzulazula Usesho Lwemisebenzi
Ukusesha umsebenzi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlela umsebenzi wakho. I-resume yakho kanye nekhava yizinto zokuqala abaqashi abazozibona uma bebheka abafake izicelo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele zibhalwe kahle, zibe mfushane futhi zikhange.
Nawa amanye amathiphu okubhala i-resume:
- Kugcine kufushane; ikhasi elilodwa uma kungenzeka, amakhasi amabili okungenani. Ukuqhubeka okude kungase kubonise ubuvila noma ukungagxili kulokho okubaluleke kakhulu kubaqashi.
- Sebenzisa amaphoyinti echashazi kunezigaba lapho uchaza ulwazi lwakho nezinto ozifezile. Lokhu kwenza kube lula kubaphathi abamatasa abaqasha ukuskena ama-CV amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi bathole amakhandidethi ahambisana nezidingo zabo.
- Qiniseka ukuthi awekho amaphutha esipelingi noma ukuthayipha. Awufuni ukubonakala unganakile nganoma iyiphi indlela phakathi nale nqubo.
Isiphetho
Ayikho indlela yokulinganisa eyodwa yokuhlela umsebenzi wokuhlela umsebenzi kusayensi yamakhemikhali nanoma yimuphi omunye umkhakha. Ungathatha eyakho indlela nesikhathi ukuhlela umsebenzi wakho emkhakheni wesayensi yamakhemikhali.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele uqonde yonke inqubo futhi usebenze ngaphambi kokukhetha umsebenzi. Lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ungakwazi ukunamathela emsebenzini wakho isikhathi eside futhi wakhe umsebenzi ovuzayo.
Izincomo:
- Izinhlobo Zemisebenzi Yobunjiniyela/Inkundla, Iholo
- Izikole Eziphezulu Eziyi-10 Ezithweswe Iziqu Zobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali Emhlabeni
- Izikole Eziphezulu Eziyi-10 Ezithweswe Iziqu Zobunjiniyela Bamakhemikhali Emhlabeni
- Ingabe I-Electric Utilities Central Iyindlela Enhle Yomsebenzi?
- 10 Imisebenzi Eku-inthanethi Yabafundi Ongayishintsha Ube Umsebenzi Ovela Ekhaya
shiya impendulo