Ukukhulisa umthi we-apula kufuna umonde kunye nenyameko. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izityalo, imithi yeziqhamo ayidli ngokuvelisa isiqhamo kwangaloo nyaka uyityalayo.
Ukukhulisa imithi yama-apile, uya kufuna ukukhanya kwelanga okuninzi kunye nomhlaba otsalwe kakuhle. Qinisekisa ukuba ukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwemozulu yakho kunye nodidi lomhlaba. Tyala umthi wakho ngononophelo, ulandele imiyalelo yesithuba nobunzulu.
Emva kokutyala, zilungiselele ukulinda. Ngokwendalo kuthatha iminyaka embalwa ukuba umthi wama-apile uvuthwe kwaye uvelise isiqhamo. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka unikeze ngononophelo olufanelekileyo njengokunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunye nokuthena.
Ngoku awuyeki nje ukukhathalela umthi wakho wama-apile xa uqalisa ukuthwala isiqhamo. Kufuneka uqhubeke nokunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ukufaka isichumisi, kunye nokugalela amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi. Kusenokufuneka usicuthe isiqhamo ukuze uqinisekise ama-apile amakhulu, akumgangatho ongcono.
Ngelixa kunokuthatha ixesha ukubona iziphumo, umvuzo wama-apile amatsha, akhule ekhaya wenza ukuba konke kuxabiseke. Ngononophelo olufanelekileyo kunye nengqalelo, umthi wakho we-apile unokubonelela ngesiqhamo esimnandi kwiminyaka ezayo.
Lingakanani iGumbi olidingayo ukuze ukhulise iMithi yeapile?
Ungalima umqolo wemithi yama-apile emincinci kwiindawo ezincinci. Ezi ntlobo zincinci zihlala zimalunga neemitha ezintandathu ubude kwaye zinokukhula kwiiplanti ezinkulu.
Ukuba unendawo eyongezelelekileyo yokutyala, cinga ngemithi yeziqhamo enesiqingatha esincinci, ekhula ukuya kubude obuziimitha ezili-10 ukuya kwi-15. Kungenjalo, imithi yeziqhamo ezinobungakanani obugcweleyo inokufikelela kubude beenyawo ezingama-20 nangaphezulu.
Ngelixa uceba indlela igadi yakho yomthi we-apula, qwalasela indawo ekhoyo kwaye ukhethe ubungakanani bomthi obufanelekileyo.
Imithi enqabileyo zilungele ngokwendalo iindawo ezixineneyo okanye ukulima izikhongozelo, ngelixa imithi ephakathi kunye nemigangatho ifuna indawo enkulu. Nokuba uneyadi yangasemva, ibalcony, okanye ipatio, kukho ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bomthi weapile kwindawo yakho.
Funda kwakhona: Ngaba Amapayina akhula emithini?
Uyikhulisa njani iApile eKhaya
Ngokwemvelo, imithi yeapile ikhula ngcono ngokuthe ngqo Iindawo zemozulu.
Uhlala kwenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokukhulisa imithi yeapile ukuba uhlala kwindawo 3-8. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo lomthi wama-apile oza kuwutyala luxhomekeke kwindawo okuyo.
Ukuba uhlala kwindawo ebandayo, njengemimandla ephakathi okanye esenyakatho, kukulungele ukutshala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo xa umhlaba uqala ukufudumala. Kodwa ukuba uhlala kwiindawo ezinobusika obupholileyo, ukutyala ekuqaleni kwekwindla / ekwindla nako kunokuphuma kakuhle.
Gqiba ukuba ungayityala phi imithi yakho yama-apile.
Imithi yama-apile iyachuma phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga nakwiindawo ezinendawo eyaneleyo. Nabo nabo kufuneka umhlaba ngumxube wezinto ezixubeneyo (ongekho santi kakhulu okanye ufana nodongwe kakhulu), nomhlaba ongena asidi kakhulu okanye onealkaline kakhulu. Ungajonga iimpawu zomhlaba wakho, njengokubumbeka kwawo kunye nenqanaba le-pH, ngokwenza uvavanyo lomhlaba. Ungafumana ikiti yovavanyo lomhlaba kwindawo yakho USDA Iofisi yolwandiso lwentsebenziswano ngomrhumo omncinci.
Olu vavanyo luya kukuxelela ukuba wenziwa ngantoni umhlaba wakho kwaye ukuba uneengxaki ezifana nokuba neasidi kakhulu okanye ukuswela izondlo ezithile. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiba, uvavanyo luya kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokuyilungisa. Ke, ngaphambi kokuba utyale imithi yakho yama-apile, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha indawo elungileyo enohlobo olululo lomhlaba.
Lungisa umhlaba wokutyala
Ukulungiselela indawo yakho yokutyala, qala ngokuyicoca kwiveki enye phambi kokuba ufake naziphi na izityalo. Susa nayiphi na inkunkuma okanye izityalo ezingafunwayo. Qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba ulungile – ukuba ufuna ukulungiswa, yenza oko ngoku. Kodwa lumka ungagaleli kakhulu isichumiso, kuba sinokuba namandla kakhulu kwiingcambu ezintsha.
Ngaphambi kokuba utyale nantoni na, thatha ixesha lokulungisa indawo. Oku kuthetha ukulahla nayiphi na inkunkuma okanye izityalo eziyingozi ongazifuniyo. Kwakhona, jonga umhlaba ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ulungele izityalo zakho ezitsha. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na imiba ngomhlaba, yilungise. Kodwa musa ukuphambana nesichumiso, kuba uninzi lwayo lunokuba lukhuni kakhulu kwiingcambu ezithambileyo zezityalo zakho. Imalunga nokunika izityalo zakho ikhaya elilungileyo nelitofotofo ukuze zikhule kulo!
Qala kwi-rootstocks
Ukukhulisa imithi ye-apula, kufuneka ufumane uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesiseko. Ngelixa ungaqala ukuzikhulisa ngaphakathi kwimbewu, kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba ezi zithole zikhule ngokwaneleyo ukuze zivelise isiqhamo - malunga ne-6 ukuya kwi-10 leminyaka. Endaweni yoko, unokuthenga i-rootstocks okanye imithi emincinci kwiziko legadi okanye i-nursery.
Ukuba uqala kwimbewu, kufuneka ulinde ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba umthi wakho unike nawaphi na ama-apile. Kodwa ukuba uthenga i-rootstocks okanye imithi emincinci, unokutsiba ukulinda ixesha elide. Ungazifumana ezi ndawo apho bathengisa khona izityalo nemithi, njengamaziko egadi okanye iindawo zokugcina izityalo. Kufana nokuthenga isiqalo esincinci somthi wakho wama-apile – sele usendleleni yokukhula kwaye womelele, kwaye uya kufumana ama-apile akho kwakamsinyane. Ngoko ke, luluvo olulungileyo ukukhangela le mithi mincinci ukuba unqwenela ukufumana isivuno sakho sama-apile ngaphandle kokulinda iminyaka.
Tyala iapile lakho
Ukutyala umthi wakho wama-apile, qalisa ngokumba umngxuma ophindwe kabini ububanzi njengeengcambu kunye nobunzulu obumalunga neemitha ezi-2. Qinisekisa ukuba umhlaba ojikeleze umngxuma ukhululekile. Sasaza iingcambu ngaphantsi komngxuma, kwaye ucinezele umhlaba ngobunono kwingcambu nganye ukususa iipokotho zomoya. Gcwalisa umngxuma ngomhlaba njengoko uhamba.
Ukuba utyala isiphunzi, qiniseka ukuba i-graft union (iqhuma elinyusiweyo) i-intshi ezi-2 ubuncinane ngaphezu komhlaba ongaphezulu. Kwimithi ekhuliswe kwi-container, ukuba i-rootball yomile, yifake emanzini iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphambi kokutyala. Oku kunceda iingcambu zilungelelanise ikhaya labo elitsha.
Khumbula, umngxuma wokutyala olungileyo, umhlaba ovulekileyo, ukubekwa ngokufanelekileyo komanyano lwegrafti, kunye nokucwiliswa kweengcambu zeengcambu ezomileyo kuya kunika umthi wakho wama-apile ithuba elingcono lokukhula womelele kwaye usempilweni.
Funda kwakhona: 18 Imithi yokhuni oluqinileyo kunye nendlela yokuchonga
Ubekwa njani isithuba kwiMithi ye-apile yokuKhula okuseMpilweni
Xa utyala imithi yama-apile, ukuba kude kangakanani omnye komnye kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba ukhulisa imithi yama-apile emikhulu, njengaleyo uyibona kwigadi yeziqhamo, kungcono ukuyinika indawo. Kufuneka utyale le mithi yobukhulu obupheleleyo malunga ne-15 ukuya kwi-18 yeenyawo ukusuka komnye nomnye. Lo mgama ubavumela ukuba bakhule ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokuxinana njengoko besiya besiba sikhulu.
Kodwa ukuba ujongene nemithi emincinci yama-apile, leyo engakhuli ibe mikhulu, njengaleyo yenziwe kwi-rootstock encinci, unokuyibeka kufutshane. Le mithi kufuneka ityalwe malunga neemitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezisi-8 ukuqelelana. Azidingi ndawo kuba aziyi kukhula zibe nde okanye zibe banzi njengemithi yama-apile emikhulu.
Ukunika imithi yakho yama-apile indawo eyaneleyo yokusabalalisa njengoko ikhula kubalulekile kwimpilo yabo. Ukuba zisondelelene kakhulu, zinokukhuphisana ngokukhanya kwelanga, amanzi kunye nezondlo emhlabeni. Olu khuphiswano lungenza imithi ibe buthathaka kwaye ibe sesichengeni sezifo kunye nezinambuzane. Ke, ngokuwahlukanisa ngokuchanekileyo, unika umthi ngamnye elona thuba lilungileyo lokuchuma kwaye uvelise ama-apile amnandi ukuze wonwabe.
Iingcebiso ezilula zokuNceda iMithi yakho yeapile ichume
Ukukhulisa imithi yama-apile ilula kuba bafuna nje ukhathalelo oluthile ukuze bachume.
Okokuqala, ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kubalulekile xa kuziwa ekukhuleni komthi we-apula. Ngoko ke, qinisekisa ukuba uyasinkcenkceshela rhoqo isityalo sakho.
Nangona kunjalo, kunqande ukunkcenkceshela umthi wakho wama-apile. Bathanda umhlaba ofumileyo kodwa otsalwe kakuhle, kwaye amanzi amaninzi anokukhokelela ekuboleni kweengcambu.
Okwesibini, nika imithi yakho emincinci inkxaso. Oku kubanceda baphuhlise amasebe omelele ukuthwala ubunzima besiqhamo kamva. Ungasebenzisa i-trellises okanye izithuba kwaye ulandele inkqubo yenkokheli ephakathi, okuthetha ukuba ne-trunk enye engundoqo kunye namasebe axhasayo kwicala ngalinye.
Ukutyala okuhamba kunye nako kubalulekile kwimithi yama-apile. Bafuna i-cross-pollination, ngaphandle kwezinye iintlobo zokuziphendulela. Ukutsala i-pollinators, tyala iintyatyambo ezinevumba elimnandi kufutshane.
Ungalibali ukwenza i-mulch. I-mulching inceda ukugcina umhlaba ufumile kwaye ilawula ubushushu. Khumbula nje ukuyisusa emva kokuvuna ukuthintela iimpuku ukuba zingenzakali ngexesha lasebusika.
Ukuthena lelinye inyathelo eliphambili. Ngelixa ungadingi ukuthena kakhulu, ukususa amasebe afileyo okanye aphukileyo kubalulekile. Ukuthenwa minyaka le kukhuthaza ukuhamba kakuhle komoya, kunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo.
Okokugqibela, lawula izitshabalalisi. Nangona eminye imithi yama-apile ixhathisa, isenokujongana nezisongelo ezifana nomlilo, iimpethu ze-apile, kunye nezifo zokungunda. Iqabane lokutyala linokuzigxotha izinambuzane, yaye imigibe okanye izibulali-zinambuzane zisenokufuneka ukuze zikhuseleke kwizinambuzane ezithile.
Landela ezi ngcebiso zilula, kwaye imithi yakho yama-apile iya kukubulela ngesivuno esikhulu!
Ngaphaya koko, Ukuvuna ama-apile kulula, kwaye kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo. Ungayenza ukususela ekupheleni kwehlobo ukuya ekwindla. Khetha ixesha apho ama-apile anombala otyebileyo wohlobo lwawo. Ukuzincothula, ziphe nje i-twist encinci, kwaye kufuneka zisuke kwisiqu ngokulula.
Musa ukuvumela ii-apile ezivuthiweyo okanye ezithambileyo zichithe. Kunoko, zisebenzise ekhitshini! Ziguqule zibe yi-appleauce, icompotes, okanye ibhotolo yeapile, okanye wenze ubuchule kunye nezinye iiresiphi.
Shiya iMpendulo