Ngaphambi kokuba kuthiwe ilizwe lelinye lawona mazwe afanelekileyo ukufunda eYurophu, ilizwe kufuneka lihlangabezane neemfuno ezibalulekileyo. Zininzi izinto eziqwalaselwa ngabafundi bamanye amazwe xa bekhetha indawo yokufunda, kunye nenkqubo yemfundo eYurophu, kubandakanya nekharityhulamu yemfundo ephakamileyo. Amazwe aseYurophu ithandwa kakhulu ngu abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ke ngoko, ukuba ungumfundi wamazwe aphesheya kwaye ufuna ukufunda phesheya eYurophu, lo mxholo uya kukunceda ngolwazi olubalulekileyo oya kuludinga malunga noku kulandelayo:
- Amazwe agqwesileyo ukufunda eYurophu
- Ukufunda kwelinye ilizwe eYurophu
- Imfundo ePhakamileyo kuMazwe aseYurophu
- Isebenza njani inkqubo yemfundo eYurophu?
- Ngawaphi amazwe afanelekileyo onokufunda kuwo eYurophu?
- Imfundo eYurophu
Imfundo ePhakamileyo kuMazwe aseYurophu
Imfundo kumazwe aseYurophu icwangciswe ngokucwangcisiweyo. Ukuba ujonge ukufunda kwelinye lamazwe aseYurophu, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba onke amazwe aseYurophu anenkqubo yawo yemfundo ephakamileyo, kodwa aseyinxalenye yoMmandla weMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseYurophu (EHEA). Indawo yeMfundo ePhakamileyo yaseYurophu inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambelana kweenkqubo zemfundo ephakamileyo eYurophu kwaye yenza kube lula kubafundi baseYurophu okanye abaphandi bamazwe ngamazwe kunye noosonzululwazi ukuba basebenzisane kwaye bafunde okanye basebenze phesheya kulo naliphi na ilizwe laseYurophu.
Izidanga kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu zithelekiseka ngenxa yesakhelo semigangatho yemfundo yaseYurophu. Uninzi lweenkqubo zokufunda zibandakanya iintetho kunye nezifundo ezilinganiswe ngezincoko, iimviwo, kunye nezifundo. Uninzi lufuna ixesha elithile kwishishini okanye kwiiprojekthi ezinxulumene neshishini.
Isidanga sobugqirha sijolise ekuvuleni iindlela ezintsha kunye nokwaphula umhlaba owongezelelekileyo: ukuvelisa ulwazi olutsha kunye neengcinga okanye ukwenza uphando lwangaphambili ukuqhubela phambili isifundo sakho. Wena njengomfundi wobugqirha eYurophu unokucelwa ukuba unikeze ngamaxwebhu kuyo yonke inkqubo yakho yokufunda kwaye ungenise ithisisi ukuze uvavanywe. Oku kusebenza kuwo onke amazwe aseYurophu
Isebenza njani inkqubo yemfundo eYurophu?
Ukukhetha ukufunda kulo naliphi na ilizwe laseYurophu njengoko kufuna ukuba uyazi ukuba inkqubo yemfundo yaseYurophu isebenza njani. Ukususela ekupheleni kwenqanaba lesekondari I, iimviwo zokuphela konyaka ezikumgangatho ophantsi kufuneka zipase ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye.
Ngokutsho kweMfundo kumazwe aseYurophu. Emva kokuphumelela kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka kubafundi. Nangona kunjalo, amanyathelo athathiweyo kuwo onke amazwe aseYurophu ukuququzelela utshintsho lwabafundi ukusuka kolunye ukhetho ukuya kolunye ukuba umfundi unqwenela njalo kwaye uyafaneleka. Isigqibo esenziwe nge-16 asinakuguqulwa. Izikolo zikarhulumente ziseke inkqubo yemfundo eyodwa ukwenzela ukuba kubekho utshintsho kwimfundo kule minyaka mibini izayo. Kamva, imfundo yabadala inokwenza umfundi afikelele kwinqanaba elahlukileyo.
I-Kindergarten eJamani Kwiimeko ezininzi ayinyanzeliswa kwaye ayiyonxalenye yenkqubo yesikolo sikarhulumente eJamani, eSwitzerland, e-Austria naseFransi. Nangona isikolo samabanga aphantsi sinokuqala kwiminyaka emi-2 eFransi, ukubhaliswa kule minyaka yi-35% kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka emi-3, ukubhaliswa kwanda kakhulu ukuya kwi-97%, kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwe-6, ukubhaliswa kufikelela kwi-100%. EJamani, ngaphezu kwe-80% yabantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emithathu nemithandathu ubudala baya kwisikolo sabantwana abancinci, esixhaswa ngemali yoluntu, iicawe, imibutho, iinkampani okanye icandelo labucala. ESwitzerland, kuphela i-2% yabantwana abangena kunyaka wokuqala ngaphandle kwe-kindergarten. EJamani, kugxininiswa kwimfundo yabantwana besikolo samabanga aphantsi kuphuhliso lolwimi, ubuntu bomntwana, intsebenziswano yentlalontle kunye nokudlala. E-Switzerland, indlela yokuya esikolweni iyahluka ngandlel’ ithile phakathi kwemimandla yaseSwitzerland ethetha isiJamani, isiFrentshi nesiTaliyane. Ngelixa ugxininiso kwicandelo labathetha isiJamani lungaphezulu kumdlalo, kwi-scuola materna kwicandelo labathetha isiTaliyane nakwi-école enfantine okanye i-école maternelle kwindawo ethetha isiFrentshi eSwitzerland, uqhelaniso luthambekele kwimfundo yangaphambi kwesikolo. .
Ngokubanzi, izikolo zaseYurophu zahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba amahlanu:
- Isikolo samabanga aphantsi,
- inqanaba lokuqala (ngokuqhelekileyo amabanga 1-4 okanye 5)
- inqanaba lesibini I (ngokuqhelekileyo amabanga 5-9 okanye 10),
- inqanaba lesibini lesibini (amabanga 10-13),
- inqanaba lemfundo ephakamileyo (libandakanya iiyunivesithi nezinye izikolo zemfundo ephakamileyo).
Ukufunda kwelinye ilizwe eYurophu
Inkqubo yemfundo kumazwe aseYurophu inobugocigoci kunye neeyunivesithi kumazwe angaphezu kwama-20, uphononongo lwaphesheya kwelinye lamazwe aseYurophu liphupha elizalisekileyo kubafundi abafuna ukufunda eYurophu kwaye bafumane amava anomvuzo. Ukusuka kwiArctic Circle ukuya kwiStrait of Gibraltar, ukusuka kwiBritish Isles ukuya kuLwandle Olumnyama, amazwe aseYurophu abonelela ngeendawo ezintle zomhlaba kunye namathuba angenakuthelekiswa nanto okufunda ulwimi kunye nokuhamba kumazwe ngamazwe. Nokuba ukhetha ukuwela imijelo yaseNetherlands okanye uphumle kunxweme lwaseMalta, amava akho okufunda phesheya eYurophu adibanisa imfundo ekumgangatho ophezulu kuwo onke amacandelo okufunda kunye nokufikelela okungathintelwanga kwimbali, ubugcisa kunye nophando.
Ngawaphi amazwe afanelekileyo onokufunda kuwo eYurophu?
Inkqubo yemfundo eYurophu yenziwe ngamazwe aseYurophu ahamba phambili kwezemfundo kweli lizwe. Uninzi lwabafundi bamazwe aphesheya bakhetha ilizwe ngaphezulu kweyunivesithi xa kufikwa kufunda phesheya. Bakholelwa ukuba iziko liya kuba lilungile kuphela njengelizwe elikuyo. Hlala Iqela elinolwazi liphande uphando kwaye lidibanise amazwe angcono kakhulu okufunda eYurophu. Olu luhlu lulungiswe ngokusekelwe kwizinto abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe ababonisa ukuba baziqwalasela xa bekhetha indawo yokufunda. Ezi zinto zibandakanya amava enkcubeko entsha, ukufezekiswa kweenjongo zekhondo lomsebenzi, ukuba ne-adventure, ukwenza abahlobo abatsha/ukwandisa uthungelwano lobuchwephesha, ukufikelela, ukufundisa okukumgangatho ophezulu, ukufunda simahla, ukufikelela lula i-visa njl. ukunika yonke loo nto.
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Jemani
Inkqubo yemfundo eYurophu ayinakugqitywa ngaphandle kokufumana iJamani njengemanduleli. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo iJamani lelinye lawona mazwe abalaseleyo / iindawo zokufunda phesheya eYurophu, ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukonga imali kuba akukho mali yokufunda kwiiyunivesithi zikarhulumente ukuba uthatha izifundo zesidanga sokuqala. Oku kusebenza kubafundi abavela kwezinye iindawo zaseYurophu kunye nabafundi abangaphandle kweManyano yaseYurophu. Ekuphela kwento ekufuneka uyenzile kukuhlawula imirhumo yolawulo ehlawulwa kwisiqingatha sonyaka ngasinye esithatha iinyanga ezintandathu. Eli lizwe likhaya lezinye zezona zikolo zigqwesileyo eYurophu abafundi abafunda kuzo, ezifana neYunivesithi yaseHumboldt, iYunivesiti yoBugcisa yaseMunich neYunivesithi yaseAachen, apho izifundo eziphambili ziyifiziksi nembali, ikhemistri, ifilosofi nobunjineli bomatshini. Kuba isiNgesi siqhele ukufundiswa kubafundi baseJamani njengolwimi lwesibini, sinokuhamba ngokumangalisayo nawe njengomfundi wamazwe aphesheya ofuna ukufunda kweli lizwe, nokuba awunawo umyalelo olungileyo wesiJamani. Iinkqubo ze-bachelor ezithetha isiNgesi zinqabile, nangona kunjalo, kusenokufuneka ufunde ulwimi.
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Fransi
IFransi lelinye lawona mazwe abalaseleyo kubafundi bamazwe aphesheya ukuba bafunde eYurophu. EFransi, kukho iiyunivesithi ezingaphezu kwe-10 eziye zabandakanywa kuluhlu lwehlabathi lwe-QS lweeyunivesithi 2019. Nangona iinkqubo ezininzi zifundiswa ngesiFrentshi, kukho izifundo ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 zesiNgesi. IFransi ikwalilizwe apho unokulindela imfundo ephantsi kunye nemfundo ekumgangatho ophezulu. Ukuba uya eFransi uya kufumana ezinye zezona zikolo zinexabiso eliphantsi emhlabeni, okuthetha ukuba unokuchitha imali eninzi uhlola kwaye wonwabe ngelixa ufunda phesheya. Kwaye ngeendawo ezininzi ezintle ezifana neParis, iToulouse, iLyon kunye neMontpellier ukubiza ikhaya okwethutyana ngeentsuku zakho zesikolo, kuhlala kukho into oyibonayo. Ezona yunivesithi zibalaseleyo yi-École Normale Supérieure, iYunivesithi yasePierre neMarie Curie, iSayensi Po kunye neYunivesithi yaseParis-Sud. Ayimangalisi ke into yokuba abafundi bamazwe aphesheya bahlale bekhetha ilizwe njengenye yezona ndawo ziphezulu zokufunda-phesheya.
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Speyin
Njengakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu abafundi befunda, ixabiso eliphantsi lokufunda lelinye lamathuba amaninzi okufunda phesheya kwenye yeeyunivesithi ezininzi ezaziwayo eSpain. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-United States kunye ne-United Kingdom, iifizi zokufunda e-Spain zitshiphu kakhulu kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlawule iqhezu lento obuya kuyihlawulela inkqubo efanayo ekhaya. Xa ufunda eYurophu eSpain, kujongeka ngakumbi ukuhlala kwiidolophu ezincinci zasemaphandleni ngexesha lokufunda kwakho elizweni ukonga nangakumbi njengoko izixeko ezikhulu nezidumileyo zibiza kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukulungele ukuchitha ngaphezulu kuyo yonke into, yiya kwizikolo ezikwikomkhulu, iMadrid. Zilungiselele nje ukuhlaziya izakhono zakho zeSpanish njengoko uninzi lweenkqubo zelizwe zifundiswa ngeSpanish. Ezona zikolo zibalaseleyo kweli lizwe apho abafundi basekhaya nakwamanye amazwe bafunda khona babandakanya iDyunivesithi yaseMadrid, iDyunivesithi yaseBarcelona kunye neYunivesithi yasePompeu Fabra. (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Universitat de Barcelona, kunye neYunivesithi yasePompeu Fabra).
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ElamaTaliyane
Kunyaka wezifundo ka-2015, i-Itali yaba lilizwe lesibini elidumileyo lokufunda kubafundi baseMelika phesheya eYurophu, Ngabantu abangaphezu kwama-33,500 abagqibe kwelokuba baye kufunda eFrance ngo-2014-2015. Ilizwe likhaya kwezinye zezona yunivesithi zidumileyo kunye nezindala. Ayizizo zonke izikolo zaseFransi ezibonelela ngeenkqubo ezipheleleyo ngesiNgesi kodwa zinokubonelela ngezifundo ezimbalwa ngesiNgesi. IFlorence Venice, iMilan kunye neRome ziindawo ezithandwayo, kodwa zikwakho izixeko zasemaphandleni abafundisayo nazo. Kukho iiyunivesithi ezingama-89 kwilizwe liphela ukuze abafundi bafunde kuzo, kunye neqela lezemfundo kunye neekholeji zobugcisa, ezizezinye zezona zibalaseleyo eYurophu. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iinkqubo ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo, kubandakanya ubugcisa, uyilo, ubunjineli kunye noyilo lwezakhiwo. Zimisele nje ukuchitha imali engaphezulu kunokuba ubuya kuyichitha kumazwe akuMbindi Yurophu, kodwa unokuqiniseka ukuba iindleko e-Itali zinokuba sezantsi kakhulu kunamazwe afana ne-United States ne-United Kingdom.
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Swiden
ISweden lelinye lawona mazwe afanelekileyo ukufunda phesheya eYurophu. Yikholwa okanye hayi, ukuba ungumfundi osuka kwelinye ilizwe, elinje ngeUnited States, kwaye uya esikolweni eSweden, unokukwazi ukufumana ubugqirha / PhD mahala. Kananjalo, iinkqubo ezininzi zaseyunivesithi ezifundiswa kweli lizwe zifundiswa ngesiNgesi, kwaye zininzi iindlela zokufumana imali yokufunda. Unokukhetha kwakhona kwiiyunivesithi ezigqwesileyo ehlabathini, kuquka iYunivesithi yaseLund, iYunivesithi yaseUppsala kunye neKTH Royal Institute of Technology. Ukongeza kwiinketho zokufunda, izikhundla zobugqirha zihlala zihlawulwa ukuze ukwazi ukuya esikolweni simahla ngelixa ufumana umvuzo. Njengomfundi wamazwe aphesheya, unokufuna ukuthatha iSweden njengenye yeendawo zakho zokufunda/amazwe aseYurophu.
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elamaDatshi
INetherlands lelinye ilizwe elidumileyo kubafundi abafuna ukufunda phesheya eYurophu. Ikwalukhetho olukhulu lwabafundi baseBritane njengoko ingafikeleleki kuphela kodwa ikufuphi naseLondon. Inqwelomoya yemizuzu engama-45 ithatha ukusuka eLondon ukuya eNetherlands, oyena mboneleli mkhulu weenkqubo zelizwekazi laseYurophu kwiikhosi zesiNgesi. Unokukhetha ngaphezulu kwe-2,100 yeenkqubo zokufunda zamazwe ngamazwe kwaye ujabulele ubugcisa obuninzi kunye nenkcubeko kwizixeko ezifana neAmsterdam. Ezona zikolo zibalaseleyo yiYunivesithi yaseDelft yeTekhnoloji, iYunivesithi yaseAmsterdam kunye neYunivesithi yaseWageningen kunye neZiko loPhando.
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Pholend
Eli lelinye lawona mazwe anexabiso eliphantsi ukufunda phesheya eYurophu njengoko ebonelela ngezifundo ezikhuphisanayo kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuphila, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neendleko onokuthi uzihlawule ukuba ubuhlala kwaye ufunda kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu. Izifundo ezininzi zifundiswa ngesiNgesi, kodwa iya kuba licebo elihle ukuphinda uhlaziye isiPolish sakho ukuze uthathe izifundo ezininzi kwaye ujikeleze isixeko ngokulula ngakumbi. Kukho ngaphezu kwe-500 amaziko emfundo ephakamileyo kwilizwe lonke, kwaye uninzi lwawo lukhethekileyo kunokulandela imodeli yemveli njengezinye iiyunivesithi zaseYurophu. Ezona zikolo zibalaseleyo ePoland ziseKraków, Warsaw, Poznan naseGdansk. Iinkqubo zokufunda eziphambili ziquka isayensi, iteknoloji kunye nobunjineli.
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Finlend
EYurophu, iiyunivesithi zaseFinland zibonelela ngemfundo yasimahla kubafundi be-EU/EEA abafuna ukufunda kweli lizwe. Ukususela kwi-semester yokuwa kwe-2017, abafundi abavela kumazwe angaphandle kwe-EU / EEA baqala ukuhlawula iifizi zokufunda. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubhalise kwinkqubo yokufunda efundiswa ngesiSwedish okanye ngesiFinnish, iifizi zokufunda zikwasimahla kubafundi abangengabo abe-EU / EEA. IHelsinki ikunxweme olusemazantsi elizwe kwaye yeyona ndawo inkulu edolophini eFinland. Ikwalikhaya kwiDyunivesithi yaseHelsinki, esinye sezona zikolo zibalaseleyo kweli lizwe. Esinye isikolo, iYunivesithi yaseAalto, sesinye sezona dyunivesithi zibalaseleyo abafundi abanokufunda kuzo kwaye sikwaseHelsinki. I-Tampere, iPori kunye neLaaperanta zezona zixeko zinexabiso eliphantsi kubafundi.
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Sloveniya
ISlovenia lilizwe elihle phakathi kweCroatia neItali kwaye libonelela ngeendawo ezininzi ezimangalisayo zangaphandle, ukusuka elunxwemeni ukuya ezintabeni. Eli lizwe ayisiyondawo yabakhenkethi edumileyo kuphela kodwa ikwayindlela entle kwabo bafuna ukufunda kwiyunivesithi efundeke kakhulu eYurophu. Ilizwe linenye yezona nkqubo zemfundo zibalaseleyo kwi-EU kwaye esinye sezona zikolo zikhulu emhlabeni yiDyunivesithi yaseLjubljana, ekwayeyona yunivesithi iphambili yelizwe. Esinye isikolo esidumileyo yiYunivesithi yaseMaribor, kodwa zikho nezinye iiyunivesithi apho unokuthembela kubhaliso oluphantsi kunye nendawo entle. Kukwakho namathuba kwabo bafuna ukufumana imfundo yasimahla yobugqirha. Eli lelinye lawona mazwe abalaseleyo okufunda-amazwe aphesheya eYurophu. Kukho malunga ne-150 iinkqubo zesiNgesi kwaye ilizwe ngokubanzi lineendleko eziphantsi zokuphila.
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Norowe
Njengomfundi wamazwe aphesheya ofuna ukufunda kwilizwe laseYurophu, uBhaliso lusimahla xa usiya kwiyunivesithi yoluntu eNorway. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezingafaniyo xa kufikwa kwiinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zelizwe, kwaye kukho neeyunivesithi zabucala onokukhetha kuzo. Nangona iindleko zokuhlala eNorway zigqalwa njengexabiso eliphezulu kunezinye iindawo zaseYurophu, abantu abanobuhlobo baseNorway, imbonakalo entle yomhlaba kunye nezinga eliphantsi lolwaphulo-mthetho zenze ukuba ibe yenye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane zisuka eYurophu ukuya kufunda kwamanye amazwe. Malunga nama-250 eenkqubo zesidanga sokuqala kunye nezinye iinkqubo zenqanaba eliphezulu ezingama-250 zifundiswa ngesiNgesi, nto leyo eyenza kube lula kubafundi base-UK, eUnited States naseOstreliya. Ezona dyunivesithi zibalaseleyo eNorway yiYunivesithi yaseBergen, iDyunivesithi yaseOslo kunye neYunivesithi yaseNorway yeSayensi neTekhnoloji.
Sincoma kwakhona:
- Ama-20 oqeqesho lwaBafundi beZikolo eziPhakamileyo ngo-2024
- Uluhlu loKhuphiswano lweHlabathi lwaBafundi ngo-2024
- Iindlela ezili-10 eziqinisekileyo zokufumana iiScholarship kwiYunivesithi/iKholeji ngo-2024
- Umahluko phakathi kweScholarship, isibonelelo kunye neBhasari
- Inkqubo yeFulbright yaNgaphandle yaBafundi 2024
- I-Eiffel Scholarship eFransi yaBafundi beZizwe ngeZizwe ngo-2024
- I-Radboud Scholarship yaBafundi beZizwe ngeZizwe ngo-2024
Shiya iMpendulo