Ukwenza iifilimu ezizimeleyo kuyindlela enhle kubantu abenza iifilimu okokuqala okanye abo banesabelomali esincinci. Kodwa, kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba kutheni abanye abantu bekhetha ukwenza iifilimu ngokuzimeleyo, endaweni yokusebenza ngaphakathi kwesitudiyo esikhulu semovie. Ifilimu eZimeleyo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba “yifilimu ye-indie,” inika umdali ulawulo olungakumbi kumxholo, ilizwi, kunye nesimbo semuvi.
Ekubeni kungekho mali eninzi kunye nabantu abambalwa kwiqela, abenzi befilimu be-indie banokubandakanyeka ngakumbi kuzo zonke iinkalo zokwenza iifilimu zabo. Oku kubenza babe nenkululeko engakumbi yokubalisa ibali abanalo engqondweni.
Ngamagama alula, ukwenza ifilimu ngokuzimeleyo kufana nendlela yokwenza iifilimu, apho umdali unamandla okwenza izigqibo malunga nento engena kwifilimu. Isenokungabi nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu lweefilimu zesitudiyo, kodwa inika ithuba elikhethekileyo kubenzi befilimu ukuba baziveze kwaye benze into yobuqu nenentsingiselo.
Yintoni ifilimu ye-Indie?
Ifilimu ye-indie yimuvi, nokuba mfutshane okanye imbonakalo-ubude, eyenziwe ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwezitudiyo ezinkulu okanye iinkampani ezinkulu zemveliso. Ezi filimu ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe ngezibonelelo zemali ezilinganiselweyo, ukusuka kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluncinci lwamawaka ambalwa eedola (eyaziwa ngokuba yi "micro-budget") ukuya kwizigidi ezimbalwa zeedola. Umzekelo, Iprojekthi yeBlair Witch (1999), elawulwa nguEduardo Sánchez kunye noDaniel Myrick, yenziwe ngebhajethi ejikeleze i-60,000 yeedola. Okuchasene, UJason Reitman's Juno (2007) wayenohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-6.5 yezigidi, kwaye uDanny Boyle's Slumdog Millionaire (2008) wayenohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-15 yezigidi-kodwa zonke ezi filimu ziwela phantsi kwecandelo leefilimu ezizimeleyo.
Ukwenza ifilimu ye-Indie kuvumela abalawuli ukuba baphonononge imibono yokuyila kunye namabali awodwa ngaphandle kwemiqobo yempembelelo enkulu yesitudiyo. Ibonelela ngeqonga lentengiselwano yobugcisa kunye neengxelo ezahlukeneyo, ezihlala zitsala abaphulaphuli abakuxabisayo ukubaliswa kwamabali okutsha nokungaqhelekanga. Nangona imingeni ehambelana nenkxaso-mali encinci, iifilimu ze-indie ziye zafumana ukuqatshelwa ngokukwazi kwabo ukuhambisa umxholo onyanzelisayo kunye ocingayo.
Iingqwalasela eziphambili zokwenziwa komboniso bhanyabhanya we-Indie
Ukuvelisa ifilimu ezimeleyo kubandakanya iingqwalasela ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu impumelelo yeprojekthi yakho. Ngaphambi kokuntywila kwihlabathi lefilimu ezimeleyo, kubalulekile ukuvavanya ngononophelo le miba ilandelayo:
1. Ukuyila iSikripthi esiQhelekileyo:
Isiseko sayo nayiphi na ifilimu ezimeleyo ilele kwisikripthi sayo. Nokuba ukhetha ifilim oza kuyivelisa ngokuzimeleyo okanye uzenzele ibali, iskripthi siseta ithoni yeprojekthi yakho. Ngelixa iifilimu ze-indie zibonelela abadali ngolawulo ngakumbi kumxholo wabo xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso yesitudiyo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela imida.
Amabali afuna iziphumo ezizodwa ezibanzi, iindawo ezininzi ezikude, okanye imifanekiso entsonkothileyo eyenziwe ngekhompyutha (CGI) isenokungafanelanga abenzi befilimu abazimeleyo, ngakumbi abo bangena kwifilimu yabo yokuqala.
2. Ukumisela uHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lweMveliso:
Ukuqonda imiba yezemali kubaluleke kakhulu. Vavanya ukuba yimalini na ifilimu yakho efuna ukuveliswa kunye nokuba yimalini na onokuthi ube negalelo kuyo. Ukuba uswele umvelisi wezezimali okanye inkxaso evela kwi-studio ezimeleyo, ukufumana imali kuba ngumsebenzi onzima.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali akufunekanga luhlawule iindleko zemveliso kuphela kodwa kwaneendleko zophuhliso lwaphambi kwemveliso, i-inshurensi yemveliso, kunye nemveliso yasemva kwemveliso, apho ukuhlelwa kunye nokuxubana kwesandi kwenzeka. Ukuphonononga iindlela zenkxaso-mali ezinjengokufuna inkxaso kusapho kunye nabahlobo okanye ukusebenzisa amaqonga okuxhasa abantu abaninzi njengeKickstarter okanye i-Indiegogo kunokuba luncedo.
Funda kwakhona: Yintoni Umboniso kwifilimu? Indlela Yokubhala Inkcazo
3. IziGqibo zokuCaba ngoCwangciso:
Ngokungafaniyo nemveliso yesitudiyo exhomekeke kubadlali abasele bemiselwe ukuthengisa, abenzi befilimu abazimeleyo kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo ngononophelo ukhetho lokuphosa phakathi kwemiqobo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ngelixa abadlali bamagama amakhulu bephucula umdla wefilimu, beza nethegi yexabiso elikhulu. Vavanya ukubaluleka kwendima nganye kwaye uphephe ukuchitha ngaphezulu koonobumba abancinci ngenjongo yokuqondwa kwamagama kuphela. Endaweni yoko, yabela izibonelelo kubadlali abaphakamisa iqonga lilonke.
Ukukhangela italente kunokwenzeka kwiisetingi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiiklabhu eziphucukileyo kunye neziganeko zokubalisa amabali ukuya kwiifowuni ezivulekileyo ze-intanethi, ukunika amathuba okufumana abadlali abanezakhono ngaphandle kokugqithisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho.
Uyenza njani eyakho ifilimu ye-Indie: ISikhokelo senyathelo ngalinye
Ukwenza imuvi ezimeleyo ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezininzi zaseHollywood kunokuba ngumngeni kodwa unomvuzo.
Kweli candelo leli nqaku, siza kukuhamba ngenkqubo yokwenza eyakho ifilimu ye-indie, ukusuka ekufumaneni iskripthi esifanelekileyo ukuyibonisa kwiminyhadala yefilimu. Ngelixa izitudiyo zaseHollywood zinamaqela abanzi, imveliso yakho ye-indie iya kuxhomekeka kuwe kunye neqela elilinganiselweyo, ukuguqula ukwenza ifilim yebhajethi ibe yinto yokuzenzela (DIY) adventure.
1. Bhala iSikripthi sakho
Yonke ifilimu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ibhajethi, isuka kwiscript. Qinisekisa ukuba uluvo lwakho luhambelana nemiqobo yemveliso yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluphantsi. Umzekelo, ukukhetha ifilimu yentsomi yesayensi eneziphumo ezibanzi, imvelaphi entsonkothileyo, kunye ne-makeup ecacileyo isenokungabi lolona khetho lusebenzayo kwifilimu yokuqala ezimeleyo. Ukuba ungumbhali wesikrini, cinga ngezigqibo zokuyila ezifana nohlobo, ukubalwa kwabalinganiswa, kunye nokusetha.
Ukulungelelanisa ibali lakho ukuze libe neendleko kuya kuba luncedo kwixesha elide. Qwalasela le miba njengoko uphengulula kwihlabathi lokwenza ifilimu kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali oluphantsi, uvula indlela yelinge le-cinematic eliyimpumelelo kunye nohlahlo-lwabiwo mali.
2. Lawula ibhajethi yakho yefilimu
Nje ukuba uphuhlise ibali lakho, bala iindleko ezibandakanyekayo. Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho luya kuba nefuthe ekukhetheni iqela lakho kunye nabasebenzi, ukufunyanwa kwezixhobo, ukukhusela iindawo, ukufumana iimvume, kunye nokusingatha imisebenzi yasemva kwemveliso. Nokuba uthatha iindima ezininzi njengombhali, umlawuli, kunye nomdlali ophambili, kubalulekile ukuba ucele inkxaso yabantu abambalwa abanamava, ngakumbi abo baqhelene noluhlu lwakho lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Ukusebenzisana nezi ngcali kuya kuluphucula uhambo lwakho lokwenza iifilimu. Ukuqonda ulwabiwo lwemali kwisebe ngalinye kwenza kube lula ukubeka iliso kwimali yemveliso, kuthintele ukuba ungagqithisi kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselweyo. Ngokucwangcisa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho kwangaphambili, ubeka isiseko senkqubo yokwenza ifilimu egudileyo nelawulwa ngakumbi.
3. Yakha Iqela Lakho
Hlanganisa abasebenzi bakho ngokuchonga iindima eziphambili kwimveliso yakho kwaye ubeke phambili ukuzaliseka kwazo.
Ukuba uthatha indima yomlawuli, ngakumbi ukuba linyathelo lakho lokuqala, cinga ngokuqesha umzobi wemiboniso bhanyabhanya onamava, owaziwa ngokuba ngumlawuli wokufota (DP). I-DP enobuchule eqondayo umbono wakho wokudala kwaye inokulawula ikhamera, ukukhanya, kunye neminye imiba yobugcisa ayigcini nje ukwandisa ixabiso lemveliso-ukuphucula imbonakalo yonke yefilimu-kodwa iphinda ilungelelanise inkqubo, ikuvumela ukuba ugxininise kwezinye iimbopheleleko.
Intsebenziswano esebenzayo kwezi ndima zibalulekileyo iqinisekisa amava okwenziwa kweefilim agudileyo nanempumelelo ngakumbi.
4. Fumana iCast yakho
Xa uhlanganisa iqonga lakho, qwalasela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olusezantsi olukhoyo kubadlali abafanelekileyo kwiScreen Actors Guild (SAG). Nangona ziyonga iindleko, ezi zivumelwano zibandakanya iindleko. Ngokwemiqathango yohlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluphantsi lwe-SAG-AFTRA, abadlali bahlawulwa ngexabiso lemihla ngemihla le-125 yeedola. Nangona oku kunokubonakala kuthozamile, ukudubula ngaphezu kweentsuku ezisibhozo kuqokelela kwi-1,000 yeedola. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba imali eyongezelelweyo ibalulekile kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwakho ukuze uhlawule abanye abathathi-nxaxheba abafunekayo kunye neemali ezingalindelekanga xa kukho ixesha elongezelelweyo.
Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwezemali, jonga iindawo ezinokubakho zabadlali. Le ndlela yokwenza izinto inokuba negalelo elikhulu ekulawuleni iindleko kunye nokuqinisekisa imveliso eyimpumelelo phakathi kwemiqobo yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Funda kwakhona: Izikolo ezi-15 eziBalaseleyo zeFilimu eTexas
5. Lungiselela iiNtsuku zeFilimu
Lungiselela iintsuku zakho zokudubula ngokudala isikhokelo sokuvelisa. Esi sikhokelo kufuneka siquke uluhlu lwezithonga, ubume bendawo, iinkcukacha zabalinganiswa, ishedyuli, kunye naluphi na ulwazi olubalulekileyo lokudubula kwakho. Ukongeza, yiba nesicwangciso sokugcina xa kukho izithintelo, njengokuphulukana nendawo okanye imeko yemozulu engalunganga echaphazela imiboniso yangaphandle. Zonke iimveliso zefilimu zihlangabezana nemingeni, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba ulungele iimeko ezingalindelekanga.
Ukuba umbhalo wakho ubandakanya iimeko zemozulu ezithile, cinga ukusebenzisa izinto zendalo ngokuthanda kwakho. Kunokusebenzisa izixhobo ezibiza imali eninzi njengoomatshini bemvula, cwangcisa ukwenza ifilimu ngexesha lemvula yokwenyani. Soloko ulindele iimeko ezimbi kakhulu kwaye ucinge ngokuyilayo malunga nendlela yokuguqula imiceli mngeni ibe yinzuzo ngexesha lokudubula kwakho. Le ndlela yokuthatha inyathelo iya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni inkqubo yokufota ngokutyibilikayo.
6. Nika Ingqalelo kwiPost-Production
Nika ingqalelo kwi-post-production - ingundoqo. Abahleli banamandla okuguqula ifilimu elungileyo ibe yeyona ibalaseleyo. Nokuba uzifote kakuhle kangakanani na iifilimu zakho, ngaphandle komhleli, azinamsebenzi.
Ukuba awuqhelananga nesoftware yokuhlela, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze ibhajethi yomhleli oyingcali. Uyilo lwesandi nalo lubalulekile. Ukuxubana kwesandi okungalunganga kunokwenza imuvi yakho ibonakale ingaqhelekanga, ngelixa uyilo lwesandi olugqwesileyo lunokuyiphakamisa, iyenze izive yobuchwephesha ngakumbi.
Imveliso yasemva kulapho umbono wakho ukhula khona, udibanisa zonke izinto ukuze wenze imveliso yokugqibela ekhazimlisiweyo. Musa ukulijongela phantsi eli nqanaba libalulekileyo; kulapho kwenzeka khona umlingo.
7. Ngena kwiMinyhadala yeFilimu ukuze ubonise iFilimu yakho eZimeleyo
Emva kokudubula kunye nokuhlela ifilimu yakho kunye nokufumana impendulo koontanga, lixesha lokwabelana nehlabathi. Iminyhadala yefilimu ibonelela ngeqonga lokuvezwa, kwaye ababalaseleyo njengeSundance okanye i-SXSW banokonyusa kakhulu ukubonakala kwefilimu yakho. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ukuya kule minyhadala kunokubandakanya iindleko zokuhamba ngaphandle kokuba ungowasekhaya.
Ngaphandle koku, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiminyhadala kwandisa amathuba okutsala umsasazi wefilimu. Ukukhusela umsasazi kubalulekile njengoko kuvula iingcango kubaphulaphuli abaninzi kwifilimu yakho ezimeleyo. Cinga ngokungenisa umsebenzi wakho kwiminyhadala eyahlukeneyo ukwandisa amathuba ayo okuqatshelwa kunye nempumelelo kushishino lwefilimu.
Shiya iMpendulo