Kodi Kufotokozera kwa Ntchito Yamakina Opanga Ndi Chiyani? Tikukulonjezani yankho lomveka bwino la funso ili; mupezanso ntchito zazikulu ndi malipiro aukadaulo wamakina. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuwerenga nkhaniyi mpaka kumapeto kuti mupeze zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zaukadaulo uwu ndi chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chamalipiro aukadaulo wamakina ndi zofunikira za digiri.
Kufotokozera kwa ntchito ya Mechanical engineering ndi imodzi mwazambiri kwambiri pankhani ya uinjiniya. Womaliza maphunziro m'munda wa Mechanical engineering akhoza kumanga ntchito m'malo ambiri. Ndipo chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri pantchito yomanga m'munda ndi malipiro omwe amabwera ndi Mechanical engineering.
Kuti mukhale mainjiniya wamakina, pali zokongoletsedwa Zofunikira za digiri yamakina kuti munthu ayenera kukumana asanalankhulidwe kapena kudziwika ngati Mechanical engineer.
Chidule cha Mechanical Engineering Field ndi Kufotokozera Ntchito
Ukatswiri wamakina ndi umodzi mwamagawo akale kwambiri komanso ochulukirapo aukadaulo, kufotokozera ntchito kwake kumaphatikizapo kuphatikiza mfundo za uinjiniya wakuthupi ndi masamu ndi sayansi yazinthu kupanga, kusanthula, kupanga ndi kukonza makina amakina. Ndi imodzi mwamaphunziro akale kwambiri komanso otakata kwambiri a uinjiniya.
Gawo laumisiri wamakina limafunikira kumvetsetsa madera ofunikira amakanika, mphamvu, thermodynamics, sayansi yazinthu, kusanthula kwamapangidwe ndi magetsi. Kuphatikiza pa mfundo zazikuluzikuluzi, akatswiri opanga makina amagwiritsa ntchito zida monga Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM), Computer-Aided Design (CAD) ndi Product Lifecycle Management kupanga ndi kusanthula mafakitale opanga, zida zamafakitale ndi makina, makina otenthetsera ndi ozizira, zoyendera. machitidwe, ndege, jet skis, maloboti, zida zamankhwala, zida ndi zina zambiri.
Kufotokozera kwa ntchito zamakina zamakina ngati nthambi yaukadaulo
Kufotokozera kwa ntchito zamakina zamakina monga nthambi yaukadaulo kumaphatikizapo kupanga, kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina.
Umisiri wamakina udawoneka ngati gawo panthawi yakusintha kwa mafakitale ku Europe m'zaka za zana la 18; komabe, chitukuko chake chimabwerera zaka zikwi zambiri padziko lonse lapansi. M’zaka za m’ma 19, kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi kunayambitsa chitukuko cha sayansi ya uinjiniya wamakina.
Gawoli silinayime kukula kuti liphatikize kupita patsogolo. Ophunzira omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi Mechanical Engineering Careers tsopano akutsatira zomwe zikuchitika mmadera monga zida zophatikizika, mechatronics ndi nanotechnology.
Kufotokozera kwa ntchito zamakina zamakina molingana ndi magawo ena aumisiri
Zimaphatikizanso uinjiniya wamlengalenga, zitsulo, ukadaulo wopanga, uinjiniya wamankhwala, uinjiniya wamagulu, uinjiniya wamagetsi, uinjiniya wamafakitale, ndi maphunziro ena aukadaulo mosiyanasiyana. Malongosoledwe a ntchito ya Mechanical engineering amatanthauzanso kuti atha kugwiranso ntchito m'munda wa uinjiniya wa biomedical, makamaka m'malo a biomechanics, zochitika zoyendera, bionanotechnology, biomechatronics, ndi modelling of biological systems.
General Mechanical Engineering Kufotokozera
Kufotokozera kwa akatswiri amakanika kumaphatikizapo kufufuza, kupanga, kupanga, kumanga, ndi kuyesa zida zamakina ndi zotentha, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zida, injini, ndi makina.
Akatswiri amakanika amachita izi:
- Unikani mavutowo kuti muwone momwe zida zamakina ndi zotenthetsera zingathandizire kuthetsa vutoli.
- Kupanga kapena kukonzanso zida zamakina ndi zotenthetsera pogwiritsa ntchito kusanthula kothandizidwa ndi makompyuta ndi zomangamanga.
- Pangani ndi kuyesa ma prototypes a zida zomwe amapanga. Unikani zotsatira za mayeso ndikusintha mapangidwe ngati kuli kofunikira.
- Yang'anirani njira yopangira zida.
Akatswiri amakina amapanga ndikuwunika momwe zinthu zambiri zimapangidwira, kuyambira pazida zamankhwala mpaka mabatire atsopano. Amapanganso makina opangira mphamvu, monga ma jenereta amagetsi, ma injini oyatsira mkati, ndi makina opangira nthunzi ndi gasi ndi makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, monga zoziziritsa ndi zoziziritsira mpweya. ,
Monga mainjiniya ena, mainjiniya amakina amagwiritsa ntchito makompyuta kupanga ndi kusanthula mapangidwe, kupanga zoyerekeza, ndikuyesa momwe makina angagwiritsire ntchito. Chidwi chanu pa Ntchito Zaumisiri Wamakina zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kukhazikika m'magawo omwe tawatchulawa.
Zofunikira za digiri ya Mechanical Engineering Careers
Madigiri pazaumisiri wamakina amaperekedwa m'makoleji ndi mayunivesite osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi. Mapulogalamu a digiri ya uinjiniya wamakina nthawi zambiri amatenga zaka zinayi mpaka zisanu zophunzirira ndipo zotsatira zake ndi izi:
- Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng. kapena BE)
- Bachelor of Science (B.Sc. kapena BS)
- Bachelor of Science Engineering (B.Sc.Eng.)
- Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.)
- Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (BME), kapena
- Digiri ya Bachelor of Applied Science (BASc.), mkati kapena motsindika muukadaulo wamakina.
Zofunikira za Digiri ya Mechanical Engineering ku Spain, Portugal, ndi South America
Ku Spain, Portugal ndi madera ambiri a South America, kumene BS kapena B. Tech. Mapulogalamu avomerezedwa, dzina lovomerezeka la digiriyo ndi "Mechanical Engineer" ndipo maphunzirowa amachokera pazaka zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi za maphunziro. Ku Italy, maphunzirowa adachokera pazaka zisanu zamaphunziro ndi maphunziro, koma kuti mukhale mainjiniya, muyenera kupambana mayeso a boma kumapeto kwa maphunzirowo. Ku Greece, maphunzirowa amachokera pamaphunziro azaka zisanu komanso chofunikira pa "dipuloma thesis", momwe "diploma" m'malo mwa B.Sc.
Ku United States, uinjiniya wamakina pamlingo wa undergraduate ndi ovomerezeka ndi Engineering and Technology Accreditation Board (ABET) kuti atsimikizire zofunikira ndi miyezo yofananira pakati pa mayunivesite ndi makoleji ku United States. Webusayiti ya ABET ili ndi mndandanda wa mapulogalamu 302 ovomerezeka, opanga uinjiniya wamakina kuyambira pa Marichi 11, 2014.
Mapulogalamu aumisiri wamakina ku Canada ndi ovomerezeka ndi Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB), ndipo maiko ena ambiri omwe amapereka madigiri a Engineering ali ndi ma board ovomerezeka ofanana.
Zofunikira za Digiri ya Mechanical Engineering ku Australia
Ku Australia, maphunziro aumisiri wamakina amaperekedwa ngati digiri ya bachelor mu engineering (mechanical engineering) kapena nomenclature yofananira, ngakhale pali ukadaulo wochulukirachulukira.
Digiriyi imatenga zaka zinayi zakuphunzira kwanthawi zonse kuti mukwaniritse. Kuti atsimikizire ma digiri apamwamba a uinjiniya wamakina, Engineers Australia amavomereza madigiri a engineering omwe amaperekedwa ndi mayunivesite aku Australia pansi pa Washington Accord yapadziko lonse lapansi. Asanaperekedwe digiri ya uinjiniya, wophunzirayo ayenera kukhala ndi miyezi itatu yaukadaulo muofesi yaukadaulo. Machitidwe ngati amenewa amapezekanso ku South Africa ndipo amayang'aniridwa ndi Bungwe la Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA).
Zofunikira za Digiri ya Mechanical Engineering ku India ndi Nepal
Ku India, muyenera kukhala ndi digiri ya uinjiniya monga B.Tech kapena BE, kapena dipuloma yaukadaulo kapena kuchita maphunziro aukadaulo ngati fitter kuchokera ku Industrial Training Institute (ITIs) kuti mupeze "ITI Trade Certificate" ndi pa nthawi yomweyo kudutsa All India Trade Mayeso (AITT) ndi malonda uinjiniya wokonzedwa ndi Bungwe la National Council of Vocational Training (NCVT) kudzera amene munthu kupereka "National Trade Certificate". Dongosolo lofananalo liripo ku Nepal.
Akatswiri ena amakanika amapita kukapeza digiri yoyamba, monga:
- Mphunzitsi wa Zomangamanga
- Master of Technology
- Mphunzitsi wa Sayansi
- Master of Engineering Management (M.Eng.Mgt. kapena MEM)
- Dokotala wa Philosophy mu engineering (Eng.D. kapena PhD)
Doctorate mu filosofi imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakufufuza ndipo nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati malo oyambira maphunziro. M'mabungwe ena, maphunziro a uinjiniya ali pamlingo wapakatikati pakati pa masters ndi madigiri a udokotala.
Akatswiri opanga makina amafunikira digiri ya bachelor. Monga lamulo, digiri imafunika kuti mufufuze. Mainjiniya amakanika omwe amagulitsa ntchito poyera ayenera kuvomerezedwa m'maboma onse ndi District of Columbia.
Zofunikira za General Mechanical Engineering Degree
Pafupifupi ntchito zonse zaumisiri wamakina, kapena ntchito zolowera muukadaulo wamakina zimafunikira digiri yaukadaulo wamakina kapena ukadaulo wamakina,
Mapulogalamu a digiri ya uinjiniya wamakina nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo maphunziro a masamu, physics ndi sayansi ya moyo, komanso maphunziro a uinjiniya ndi kapangidwe. Ukadaulo waumisiri wamakina umangoyang'ana pang'ono pamalingaliro komanso pakugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zaukadaulo. Mapulogalamu nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka 4, koma ophunzira ambiri amafunikira zaka 4 mpaka 5 kuti amalize digiri yawo. Mapulogalamu aumisiri wamakina amatha kuyang'ana kwambiri ma internship ndi ma cooperatives kuti akonzekeretse ophunzira kugwira ntchito m'makampani.
Makoleji ena ndi mayunivesite ena amapereka mapulogalamu azaka 5 omwe amalola ophunzira kupeza ma bachelor ndi digiri ya masters. Mapulani ena ogwirizana kwa zaka 5 kapena 6 amaphatikiza kuphunzira m'kalasi ndi ntchito yothandiza kuti ophunzira athe kudziwa zambiri komanso kupeza ndalama zothandizira maphunziro awo.
ABET imavomereza mapulogalamu aumisiri wamakina ndiukadaulo wamakina. Olemba ntchito ambiri amakonda kulemba ganyu ophunzira kuchokera ku pulogalamu yovomerezeka. Digiri yaukadaulo wamakina mu pulogalamu yovomerezeka ya ABET nthawi zambiri imafunika kuti munthu akhale mainjiniya ovomerezeka, chifukwa ndizomwe zimafunikira digiri yaukadaulo wamakina.
Mechanical Engineering Malipiro Malinga ndi dziko
Kutengera malo padziko lonse lapansi, nazi mayiko asanu ndi atatu oti muwaganizire, makamaka kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuphunzira pamalo omwe akupita patsogolo mwachangu mumakampani opanga makina. Nawa kufotokozera wamba momwe mainjiniya amagwirira ntchito ndikupeza ndalama m'maiko otsatirawa.
- Australia - malipiro a uinjiniya wamakina ku Australia pafupifupi AU $72,124
- Canada - ku Canada, pafupifupi akatswiri opanga makina amapeza $55,892 pachaka.
- France - pafupifupi € 40,225 malipiro a pachaka a akatswiri opanga makina ku France.
- Germany - mainjiniya amakanika omwe amagwira ntchito ku Germany amalandira malipiro apachaka a €44,000okhala ndi chidziwitso chazaka ziwiri.
- Italy - pafupifupi, akatswiri opanga makina amalipidwa €31,386 chaka chilichonse ku Italy.
- Japan - ntchito iyi imalipira ¥3,585,185chaka chilichonse pafupifupi ku Japan.
- United Kingdom - malipiro a uinjiniya wamakina pachaka ku UK ndi $33,023.
- United States of America - US imapatsa akatswiri opanga makina malipiro apachaka a $80,094.
Zachidziwikire, malipiro aumisiri wamakinawa amatha kusintha nthawi iliyonse osazindikira, ndipo makampani osiyanasiyana amapereka Malipiro osiyanasiyana. Atha kukhala okwera kapena otsika kuposa malipiro enieni m'makampani ena komanso malinga ndi zomwe kampaniyo idapanga. Monga United States, adalipira mainjiniya amakanika malipiro apachaka a $ 85,880 mu 2017!
Mechanical Engineering Ntchito ndi malipiro malinga ndi zomwe wakumana nazo
M'makampani ambiri ku United States of America, akatswiri opanga makina amalipidwa potengera nthawi yomwe akhala akuchita ntchitoyi.
Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti akatswiri opanga makina omwe ali ndi zaka zosachepera 1 amatha pafupifupi $ 82,007 pachaka, pomwe mainjiniya omwe ali ndi zaka 1 mpaka 2 akugwira ntchito m'munda amapeza pafupifupi $82,601; Izi ndi zofanana ndi akatswiri opanga makina omwe ali ndi zaka zitatu mpaka zaka zambiri zantchito.
Mainjiniya wamakina omwe ali ndi zaka 6 mpaka 9 azaka zambiri pantchitoyo amapeza pafupifupi $113,737, ndipo muli ndi zaka zopitilira 10 pantchitoyi, ndiye kuti mudzapeza china chake penapake pafupifupi $126,695.
Siyani Mumakonda