Yintoni ubuhlanga bamaziko, yeyiphi imizekelo ethwaxa uluntu namhlanje, kunye nefuthe localucalulo?
Ubuhlanga bamaziko yingxaki echaphazela abantu kunye noluntu. Ukusuka kwingqesho ukuya kwimfundo, ukhathalelo lwempilo ukuya kwizindlu, ubuhlanga kumaziko yonke indawo.
Abantu abaninzi abantsundu baye bavaleleka kudidi oluthile lwentlalo ngemigaqo eyenziwe ngabo bangenamdla entliziyweni yabo. Asikwazi ukwenza ngathi ubuhlanga obucwangcisiweyo abukho kwaye ingengomba woluntu.
Ikhona kwaye yasekwa njengeziko lokungaququzeleli uluntu oluNtsundu.
Yintoni Ubuhlanga BamaZiko?
Ubuhlanga bamaziko okanye ubuhlanga obucwangcisiweyo kukuqhuba kocalucalulo ngokobuhlanga ngamaziko ezoqoqosho, ezopolitiko, okanye asemthethweni kunye neenkqubo.
Ukuba nomkhethe kwabanye abantu ngokobuhlanga babo akukho nto xa kuthelekiswa nobuhlanga obucwangcisiweyo. Ngelixa ubuhlanga phakathi kwabantu bubonakaliswa kucalucalulo lwethu kwabanye, ubuhlanga bamaziko kwelinye icala buzinziswe kubume boluntu.
Ucalucalulo olucwangcisiweyo lubangela ukuba abantu beentlanga ezahlukeneyo bafumane iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumathuba.
Umzekelo, ukuba umphathi oMhlophe ugqiba ekubeni angamqeshi umntu ontsundu kuba ecinga ukuba abantu abantsundu abasebenzi nzima njengabanye abantu, oko kuchazwa njengocalucalulo phakathi kwabantu.
Ukuba umgaqo-nkqubo wenkampani ayikokuthathela ingqalelo abafaki-zicelo bemisebenzi abasuka kwisikolo esithile esingafumani nkxaso-mali yaneleyo kwaye uninzi lwabamnyama, yiloo nto esiyibiza ngokuba lucalucalulo lwamaziko.
Ucalucalulo lwamaziko lwenzeka xa ucalucalulo lobuhlanga lungeniswa kwiqela lentlalontle.
Ucalucalulo lwamaziko luyenzeka nakwinqanaba lomntu. Thatha indawo yokusebenzela umzekelo ethatha isigqibo sokwenza imithetho ethintela iinwele ezithile zase-Afrika-Amerika.
Funda kwakhona: Iitshekhi kunye neMizekeliso yokulinganisa (Iingcebiso kubafundi)
Imizekelo yoCalucalulo lwamaZiko
Uluntu oluNtsundu alunikwa isabelo esifanelekileyo okanye ithuba elilinganayo elilufaneleyo. Ubuhlanga bamaziko buphantse bafike kuyo yonke indawo onokucinga ngayo.
Education
Inkxaso-mali yesikolo esekelwe kumaxabiso epropathi neerhafu zendawo yokuhlala ikhokelele ekuboneleleni ngenkxaso-mali kwezikolo ikakhulu zabantsundu.
Ngokutsho kwenqaku (Ukuqonda ucalucalulo olusisiseko, jonga kwizikolo zethu) epapashwe kwi I Seattle Times, abafundi abamnyama kusenokwenzeka ukuba bafumane amanqaku asezantsi kwizibalo ezisemgangathweni kunye novavanyo lwesiNgesi kunamanye amaqela.
Abafundi abaNtsundu abamelwanga ngokwaneleyo kwizifundo eziphambili kwaye banqabile ukuba babe notitshala, inqununu, okanye umcebisi ofana nabo xa kuthelekiswa nabafundi abamhlophe.
Abantwana abasaqala isikolo abantsundu banamathuba aphindwe ka-3.6 okufumana ukunqunyanyiswa kokuphuma esikolweni kube kanye kunabamhlophe.
impilo
Inkqubo yokhathalelo lwempilo ngomnye wemizekelo yocalulo lwamaziko eluntwini.
Iingxelo ezivela kwi-American Academy of Family Physicians zibonisa ukuba inkqubo yezempilo yase-United States iyabacalula abantu bebala.
Amaziko okhathalelo lwempilo kulo lonke elase-United States anceda abantu abantsundu abaxhaswa ngemali kwaye awanazinto ezithile. Bakwaswele abaqeqeshi bezempilo.
Ngokwezibalo, abafazi abamnyama baseUnited States banamathuba angama-4 okufa ngelixa bebeletha kunabafazi abamhlophe. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kofikelelo kukhathalelo lwempilo yaphambi kokubeleka kunye nomkhethe ngokobuhlanga, umngcipheko wokusweleka koomama uyakhula, uphando lucebisa.
Ubhubhani we-COVID-19 uqaqambise ukungalingani kwinkqubo yezempilo e-United States njengoko usulelo oluninzi kunye nokufa kwarekhodwa phakathi kwabancinci. Amaqela amancinane e-United States ayenofikelelo oluncinane okanye angabikho kwaphela ukuze avavanyelwe intsholongwane.
Funda kwakhona: Imizekelo ye-11 yeMonopoly yeNdalo (Iingcebiso kubafundi)
Umthetho kunye nobuPolisa
Ngaphambi kwe21st kwinkulungwane, abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika baye baphathwa kakubi ngamapolisa. INkqubo yoBulungisa boLwaphulo-mthetho eUnited States ibikhe yatyekela kubantu abantsundu ngaphambili ngoku.
Ngo-1944, umntwana wase-Afrika-waseMelika ogama linguGeorge Junius Stinney Jr wabulawa ngusihlalo wombane ngokubulala uBetty June Binnicker noMary Emma Thames.
Le nkwenkwana yayineminyaka eli-14 kuphela ngexesha awabulawa ngalo, nto leyo eyayimenza ukuba abe ngoyena mncinane waseMelika owabulawa kwimbali yelizwe.
Omnye umntwana oneminyaka eli-14 ubudala wase-Afrika-waseMelika, u-Emmett Till waxhwilwa, wangcungcuthekiswa, waza wabulawa eMississippi. Le ntombazana ineminyaka eli-14 ubudala yatyholwa ngokukhubekisa inenekazi elimhlophe kwivenkile yokutya yakowabo.
Amadoda athimba, angcungcuthekisa, aze abulala u-Emmet Till akazange agwetywe ngenxa yamatyala abo.
Ngokwezibalo, abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika banamathuba amahlanu okuba bamiswe ngamapolisa kunabantu abamhlophe. Abantu abantsundu eUnited States badla ngokuchazwa ngamapolisa.
Nkqu namapolisa amnyama angekhoyo emsebenzini aye achazwa ngokobuhlanga ebumelwaneni babo, nokuba ulilungu lomthetho.
Inkohlakalo yamapolisa yingxaki eMelika kwaye xa abadlali abantsundu bethetha ngokuchasene nayo, bagxothwa kwi-NFL.
Abaqhankqalazi abantsundu badla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngootsotsi ngamajelo eendaba. Kodwa xa ibandakanya abantu abamhlophe, amajelo eendaba ayibiza ngokuba yi-“Mass Demonstration”.
Ngenxa yenkohlakalo yamapolisa, abantu base-Afrika-baseMelika bajongene nomngcipheko weziphumo zempilo ezimbi ezifana;
- Ukufa ngenxa yokwenzakala okubangelwa ngamapolisa asekuhlaleni okanye karhulumente
- Ukuvalelwa kwabantu abaninzi kunye nokubanjwa ngokungafanelekanga
- Umothuko noxinzelelo olubangelwa bubundlavini bamapolisa
- Iingxaki zempilo ezithanda ukonyusa umngcipheko wokufa
ZeZindlu
Apho umntwana ahlala khona kunye nemeko yaloo ngingqi inefuthe ekukhuleni kwakhe kwaye iya kuba nefuthe kwisiphumo sempilo yabo.
Ucalucalulo lwamaziko eUnited States lunempembelelo kuluntu lwabantsundu.
Isenzo sembali 'sokwenziwa ngokutsha' ngumzekelo oqhelekileyo wocalucalulo lwamaziko. I-Redlining yaba ngumba xa iibhanki zisala ukuboleka imali yokubambisa kwiindawo ezimnyama nakwiindawo zabebala.
Isizathu sabo sokungaboleki imali yezindlu zokuhlala kwezo ndawo sikukuba ziyingozi.
Ngokweengxelo zowama-2022, abantu abamnyama babengaphaya kwama-40% amathuba okuba babe ngamakhaya abo xa kuthelekiswa nabamhlophe baseMelika. Kwakhona, iingxelo ezifunyenwe yi-Urban Institution ngo-2017 zibonisa ukuba ubunikazi bezindlu kumakhaya amhlophe aseMelika bungama-71%, ngelixa amakhaya amnyama ayengama-41%.
Funda kwakhona: Abantu baseJamani abali-11 beempawu zoMzimba kunye neempawu zomNgqo
ipolitiki
Ubuhlanga bamaziko bukhona nakwizopolitiko zase-US. Ngo-2020 ngexesha lonyulo jikelele eMelika, iivoti zabavoti abamnyama zaliwe ngaphezulu kwezihlandlo ezithathu eNorth Carolina xa kuthelekiswa nabavoti abamhlophe.
I-Gerrymandering lolunye uhlobo localucalulo lwamaziko kwezopolitiko. Imisela izithili zonyulo ezithatha isigqibo ngeziphumo zonyulo lukarhulumente kunye nolonyulo jikelele.
Umzekelo, kukho ummeli ovela kuzo zonke izithili zase-United States. Idatha yoBalo lwabantu, ehlala iqokelelwa ngurhulumente wase-US rhoqo kwishumi leminyaka inefuthe kuthintelo kwakhona.
Ukuxhatshazwa ngokobuhlanga kwenzeka xa abantu abasegunyeni bethatha isigqibo sokulungisa imida yesithili.
ezezimali
Ukucalula iqela elincinane ngokwezoqoqosho kuthelekiseka nobuhlanga phakathi kwabantu.
Umzekelo, igosa lemali-mboleko yeshishini linokufuna bonke abafaki-zicelo base-Afrika-baseMelika ukuba babonise amanqaku aphezulu etyala kunye namanqanaba engeniso kunabamhlophe baseMelika.
Ukuba ucalucalulo olunjalo luba yindumasi kwezemali, luba ngomnye wemizekelo yobuhlanga bamaziko.
Ngokophando olwenziwa yi-National Fair Alliance ngo-2018, kukho ucalucalulo oluthile lwezoqoqosho kwiimali mboleko zemoto. Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba abantu bemibala ngeba bahlawule umndilili we-2,266.56 yeedola ngaphezulu kubomi bemali-mboleko kunabafaki-zicelo abamhlophe baseMelika abancinci.
Uphando lukwaveze ukuba abafaki-zicelo abamhlophe babonelelwa ngeendlela ezininzi zokuxhasa ngemali xa kuthelekiswa nabantu bebala.
isiphelo
Ubuhlanga bamaziko buthwaxa uluntu namhlanje. Kukho umahluko phakathi kobuhlanga phakathi kwabantu kunye nobuhlanga bamaziko. Le yokugqibela yingxaki kuluntu oluninzi kungekuphela nje eUnited States.
Iza kuyeka nini, amaziko aza kwenza njani imigaqo-nkqubo eza kuxhamlisa amaqela amancinane?
izindululo
- I-12 yabantu baseWales Iimpawu zoMzimba kunye neempawu
- Uludwe lweMizekelo yoBulungisa beNtlalo (Iingcebiso kubafundi)
- I-10 yabantu baseFransi Iimpawu zoMzimba kunye neempawu
- Ziziphi iiNgcaciso zeNtlalo? (Iingcebiso kubafundi)
- Yeyiphi iMizekeliso yeSimo esiphunyeziweyo? (Iingcebiso kubafundi)
Ucaphulo
- Study.com: Yintoni uCalucalulo lwamaZiko?
- Health.com: Imizekelo yoCalucalulo lwaMaziko: Iyintoni na kunye nento onokuyenza
- Healthafers: Ubuhlanga obucwangcisiweyo kunye noLwakhiwo: Iingcaciso, imizekelo, ukonakala kwempilo, kunye neendlela zokudilizwa.
- Amaxesha eSeattle: Ukuqonda ucalucalulo lolwakhiwo, jonga kwizikolo zethu
Shiya iMpendulo