Ntchito zauinjiniya ndi imodzi mwazodziwika kwambiri ntchito mu dziko. Ophunzira apakhomo ndi akunja nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi mitundu ya ntchito zauinjiniya ndi zomwe mungasankhe.
Monga wophunzira woyembekezera uinjiniya, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe zambiri ndi mitundu ya ntchito zauinjiniya. Kuseweretsa njira ya ntchito ya Uinjiniya kumabweretsa mwayi wambiri wantchito komanso ukadaulo.
Khalani Odziwa Gulu wafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ya ntchito za uinjiniya pazomwe zilili komanso gawo laukadaulo lomwe limalipiridwa kwambiri mu 2024. Ndi luso lililonse, timayang'ana tanthauzo ndi momwe tingakhalire mainjiniya mu izi. munda wamakono, ndipo tikukhulupirira kuti zingakhale zothandiza kwa inu kudziwa ngati ntchitoyo ndi yoyenera kapena ayi.
Izi zikugwira ntchito ndi mfundo zotsatirazi monga zolipira kwambiri munda wamakono ndikuyankhanso mafunso otsatirawa:
- Kodi uinjiniya ndi chiyani?
- Kodi Munda Wabwino Kwambiri mu Engineering ndi uti?
- Kodi Njira Yovuta Kwambiri ya Ntchito Yainjiniya ndi iti?
- Kodi ukadaulo wosavuta ndi uti?
- Kodi gawo laukadaulo lomwe limalipidwa kwambiri ndi liti?
- Mitundu ya Ntchito Zauinjiniya
Werengani Ndiponso: Kufotokozera Kwa Ntchito Yamakina, Malipiro, Zofunikira mu 2024
Kodi Engineering ndi chiyani?
Kugwiritsa ntchito mwadongosolo mfundo zasayansi kupanga, ndikupanga makina, zida, zida kapena njira zopangira, kapena ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito zokha kapena kuphatikiza; kapena kumanga kapena kugwira ntchito zomwezo ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha mapangidwe ake; kapena kulosera zamakhalidwe awo pazikhalidwe zinazake zogwirira ntchito - chilichonse chokhudzana ndi ntchito yomwe ikuyembekezeka, chuma chantchito ndi chitetezo cha moyo ndi katundu chimatchedwa engineering.
Pali mitundu ya ntchito zamainjiniya zomwe zafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi.
Kodi Munda Waumisiri Wapamwamba Kwambiri Wolipidwa ndi Chiyani?
Zadziwika kuti gawo lauinjiniya lomwe limalipidwa kwambiri ndi uinjiniya wa petroleum, pomwe mainjiniya amtunduwu amatengera kunyumba zopitilira $100,000. Monga momwe mungaganizire kuchokera ku dzinali, akatswiri opanga mafuta a petroleum amayang'ana zosungiramo mafuta achilengedwe kenako ndikuwathandiza kuchira.
Ngati mukufuna kuphunzira uinjiniya wamtunduwu, kumbukirani kuti mumafunikiranso chidziwitso cha chemistry, masamu, ndi geology. Komabe, monga gawo lauinjiniya lomwe limalipidwa kwambiri, malipiro apachaka a kampani yamafuta ndi okwanira kulungamitsa ndalama zanzeru. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndizovuta kwambiri.
Nuclear Engineering ndi Chemical Engineering ndi gawo lotsatira lolipidwa kwambiri laukadaulo ndi ntchito zomwe zimabweretsa kunyumba $67,000 - $118,000 ndi $65,000 - $116,000 motsatana.
Werengani Ndiponso: Ntchito Zomwe Sizifuna Digiri Yaku koleji
Kodi Munda Wabwino Kwambiri mu Engineering ndi Chiyani?
Ophunzira ambiri angasankhe gawo lauinjiniya lomwe limalipidwa kwambiri ngati gawo labwino kwambiri lauinjiniya. Chifukwa kufotokoza digirii yabwino kwambiri ya uinjiniya ndikokhazikika ndipo nthawi zambiri kumachepetsedwa kukhala zokonda zachilengedwe za wophunzira.
Ena amayang'ana pa digiri ya uinjiniya ndi malingaliro abwino amtsogolo: pansipa timafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe timaonera. Ena amayang'ana zomwe zimawakhutiritsa kwambiri, zomwe zimalipira kwambiri, kapena zomwe zimawavuta kwambiri.
Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya ntchito zauinjiniya ndi madigiri ndizovuta, ndipo pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo kotero kuti mutha kupeza gawo lomwe lingabweretse kukhutitsidwa ndi akatswiri.
Izi zitha kumangidwa, pomwe digiri ya Civil Engineering ndi ntchito ingakhale digirii yabwino kwambiri kwa inu.
Mofananamo, ngati mukumva kuyanjana kwambiri ndi zovuta zachilengedwe, ndiye kuti digiri ya Environmental Engineering ikhoza kukhala digirii yoyenera kwambiri kwa inu. Palinso funso la malipiro, lomwe limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukwaniritsa ntchito.
Poganizira izi, talemba m'munsimu zina mwa "zabwino kwambiri" zathu kutengera mitu yathu monga chiyembekezo chantchito, malipiro omwe tingathe, komanso, chofunika kwambiri, madigiri a uinjiniya omwe amapereka kuthekera kwakukulu kwamtsogolo, popeza ichi ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa mtsogolo. aliyense amene akuyesa ntchito zawo.
Kodi Engineering Yovuta Kwambiri ndi Chiyani?
- Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi
- Petroleum Engineering
- Mankhwala amisiri
- Ubwino wamakono
- Ukachenjede wazitsulo
- Katswiri wa makompyuta
- Ukachenjede wazomanga
- Zomangamanga zomangamanga
Gawo lauinjiniya lomwe limalipidwa kwambiri silingakhale uinjiniya wovuta kwambiri. Mosanena kuti, kuti tifufuze movutikira, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito deta pazapaderazi.
Pantchito yathu, tigwiritsa ntchito zambiri za Reddit: iyi ndi tsamba lawebusayiti la ophunzira a uinjiniya ndi omwe akufuna kukhala ophunzira omwe akufuna kuyenda munjira yaukadaulo.
Tikudziwa kuti ophunzira okha ndi omwe angadziwitsidwe zaukadaulo ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana zomwe amakumana nazo akamaphunzira.
Tikufuna kuzindikira kuti kufananiza ntchito si ntchito yomwe muyenera kukhala nayo kwambiri. Ndizovuta kufananiza zinthu zosiyanasiyana chifukwa chapadera chilichonse ndi chapadera mwanjira ina. Choncho, zinthu izi sizingafanane kwambiri.
Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti koleji iliyonse ndi yunivesite imatha kukhala ndi gulu lake laukadaulo lovuta kwambiri. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi ophunzira: munthu amene amadana ndi sayansi ya makompyuta, akhoza kufuula kuti uinjiniya wa makompyuta ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri padziko lapansi, pomwe wina angaganize kuti iyi ndiye luso losavuta kumva. Ichi ndichifukwa chake wophunzira aliyense amatha kupanga mndandanda wawo wapadera wazovuta komanso zosavuta.
Tonsefe timakhala ndi luso komanso luso losiyanasiyana, n’chifukwa chake zinthu zimene zimaoneka ngati zovuta kwa wina zimaoneka ngati zosavuta kwa wina.
Mndandanda wa 10 zovuta kwambiri malinga ndi Reddit
Malinga ndi anthu otchuka pa intaneti; Reddit, pansipa pali mndandanda wazinthu zovuta kwambiri pantchito yaukadaulo.
Ntchito zamagetsi:
Gawoli limawerengedwa kuti ndi digiri ya yunivesite yovuta kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi malinga ndi malingaliro a ogwiritsa ntchito Reddit.
Ophunzira apaderawa ayenera kuphunzira zamagetsi, zamagetsi, makina owongolera, mauthenga opanda zingwe, kutsekemera kwamagetsi, ndi zina zotero. M'tsogolomu, akatswiriwa adzagwira ntchito ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo zamagetsi.
Umisiri wa Petroli:
Ophunzirawo adafotokoza zaukadaulowu kukhala wovuta kupeza, mwina chifukwa akatswiri am'tsogolo ngati amenewa ayenera kuphunzira za geology, uinjiniya woyambira ndi thermodynamics. Katswiri wamafuta amafufuza, kuchotsa ndi kupanga mafuta, komanso kutenga nawo gawo pakupanga gasi.
Umisiri Wamatsenga:
Izi ndi zamitundu yaukadaulo waukadaulo kuphatikiza maphunziro monga chemistry (physics, organic and biochemistry), zojambula zauinjiniya, physics, ndi geometry. Uwu ndi gawo labwino kwa ophunzira omwe amakonda chemistry ndipo amafuna kugwira ntchito yopanga.
Pali mwayi wambiri pantchito yamtsogolo, koma timalimbikitsa kusankha malowa pokhapokha ngati luso lanu la chemistry lili pamwamba pamlingo wapakati.
Aerospace Engineering:
Ophunzira muzapadera izi amaphunzira masamu ambiri, ma aerodynamics, mainjini, zowongolera ndege, ndi zina zambiri. Ngati mumalakalaka moyo wanu wonse kugwira ntchito monga Boeing ndi NASA, izi ndi zanu ndendende! Koma samalani kuti simumangokonda zamlengalenga ndi ndege komanso kuti mumadziwa bwino masamu ndi physics.
Ukachenjede wazitsulo:
Mudzaphunzira maphunziro ofunikira monga biotechnology, sayansi yazinthu, mphamvu zamadzimadzi, thermodynamics, robotics, ndi zina zambiri. Ntchitoyi imafunikira luso laukadaulo komanso kuthekera kopanga zisankho zofunika.
Pali njira zambiri zopangira ntchito yanu yamtsogolo: kukonza ndi kupanga makina opangira gasi, ma jenereta amagetsi, zida zamagetsi ndi makina ena omwe amayendera mphamvu.
Engineering Engineering:
Izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi zachisanu ndi chimodzi zovuta kwambiri zaukadaulo. Ophunzira mdera la Reddit ati iyi ndi ntchito yodziwika bwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuphunzira momwe makompyuta amagwirira ntchito. Kukhazikika kumeneku kumafuna kuphunzira maphunziro monga sayansi yamakompyuta, masamu, ndi physics.
Mukamaphunzira, mutenga nawo gawo pama robotiki ambiri, ukadaulo wapaintaneti komanso mapulojekiti oteteza makompyuta. Cholinga chachikulu cha katswiriyu ndi kupanga ndi kupanga mapulogalamu ndi hardware zamakompyuta.
Ukachenjede wazomanga:
Ophunzira m'gawoli amaphunzira masamu, sayansi yamakompyuta, chemistry economics, ndi zina zambiri. Pali njira zambiri zopangira ntchito yanu yamtsogolo ndi lusoli: mutha kugwira ntchito zamayendedwe, geotechnical, madzi onyansa, zomangamanga, ndi zomangamanga.
Mukhoza kuyang'anira ndondomeko yomanga tunnel, nyumba, misewu, milatho, ndi zina zotero. Izi zimafuna kugwira ntchito m'magulu ndikupeza njira zoyenera kwambiri.
Zomangamanga:
Uwu ndi mwayi wapadera womwe ophunzira amaphunzira kukonzekera, kupanga ndi kumanga nyumba zosiyanasiyana moyenera komanso motetezeka. Njira zazikuluzikulu apa ndi mabwalo amagetsi, makina amadzimadzi, sayansi yaumisiri, kusanthula kwadongosolo, ndi zina zambiri. Mutha kupanga ntchito yanu yamtsogolo pantchito yomanga.
Engineering Engineering:
Ntchitoyi imafuna kuphunzira maphunziro monga bizinesi, masamu, sayansi, psychology, ndi zina zotero. Akatswiri oterowo amapanga malingaliro atsopano amomwe angasinthire zipatala, mafakitale ndi mabungwe ena ambiri.
Ophunzira akatswiriwa amayenera kulemba kafukufuku wambiri komanso kuchita kafukufuku ndi malipoti.
Kodi Uinjiniya Wosavuta Kwambiri ndi Chiyani?
Njira ya ntchito ya uinjiniya siyophweka. Anthu ambiri amatsutsa kuti, ngakhale zimawonedwabe zovuta kwambiri, Civil engineering ndiye digirii yosavuta kupeza, koma ndi gawo chabe la nkhaniyi.
Komabe, anthu omwewo amathanso kuyiwona kuti ndi imodzi mwazinthu zovuta kwambiri pantchito chifukwa zofuna ndi maudindo amatha kupitilira ntchito zina.
Mwachitsanzo, katswiri wa zomangamanga atha kukhala ndi udindo pama projekiti omwe ali ndi ndalama zokulirapo komanso zovuta za nthawi (mwachitsanzo, ntchito yomanga) komwe kukakamizidwa komanso kufulumira kumavomerezedwa ngati gawo la ntchitoyo.
Kumbukirani kuti makontrakitala akuluakulu ambiri amagwira ntchito m'mphepete mwa 1%.
Izi zikadali phindu lalikulu chifukwa cha ndalama zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ntchito zomanga zazikulu, monga nyumba zogona komanso ntchito zazikulu zamalonda.
Ntchito ikasokonekera ndikuchedwa, izi zitha kubweretsa mavuto akulu komanso kutayika kwachuma kwa omanga omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mainjiniya wa zomangamanga ndikugwira nawo ntchito pafupipafupi kuti agwire ntchitoyo kuti abwerere m'njira yoyenera.
Mitundu ya Ntchito Zauinjiniya
Digiri ya uinjiniya ndiye gawo loyamba lopita ku ntchito yamtsogolo yopeza, kupanga ndi kupanga. Mutha kuyandikira gawo la uinjiniya kuchokera kumagawo osiyanasiyana amaphunziro. Associate, bachelor's ndi master's degree zonse ndizosankha kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuphunzira zaukadaulo.
Komabe, mtundu weniweni wa uinjiniya udzalamula kwambiri kuchuluka kwa maphunziro omwe ayenera kupezedwa komanso nthawi yomwe maphunzirowo ayambe kugwira ntchito.
Aerospace Engineering Ntchito Njira
Njira yaukadaulo iyi imapereka mwayi wovuta komanso mwayi waukadaulo m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Akasankha kuchita uinjiniya, munthu ayenera kusankha pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo waukadaulo, monga zazamlengalenga, zachitetezo cha anthu, zamagetsi ndi zamagetsi. Katswiri waukadaulo wazamlengalenga amapereka ntchito zomwe zili kunja kwa dziko lino.
Momwe Mungakhalire Injiniya Wazamlengalenga
Kuti munthu akhale mainjiniya apamlengalenga, munthu ayenera kupeza digiri ya uinjiniya kuchokera ku yunivesite yovomerezeka. Pali mitundu itatu ya mapulogalamu a digiri ya zamlengalenga omwe alipo, kuphatikiza mapulogalamu omaliza maphunziro, omaliza maphunziro ndi udokotala.
Kuti munthu agwire ntchito ngati mainjiniya azamlengalenga, munthu ayenera kuyamba ndikupeza digiri ya kuyunivesite yaukadaulo wazamlengalenga.
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University ndi chitsanzo cha sukulu yophunzitsidwa bwino yomwe imapereka madigiri a kuyunivesite mu engineering ya zamlengalenga. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, pulogalamu ya digiri ya Embry-Riddle imayang'ana kwambiri ndege osati zamlengalenga.
Kwa ophunzira apakhomo ndi akunja omwe akufuna kuyenda munjira yaukadaulo ya Aerospace, University of Southern California ndiwoperekanso mapulogalamu apamwamba aukadaulo wazamlengalenga, ndipo maphunziro ake omaliza maphunziro amaphatikiza maphunziro apamlengalenga ndi zakuthambo.
Akatswiri opanga zamlengalenga omwe amafunafuna mwayi waukadaulo nthawi zambiri amayamba maphunziro apamwamba komanso audokotala. Georgia Institute of Technology ndi Wichita State University ali ndi mapulogalamu awiri apamwamba kwambiri aukadaulo waukadaulo mdziko muno; Wichita State University ndiyodziwikanso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalama zofufuzira zomwe yapeza kwa ophunzira ake omaliza maphunziro, ofuna udokotala ndi maprofesa.
Ntchito Zaumisiri wa Biomedical
Akatswiri opanga zamankhwala amagwira ntchito mosakanikirana ndi biology, zamankhwala ndi uinjiniya. Amaphunzitsidwa kufufuza ndi kupanga njira zothetsera chisamaliro cha odwala. Ndi akatswiri omwe ali kumbuyo kwa zida zamakono zachipatala monga ma MRIs ndi makina opangira opaleshoni.
Biomedical engineering ndi imodzi mwamitundu ya ntchito zauinjiniya zomwe zimafuna mainjiniya kukhala ndi udindo wofufuza ndi kupanga zatsopano zamankhwala monga ziwalo zopangira ndi ma prostheses.
Akatswiri opanga zamankhwala amakhazikitsa, kukonza ndi kukonza kapena kupereka chithandizo chaukadaulo pamakina azachipatala ndi zida. Amawonetsetsa kuti nthawi zonse akugwira ntchito moyenera ndipo sangasokoneze miyoyo ya odwala.
Nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi asayansi azachipatala, asayansi amoyo ndi akatswiri azamankhwala. Amatenga nawo gawo pakufufuza kuti apange ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zamankhwala. Akatswiri opanga zamankhwala amawonetsetsanso kuti ogwira ntchito pamakinawa amadziwa kugwiritsa ntchito ndikusamalira.
Momwe Mungakhalire Injiniya wa Biomedical
Akatswiri opanga zamankhwala ayenera kumaliza digiri ya zaka zinayi mu biomedical engineering. Njira ina ndikupeza digiri ya bachelor mu gawo lina la uinjiniya ndikupeza digiri yoyamba mu biomedical engineering. Athanso kupeza ntchito pophunzitsidwa m’munda.
Komabe, akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti akulembetsa okha mapulogalamu ovomerezeka ndi ABET. Njira yamtundu uwu wa uinjiniya simaphunziridwa m'mayunivesite ambiri, chifukwa chaukadaulo wake. Koma ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la uinjiniya komanso imodzi mwamagawo omwe amalipidwa kwambiri.
Ophunzira omwe akufuna kukhala ndi uinjiniya wa biomedical atha kuyamba kukonzekera kusekondale. Ayenera kuchita maphunziro a masamu ndi sayansi ochuluka monga momwe angathere, monga calculus, physics, chemistry ndi biology.
Maphunziro a zojambula zamakina, kujambula ndi kupanga mapulogalamu apakompyuta nawonso ndi ofunikira. Mapulogalamu a ABET amaphatikizanso ma internship ndi ma cooperative.
Ntchito Zaumisiri wa Chemical
Akatswiri opanga ma Chemical amagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chawo chakudziko lapansi kuti pamapeto pake akhudze kulumikizana kwa maatomu ndi mamolekyu.
Maluso ake nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza ndi kupanga zinthu zaposachedwa ndipo ndizofunikira pazinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza nanotechnology, kusungirako mphamvu ndi makompyuta.
Nthawi zambiri pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi mainjiniya ena m'magulu amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti athetse mavuto akulu aumunthu, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti akatswiri opanga mankhwala apitiliza kukhala atsogoleri ofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti tsogolo lathu likuyenda bwino, kaya padziko lapansi pano kapena kwina.
Pazolembazo, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ntchito zauinjiniya zamakina ndi imodzi mwamagawo omwe amalipidwa kwambiri.
Momwe Mungakhalire Engineer wa Chemical
Njira yopezera digiri ya uinjiniya wamankhwala ndikukhala mainjiniya wamankhwala ndizovuta kwambiri ndi magawo ena.
Pulogalamu yaukadaulo wamankhwala ku Yunivesite ya California, Berkeley (yomwe imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamabungwe abwino kwambiri aukadaulo wamankhwala malinga ndi aimona.com) imamiza ophunzira mu masamu ndi sayansi yakuthupi (physics ndi chemistry, makamaka) m'zaka zawo ziwiri zoyambirira kenako amaphunzitsa ophunzirawo kugwiritsa ntchito masamu ndi sayansi yakuthupi m'zaka ziwiri zapitazi.
Mabungwe ambiri amapereka maphunziro ogwirizana. Mofanana ndi internship, mapulogalamuwa amalola ophunzira kuti alandire digiri ya digiri yawo pogwira ntchito limodzi ndi mainjiniya olembedwa ndi kampani yothandizira.
Ntchito za Civil Engineering
Id iyi ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya ntchito za uinjiniya, ndipo imagwira ntchito pakupanga ndi kupanga misewu, milatho, nyumba ndi njira zoperekera madzi.
Amayang’anira ndi kutsogolera magulu omanga ndi kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi mainjiniya ena. M'mayiko ena, uinjiniya wa Civil ndi imodzi mwamagawo olipidwa kwambiri ndi ntchito zauinjiniya.
Akatswiriwa amaonetsetsa kuti nyumba iliyonse yomangidwa ikugwirizana ndi chilengedwe ndipo imatha kupirira zivomezi ndi mphepo zamkuntho. Izi zili choncho makamaka m’madera amene nthawi zambiri masoka achilengedwe amenewa amachitikira.
Akatswiri opanga zomangamanga amagwira ntchito komwe kuli kofunikira kukulitsa zatsopano kapena machitidwe amayendedwe ndi uinjiniya wa geotechnical. Amakhalanso ndi maudindo oyang'anira ndi oyang'anira.
Momwe Mungakhalire Injiniya Wazinthu
Olembera ku engineering ya Civil engineering ayenera kumaliza digiri ya engineering ya Civil engineering kapena zina zapadera. Komabe, akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti akulembetsa okha mapulogalamu omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi ABET (Engineering and Technology Accreditation Board).
Izi ndizofunikira kuti muyenerere chilolezo. Digiri ya bachelor imatenga zaka zinayi kuti amalize. Imachita maphunziro monga engineering mechanics, masamu, ziwerengero ndi mphamvu zamadzimadzi.
Ophunzira a uinjiniya wa Civil engineering amatha kuchita mwaukadaulo kumadera monga uinjiniya wa geotechnical womwe umayang'ana kwambiri zomanga, uinjiniya wamadamu ndi milatho, komanso uinjiniya wamayendedwe amisewu, misewu ndi machitidwe atsiku ndi tsiku.
Akamaliza digiri ya bachelor, omaliza maphunziro a engineering ya Civil engineering ayenera kutenga Engineering Fundamentals Exam yomwe ingawapatse dzina la Training Engineer kapena Civil Engineering Intern akapambana.
Kutengera ndi boma, angafunikire kupambana mayeso ochulukirapo, kuphunzitsidwa ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zina kuti athe kukhala katswiri wa EC.
Ntchito Zopanga Pakompyuta
Akatswiri opanga makompyuta amapanga ndikusintha mapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu a hardware omwe amapangitsa makompyuta kugwira ntchito. Mainjiniya apakompyuta amatha kukhala akatswiri pa mapulogalamu kapena hardware. Uinjiniya wamakompyuta ndi mtundu wa ntchito yauinjiniya yomwe imatengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwamaphunziro apamwamba kwambiri aukadaulo.
Kuchokera ku mapulogalamu a OS, monga Windows ndi Linux, kupita ku mapulogalamu apakompyuta, monga Photoshop ndi Microsoft Office, akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu amasintha ma hardware kukhala makompyuta ogwira ntchito.
Akatswiri opanga ma Hardware amapanga zida zamakompyuta, kuphatikiza ma boardards, zithunzi ndi makhadi omvera, ndi magawo omwe akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu amakonza.
Momwe Mungakhalire Katswiri Wamakompyuta
Kuti mukhale mainjiniya apakompyuta, muyenera kuganizira zopeza digiri ya sayansi yamakompyuta kapena gawo lina logwirizana kwambiri. Ngakhale mainjiniya ena apakompyuta amatha kuphunzira maluso omwe amafunikira kuti apambane popanda maphunziro apamwamba, mpikisano waukulu wa ogwira ntchito uli ndi madigiri aku koleji.
Kuphatikiza pa maphunziro apamwamba, omwe akufuna kupanga mainjiniya apakompyuta ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yaulere kuti azitsatira zomwe zachitika posachedwa komanso kusintha kwa mapulogalamu ndi ma hardware.
Kudziwa mapulogalamu apulogalamu omwe angopangidwa kumene, zigamba ndi ma tchipisi apakompyuta ndikofunikira chifukwa chidziwitso cha gawo la Computer Engineering chikusintha nthawi zonse kuti zigwirizane ndi matekinoloje atsopano.
Ntchito Zopanga Zamagetsi
Akatswiri opanga magetsi amakhazikika pakupanga magetsi komanso kupanga. Kupanga, kupanga, kuyesa ndi kuyang'anira kupanga zida zamagetsi. Aphunzitsidwanso kusamalira maudindo monga mawaya ndi kuyatsa m'nyumba, magalimoto ndi ndege.
Ubwino wokhala mainjiniya wamagetsi ndikuti maphunzirowa ndi ochuluka kwambiri kotero kuti omaliza maphunziro amatha kupeza ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga zomangamanga, kupanga ndi kupanga.
Kuphatikiza apo, mainjiniya amagetsi amatha kutenga nawo gawo pachitukuko ndi kafukufuku ngati othandizira asayansi ndi mainjiniya ena. Mitundu yambiri ya zida zamagetsi, kuyambira zosewerera nyimbo zonyamulika kupita ku zida za GPS, zimadutsa m'manja mwa mainjiniya amagetsi.
Amapereka njira zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kuti agwiritse ntchito chinthu china kapena kusintha ntchito zake.
Zina mwa ntchito zovuta kwambiri komanso zofunika kwambiri kwa akatswiri opanga zamagetsi, lero ndi chochitika cha mapulani omanga makina owunikira magetsi kwa ma skyscrapers, kukonza, kupanga ndi kuyika pamodzi magalimoto oyendetsedwa akutali ndi ukadaulo womanga mafakitale monga maloboti omwe amatha kuwotcherera. .
Momwe Mungakhalire Katswiri Wamagetsi
Zimatengera digiri ya bachelor kuti mukhale mainjiniya amagetsi. Ili ndi gawo la ukatswiri pankhani ya uinjiniya, ndipo maudindo awa amakonzekeretsa munthu ntchito yolowera. Ndikofunika kuyamba kuphunzira ntchito yomwe mwasankha kusukulu yasekondale.
Akatswiri opanga zamagetsi amayenera kuchita maphunziro a masamu ndi sayansi momwe angathere, kuphatikiza algebra, calculus ndi trigonometry. Maphunziro olembera nawonso ndi ofunika. Izi zili choncho chifukwa ophunzira a uinjiniya nthawi zambiri amayenera kupanga zojambula zaukadaulo.
Madigiri a bachelor amatenga zaka zinayi kuti amalize ndikuphatikiza labotale, makalasi ndi ntchito zakumunda.
Akatswiri opanga zamagetsi angafunikire kupeza digiri ya masters kapena ziphaso zina zophunzitsira kuti ayenerere maudindo ofufuza. Pali mapulogalamu azaka zisanu omwe amapereka digiri ya bachelor ndi masters palimodzi. Ayenera kuchita mayeso a Fundamental Engineering kuti apeze chilolezo pambuyo pa digiri ya bachelor ndi mayeso a Engineering Principles and Practices pambuyo pa internship.
Ntchito Zaumisiri Wachilengedwe
Uinjiniya wa chilengedwe wakhala njira yofunika kwambiri pantchito yaukadaulo masiku ano. Popanda kuyesetsa kwakukulu ndi masomphenya osatopa a akatswiri a zachilengedwe amakono, mlengalenga wa mawa sungakhale ndi moyo, monga momwe tikudziwira. Madzi ndi nthaka yathu sizidzakhala zoyera, ndipo nyanja zidzakhala zauve.
Akatswiri azachilengedwe amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za sayansi ndi uinjiniya kuteteza ndi kukonza chilengedwe. Mpweya, madzi ndi nthaka ndizofunika kwambiri. Amayang'ana njira zothetsera matenda obwera ndi madzi, kasamalidwe ka madzi oipa komanso kuwononga mpweya.
Amagwira ntchito yopititsa patsogolo kukonzanso zinthu, kutaya zinyalala komanso ukhondo wamakampani. Amasanthula zitsanzo za nthaka ndi madzi. Amamvetsetsa lamuloli momwe limagwirira ntchito pachitetezo cha chilengedwe. Akatswiriwa amayang'ana kwambiri za hydrology: madzi, zopangira mankhwala / kupanga ndi bioremediation (kuyeretsa madzi). Amayang'ana kwambiri zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi, mvula ya asidi, kusintha kwanyengo komanso zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ozone.
Amapanga matekinoloje apamwamba a mpweya ndi madzi komanso mawonekedwe amagetsi okhazikika. Chitetezo cha radiation ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe cha matekinoloje atsopano ndizofunikira zina.
Momwe Mungakhalire Katswiri Wachilengedwe
Maphunziro a uinjiniya wa chilengedwe atha kubweretsa bachelor of science (BS), masters degree (MS ndi M.Eng.), Ndi PhD.
Maphunziro olimba angaphatikizepo maphunziro ochuluka mu gawo la uinjiniya, monga uinjiniya wamagulu, maphunziro owunikira maluso owonjezera a uinjiniya wa chilengedwe, maphunziro asayansi omwe amakulitsa chidziwitso cha chilengedwe ndi maphunziro a kamangidwe. BS Ndi digiri ya zaka 4, ndipo madigiri omaliza amatha kuwonjezera miyezi 18 mpaka zaka 5 za maphunziro owonjezera.
Maphunziro apamwamba amapatsa ophunzira luso lapamwamba lothana ndi mavuto omwe alipo kale komanso kupewa kupanga zambiri. Ophunzira amapeza chidziwitso chothandiza kuchokera ku maphunziro othandiza a labotale ndikuchita nawo kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi zovuta zachilengedwe.
Mechanical Engineering Ntchito
Ntchito zamakina zamakina zimayenderana ndi mayendedwe, mphamvu ndi mphamvu. Munthu amene adaphunzira uinjiniya wamakina akufuna kuwongolera zinthuzi pogwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwazinthu zomwe zili zoyenera, kuphatikiza, chuma cha anthu ndi chuma kuti apange njira zamakina zomwe zimathandiza kukwaniritsa zofunikira ndi zokhumba za anthu.
Momwe mungakhalire mainjiniya wamakina
Njira yopangira uinjiniya wamakina ndi imodzi mwamagawo odziwika bwino komanso olipira kwambiri.
Akatswiri opanga makina ambiri ayenera kumaliza digiri yaukadaulo wamakina. Ku yunivesite, ukatswiri waukadaulo wamakina umachita maphunziro a masamu apamwamba, ma Calculus, chemistry ndi physics. Akamaliza maphunziro ofunikira awa, ophunzira amatenga maphunziro a uinjiniya mu:
- Sayansi Yanyumba
- Njira Zopangira
- Thermodynamics
- Kutentha Kwotentha
- Mphamvu Zamadzimadzi
- Kupanga Kwamakina ndi Zomangamanga
- Kinematics ndi Mphamvu zamakina
- Zida ndi Ulamuliro
- Mapulogalamu apakompyuta apamwamba
Ophunzira ayenera kuyesa kupeza ntchito yolipira kapena yosalipidwa ya engineering. Internship ingathandize wophunzira kumvetsetsa "dziko lenileni" la uinjiniya ndikugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro ndi mfundo zomwe amaphunzitsidwa mkalasi.
Internship ingathandizenso wophunzira kudziwa zomwe amakonda, mphamvu ndi zofooka zawo
Apanso, popeza maluso abwino olankhulirana apakamwa komanso olembedwa ndi ofunikira kuti munthu akhale ndi ntchito yabwino yaukadaulo wamakina, wophunzira sayenera kunyalanyaza zaluso zaufulu ndi umunthu.
Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa makampani ambiri amakampani akuluakulu omwe amalemba ntchito akatswiri opanga makina ndi ochokera kumayiko ena, chilankhulo chachiwiri chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri.
Ntchito Zaukadaulo Wamtundu wa Petroli
Njira yaumisiri wa petroleum ndi imodzi mwantchito zauinjiniya zomwe zimafuna mainjiniya kuti azikhazikika pakupanga ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo ndi njira zofukula padziko lapansi kuti atenge mafuta ndi gasi. Amapeza njira zopezera gasi kapena mafuta osapsa kuchokera m'nthaka. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri opanga mafuta amafufuza ndikupeza njira zatsopano zochotsera mafuta ndi gasi kuzitsime zakale padziko lonse lapansi.
Izi zimawerengedwa kuti ndi gawo laukadaulo lomwe limalipira kwambiri. Akatswiri opanga mafuta nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi akatswiri a geologist. Onsewa ndi ofunikira m'munda.
Akatswiri opanga mafuta a petroleum amakonza ndi kuyang'anira ntchito yoboola pomwe malo obowola atsimikiziridwa. Amawonetsetsa kuti njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimapereka kuchira kopindulitsa kwambiri.
Momwe Mungakhalire Injiniya wa Petroleum
Digiri yaukadaulo wa petroleum imafunikira kuti mupeze malo olowera. Petroleum engineering ndi imodzi mwamagawo aukadaulo waukadaulo.
Mapulogalamu nthawi zambiri amatenga zaka zinayi kuti amalize. Pali mayunivesite omwe amapereka mapulogalamu azaka zisanu omwe amangopatsa ophunzira digiri ya masters. Olemba ntchito ambiri amakonda olemba ntchito omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha ntchito.
Ndi izi, ndikwabwino kwa omaliza maphunziro kuti alandire ndalama zophunzirira kuchokera kumapulogalamu ogwirira ntchito limodzi asanalembe ntchito.
Anthu omwe akufuna maudindo apamwamba ayenera kumaliza maphunziro owonjezera ndi maphunziro. Ku USA, Ophunzira ayenera kupeza chilolezo kuti akhale mainjiniya akatswiri. Digiri ya bachelor ikamalizidwa, omaliza maphunziro amatha kutenga mayeso a Engineering Fundamentals.
Odutsa m'njira adzalandira mutu wa Ophunzitsa Ophunzitsa kapena Ophunzitsa Mainjiniya. Kutsiriza gawoli kudzakuthandizani kuti mutenge mayeso a Engineering Principles and Practice. Kutengera ndi zomwe boma likufuna, angafunike kuphunzitsidwa zambiri kuti asunge ziphaso zawo.
Njira Yopangira Ntchito Zaumisiri wa Mapulogalamu
Akatswiri opanga mapulogalamu ndi akatswiri omwe ali ndi udindo woyesa, kupanga, kukonza ndi kukonza mapulogalamu kuti agwiritse ntchito malonda ndi anthu. Amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo za masamu, uinjiniya ndi sayansi yamakompyuta popanga mapulogalamu oyang'anira.
Akatswiriwa ali ndi udindo wopanga makompyuta kuti azigwira ntchito momwe ayenera.
Mainjiniya omwe amayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga mapulogalamu amachitidwe akutenga nawo gawo pakupanga machitidwe ndi mapulogalamu omwe amapangitsa makompyuta kugwira ntchito.
Izi ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakompyuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pabizinesi kapena kunyumba. Pulogalamu yamapulogalamu imaphatikizapo kukonza zolakwika, kukonza ndikuthandizira mapulogalamu apakompyuta.
Pulogalamu yamapulogalamu imaphatikizapo ndipo pamapeto pake imagwira ntchito yopanga mapulogalamu apakompyuta ndi ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza ma processor a mawu ndi mapulogalamu azamalonda omwe amagulitsidwa kwa ogula.
Momwe mungakhalire wopanga mapulogalamu
Uinjiniya wamapulogalamu ndi imodzi mwamitundu yantchito zauinjiniya zomwe zingafune kuti ofunsira akhale ndi luso losankhidwa. Kukhoza kupanga makompyuta ndi luso la makompyuta ndizofunikira.
Kuganiza mozama kumakhudzidwanso, kuphatikiza njira zowongolera komanso chidziwitso chaukadaulo.
Kupeza digiri ya uinjiniya wamapulogalamu ndi malo abwino kuyamba ngati muli ndi chidwi chofuna kugwira ntchito imeneyi. Omwe ali ndi maphunziro oyenera m'gawo lililonse lokhudzana ndi ntchitoyi amakondedwa kwambiri ndi owalemba ntchito. Ndikofunikira kuti pulogalamu yantchito iwonetse kuchuluka kwaukadaulo pantchito yanu.
Mndandandawu uli ndi mitu ina yomwe ingakhale yothandiza popeza maluso ndi chidziwitso chofunikira pantchito yokonza mapulogalamu.
Siyani Mumakonda