Abanye abantu abafuna ukubhalisa uqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo abayazi into okanye ngubani umqhubi wezorhwebo, okanye uxanduva oluvela ekubeni ngumqhubi wezorhwebo. Ucinga ukuba umntu ongumqhubi wenqwelo-moya ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya. Ngelixa kuyinyani ukuba umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ungumqhubi wenqwelo-moya ngokwenene, okuchaseneyo akusoloko kunjalo: umqhubi wezorhwebo akanguye umqhubi wenqwelo-moya. Hlala Iqela Elinolwazi ulungiselele eli nqaku ukukunceda ukuba uzilungiselele ngolwazi oluchanekileyo malunga nendlela yokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya; Uqeqesho olubandakanyekayo, kwaye yintoni omele ulindele ukuba ibe yindleko yakho uqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo kunye nokufumana ilayisenisi okanye isatifikethi sakho.
Abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya banokuba ngabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, abaqhubi beenqwelomoya, okanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, kwaye ukuba ufuna ukuba ngumqhubi weenqwelo-moya onelayisenisi, ke, olu luxanduva lwakho. Basenokuba ngabahlohli benqwelo-moya, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya, okanye abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya ungomnye we-FAA- Ulawulo lweeNkampani zoLawulo lweeAviation ikuvumela ukuba uhlawule imali ngeenkonzo. Ukuze ubhabhe inkonzo yomkhweli ecwangcisiweyo eqhelekileyo okanye inqwelomoya, kufuneka ufumane iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zale misebenzi ikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, umqhubi wenqwelo-moya kufuneka abe nesatifikethi sokulinga urhwebo kunye nesatifikethi sezothutho lomoya (ATP) kwaye asebenzele inqwelomoya eqhelekileyo okanye umqhubi oqinisekisiweyo ukuba aqokelele okanye abize imali.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ngumqhubi wenqwelo moya wezoRhwebo?
Ukubhabha njengomqhubi wenqwelo-moya yorhwebo emva kokuba uluthathile uqeqesho, udinga iiyure eziyi-1,500 zamava, ezinokukubiza iminyaka emibini. Iinkqubo ze-ATP ezikhawulezayo zoqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo zibonelela ngeshedyuli ecwangcisiweyo kwaye zifinyeze ixesha elifunekayo ukuze ufumane amava kunye nokuhlangabezana neemfuno. Fumana uqeqesho, iziqinisekiso, kunye namaxesha okubhabha okufuneka uqalise umsebenzi wakho wokuqhuba inqwelomoya ngokukhawuleza. Xa ubukhulu buza kuqala, nge-ATP Flight School ungafika apho kuqala
Funda kwakhona: Unokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya onesidanga okanye ungenaso
Ngubani uPilot onelayisensi yoRhwebo?
Ngokubanzi, abaqhubi beenqwelo-moya banoxanduva lokulawula inqwelomoya. Ukongeza kwiinqwelomoya ezicwangcisiweyo, iinqwelomoya ezihlawulelwayo, iinqwelo-moya zikaxakeka, imisebenzi yokuhlangula, kunye neziduli zezityalo nazo zinokubhabha. Imisebenzi yomqhubi wenqwelo-moya onomsindo iquka ukuqinisekisa ukuba inqwelo-moya ihambisa ubunzima obulungeleleneyo, ukunxibelelana nolawulo lweenqwelo-moya, ukusebenza nokulawulwa kweenqwelo-moya, imiqondiso yokubeka iliso, ukuhamba kwenqwelo-moya, yaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukwenza amanyathelo angxamisekileyo.
Zithini iindleko zoqeqesho njengolingelo lwezorhwebo?
Kwi-2017, iindleko zoqeqesho lomqhubi wezorhwebo ziphakathi kwe-£ 40,000 kunye ne-£ 120,000. Iindleko zoqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo luxhomekeke kwisikolo sokubhabha oqeqeshelwa kuso kunye nohlobo loqeqesho olwenzayo. Uninzi lweenqwelomoya okwangoku zihlawulisa umfundi iindleko zoqeqesho.
Ikhosi yenqwelomoya yorhwebo yexesha elizeleyo (ekubhekiswa kuyo njengekhosi edibeneyo) kwisikolo senqwelomoya saseYurophu sixabisa ngaphezulu kwe-£ 80,000 ukuya malunga ne-£ 120,000.
Uqeqesho lwexeshana okanye ikhosi kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo yoqeqesho lokubhabha (ekubhekiswa kuyo njengoqeqesho lwemodyuli) iqala phakathi kwe-£ 40,000 kunye ne-£ 60,000.
Iindleko zoqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo ziyahluka kumazwe ehlabathi. kubalulekile ukuba ufumanise malunga neendleko zoqeqesho lwabaqhubi beenqwelo moya kwingingqi yakho.
Uqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo (Ungaba ngumqhubi wentengiso)
Ukuba unomdla wokuba ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya, musa ukoyikiswa ziimbono zoqeqesho lomqhubi wenqwelomoya. Uqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo alunakwenziwa ngokubanzi ngejethi, nangona lunokwenzeka. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi bafumana ilayisenisi yokuqhuba ishishini kwinqwelo-moya enye ababeyisebenzisa ukuze bagqibezele isatifiketi sabo sokuqhuba sabucala kwinqwelo-moya encinane enezihlalo ezine. Umahluko ophambili kukuba abafundi kufuneka bafumane iiyure ze-flight ze-10 kwinqwelomoya esebenza kakhulu kwisatifikethi sorhwebo okanye ilayisenisi. Abanye ke ngoko bakhetha lonke uqeqesho kwinqwelomoya esebenza kakhulu.
UQeqesho oludityanisiweyo lweFlight
Uqeqesho oludityanisiweyo lokubhabha lubhekisa kwikhosi yorhwebo lwexesha elizeleyo lokubhabha apho lonke uqeqesho lunikezelwa ngumbutho ofanayo woqeqesho olulodwa lokubhabha. Abafundi abagqibezela uqeqesho lwenqwelomoya oludityanisiweyo banokugqiba ikhosi ngeeyure ezimbalwa zokubhabha kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukuba basigqibe ngendlela eyimodyuli. Ikhosi edibeneyo yexesha elizeleyo idla ngokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezili-14 nezili-18, kodwa kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nenkqubela phambili eyanelisayo yabafundi kwisigaba ngasinye.
Izinto eziluncedo zoQeqesho oluDityanisiweyo:
- Le yeyona ndlela ikhawulezayo yokugqiba uqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha (iinyanga ezili-14-18).
- Umgangatho ophezulu woqeqesho olunzulu.
- Iinqwelomoya ezininzi ngokwesiko zikhetha abafundi abaqeqeshwe kwiikhosi zoqeqesho ezidibeneyo.
- Izikolo ezininzi zeenqwelomoya ezidibeneyo zigcina ubudlelwane obuhle kunye neenqwelo-moya kwaye zinenkqubo yokucebisa.
- Ezinye iinqwelomoya zibonelela ngeenkqubo zoqeqesho zabacebisi ezibonelela ngofikelelo olukhawulezayo emsebenzini emva kokugqiba uqeqesho lwabo.
- Iiyure zokubhabha ezisezantsi ziyafuneka ukufumana i-CPL / IR yakho
UQeqesho ngeFlight ngeModyuli
Uqeqesho lokubhabha ngemodyuli lubhekisa ekuphunyezweni kancinci kancinci koqeqesho lwakho lokubhabha. Unokwenza uqeqesho ngesantya sakho ngokwendlela ixesha lakho elisimahla kunye nemali elikuvumela ngayo. Idla ngokuba nexabiso eliphantsi kunoqeqesho oluhlanganisiweyo kwaye ikunika ukuguquguquka okuphezulu.
Ngesiqhelo, ulandela imodyuli yakho yoqeqesho lokubhabha ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Ilayisensi yokulinga yabucala (PPL)
- ILayisenisi yokuQhuba iinqwelomoya (ATPL)
- IiMviwo zethiyori
- Ukwakhiwa kweyure
- Ilayisensi yokulinga yoRhwebo
- Ukulinganiswa kwezixhobo
- Ikhosi yeNtsebenziswano yabasebenzi abaninzi
IiNzuzo zoQeqesho lweFlight ngeModyuli
- Le yeyona ndlela inoqoqosho kakhulu yokufumana ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba ishishini.
- Ungayihlawulela ekuhambeni ngaphandle kwesidingo semirhumo emikhulu yangaphambili
- Ungawugqiba ngexesha lakho, usawugcina umsebenzi wakho osisigxina
UQeqesho lokuLinga uRhwebo ngeNyathelo
Ngoku kubonakala ngathi wenze isigqibo sokuba ube ngumqhubi wenqwelomoya wezorhwebo, kwaye sele uqhelane neendleko, sivumele ukuba sikuxelele ngamanyathelo ekufuneka uwagqibe, ngaphambi kokuba ube kwaye ubizwe ngokuba “nguMqali wezorhwebo”
1. Zazi iiMfuno zokuLungela
Abafake izicelo zoqeqesho lokulinga urhwebo kufuneka babe neminyaka eli-18 ubuncinci, bakwazi ukufunda, ukuthetha, ukubhala nokuqonda isiNgesi kwaye babe nesatifikethi sokulingwa sabucala. Esona sizathu siqhelekileyo sokuba kutheni abantu bengenakuqalisa uqeqesho lwabo lokulinga urhwebo kukunqongophala kwamava. Umqhubi wenqwelo-moya udinga ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-250 ukuze afumane ilayisensi yokulinga yorhwebo.
2. Fumana iSatifikethi soNyango seKlasi yesi-2
Kuba kufuneka ube nesatifikethi somqhubi wenqwelomoya yabucala ukuze uqalise uqeqesho lwezorhwebo, mhlawumbi sele unaso isatifikethi sonyango lwenqwelomoya. Ukuba usisiqinisekiso sonyango sodidi lwesithathu, unokufuna ukufumana isiqinisekiso sonyango sodidi lwesibini. Udinga ubuncinane isiqinisekiso sonyango lwesibini ukuze usebenzise ilayisenisi yakho yokuqhuba ishishini, kwaye akukho nto imbi ngaphezu kokuqonda ukuba awukwazi ukuphumelela uvavanyo lwezonyango lweklasi yesibini ukuba ulugqibile uqeqesho lwakho lwezorhwebo.
3. Thatha uViwo lweFAA oluBhaliweyo
Njengakwilayisenisi yokuqhuba yabucala kunye nesatifikethi, ungathanda ukufumana uviwo olubhaliweyo ekuqaleni koqeqesho lwakho lokulinga urhwebo. Ngale ndlela, sele unolwazi olongezelelweyo engqondweni, kwaye oku kusebenza njengohlaziyo xa ukwikhefu. Wakuba ulugqibile uviwo lwakho olubhaliweyo, unokugxila kuqeqesho lokubhabha.
4. Qalisa ukuBhabha
Umgqatswa wokulinga urhwebo kufuneka abonakalise ubuchule kodwa abe namava. Ukufumana isatifikethi sokulinga urhwebo ngokwe-CFR iNdawo yama-61, udinga ubuncinci iiyure ezingama-250 ngenqwelomoya, kubandakanywa iiyure ezili-100 zomqhubi wenqwelo-moya ophetheyo kunye neeyure ezingama-50 zokunqumla ilizwe. Ukongeza, kufuneka ufumane ubuncinci iiyure ezili-10 zoqeqesho lwesixhobo kunye neeyure ezili-10 kwinqwelomoya entsonkothileyo.
Ngexesha loqeqesho lwakho lokulinga urhwebo, ufunda iindlela ezintsha zokusebenza kwaye kufuneka ungaguquguquki kwaye uchaneke ngakumbi kunexesha loqeqesho lwabucala. Uya kufunda ukwenza iinqwelomoya ezinde kulo lonke ilizwe, kubandakanya ubuncinci inqwelomoya enye kwilizwe lonke ethatha ubuncinci iimayile ezingama-300 ze-nautical kwaye ithatha umlenze omnye ubuncinane weemayile ezingama-250.
5. Thatha iCheckride
Nje ukuba uye wakwazi ukunyathela ngenqwelo moya ngokwemigangatho emitsha kwaye ufunde yonke into malunga namalungelo kunye nemida yesatifikethi sokulinga urhwebo, umqeqeshi wakho uya kukubhalisela ukukhwela. Ekubeni sele ugqibile ukukhwela isheke ngaphambili, uyazi ukuba ulindele ntoni: iiyure ezimbalwa zomsebenzi wokulungiselela zanele inxalenye yomlomo yoviwo kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza.
Khumbula ukuba umvavanyi uya kuvavanya ukufumanisa ukuba uya kuba luhlobo luni lomqhubi wenqwelomoya. Ke ngoko, sebenza ngobungcali ngalo lonke ixesha. Musa ukutsiba ibhanti lesihlalo, kwaye khumbula ukuba ukuchaneka kubalulekile. Musa ukwenza nantoni na ebonakala ingenamsebenzi.
Ilayisensi yokuLinga uRhwebo
Ilayisenisi yokuqhuba inqwelo-moya (CPL) yilayisenisi yokulinga evumela umnini-nqwelo-moya ukuba asebenze njengomqhubi wenqwelo-moya kwaye afumane iintlawulo zomsebenzi wakhe.
Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokufumana iphepha-mvume kunye namalungelo ahambelanayo avunyelwene ngamazwe ngamazwe yi-International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO). Nangona kunjalo, ukuphunyezwa kokwenene kuyahluka ngokubanzi ukusuka kumazwe ngamazwe. Ngokutsho kwe-ICAO, umenzi-sicelo kufuneka:
- Thetha, bhala, funda kwaye usiqonde isiNgesi
- Sele unayo ilayisensi yokulinga yabucala
- Ulugqibile uqeqesho njengolingelo lwezorhwebo
- Ukuphumelela iimvavanyo ezibhaliweyo ezihambelanayo.
The NGUJAA - UGunyaziwe wezoPhapho eziDityanisiweyo unenani elihle lezifundo ezivunyiweyo ezikhokelela ekukhutshweni kwelayisenisi yokulinga ye-JAA yorhwebo kunye nesixhobo sokukala ngaphandle kokufumana ilayisenisi yokulinga yabucala. Ekupheleni kwezi mfuno, umviwa uya kunikwa uviwo ngugunyaziwe wezophapho, kubandakanywa noviwo lokubhabha ngomlomo nangezenzo ezenziwa ngumvavanyi. Abafaki-zicelo be-CPL (iinqwelomoya) kufuneka baphinde bagqibezele uhambo lokubhabha oluyi-300 yeemayile ze-nautical kunye nokufika ngokupheleleyo kwiindawo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zemvelaphi.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezatifikethi zokulinga zorhwebo okanye iilayisenisi zikhutshelwa ezona ndidi ziphambili zeenqwelomoya: iinqwelomoya, iinqwelomoya, iigyroscopes, iihelikopta, iibhaluni, kunye nezilayidi. Njengoko kubonisiwe ngezantsi, zinokuvela zonke kuxwebhu olufanayo, ngokuxhomekeke kulawulo oluzinikiweyo.
Isatifikethi/ilayisensi iqulathe inani lokureyithwa okanye imigangatho-mfundo engaphantsi. Ezi zicacisa ngakumbi awona malungelo ephepha-mvume, kuquka neentlobo zeenqwelo-moya ezinokuqhutywa (i-injini enye okanye iinjini ezininzi) ukuba inqwelomoya yamkelwe ngokungqinelana nemigaqo yenqwelomoya yesixhobo (ugunyaziso lwesixhobo). Kwaye xa kuyalelwa kwaye kuvavanywa ngabaqhubi beenqwelo moya kuqeqesho kunokuqhutywa (isiqinisekiso setitshala okanye umvavanyi). La manqaku angajongwa kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Shiya iMpendulo