Pamene mukugwira ntchito munthano, dissertation, kapena pepala lililonse lofufuza, funso lofufuza ndilofunika kwambiri. Ndizovuta kufinya mbali zonse zofunika kapena mitu yaphunziro kukhala funso limodzi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake funso lofufuza nthawi zambiri limasinthika ndikusinthidwa bwino paulendo wonse wa kafukufuku. Mu bukhuli, tikuyendetsani njira yopangira funso lapamwamba kwambiri. Tiperekanso zitsanzo za mafunso ofufuza kuti zikuthandizeni kumvetsetsa bwino.
Funso lofufuza limakhala ngati maziko a phunziro lanu lonse. Zili ngati chidutswa chachikulu chazithunzi chomwe chimagwirizanitsa zonse pamodzi. Mukamafufuza kafukufuku wanu, mutha kupeza kufunika kosintha ndikusintha funso kuti mumvetse bwino zomwe mukufufuza.
Pakutha kwa nkhaniyi, mothandizidwa ndi zitsanzo zomwe zaperekedwa, mukhala mukumvetsetsa bwino momwe mungapangire funso lofufuza logwira mtima lomwe likugwirizana ndi zolinga ndi zolinga za phunziro lanu. Tiyeni tiwone mbali zofunika kwambiri popanga funso lofufuza lomwe lingatsogolere kufufuza kwanu ndi kusanthula.
Zitsanzo za Mafunso Ofufuza ndi Kufunika Kwawo M'kafukufuku
Mafunso ofufuza amakhala ndi gawo lofunikira mu kafukufuku uliwonse. Amalongosola nkhani ndi mavuto omwe akukambidwa, kupanga ndondomeko yofufuza mwadongosolo. Kwenikweni, cholinga cha kafukufuku ndikuyankha funso la kafukufuku lomwe limabweretsa.
Funso lofufuza silimangotsogolera kafukufuku komanso limakhudzanso zigawo zina zofunika monga njira ndi malingaliro. Popanga funso lomveka bwino la kafukufuku, ochita kafukufuku amatha kudziwa njira yoyenera ndi njira zosonkhanitsira ndi kusanthula deta.
Pali mitundu itatu yayikulu ya mafunso ofufuza:
- Mafunso Ofufuza Mwayekha: Izi zimayang'ana pakuwunika ndikumvetsetsa zochitika zovuta, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphatikiza zokumana nazo komanso malingaliro awo.
- Mafunso Ochuluka Ofufuza: Izi zapangidwa kuti zipeze chiwerengero cha manambala ndikuyang'ana kukhazikitsa maubwenzi kapena machitidwe kupyolera mu kusanthula ziwerengero.
- Mafunso ofufuza a Njira Zosakanikirana: Kuphatikizira mbali zonse za njira zabwino komanso zochulukira, mafunsowa amapereka chidziwitso chokwanira chavuto la kafukufuku.
Mwambiri, mafunso ofufuza amakhala ngati kampasi yomwe imatsogolera ulendo wonse wofufuza, kuwongolera njira yofufuzira ndikutsegulira njira zodziwikiratu.
Zitsanzo za Mafunso Osiyanasiyana ndi Magulu
Pofufuza, mafunso omwe mumafunsa amadalira momwe mukufunira kuchititsa phunziro lanu. Njira zomwe mumasankha zimatsogolera kupangidwa kwa mafunso anu ofufuza. Tiyeni tifufuze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mafunso ofufuza pagulu lililonse:
Mafunso Ofufuza Oyenerera: Kumvetsetsa Zomwe Zachitika
Kufufuza koyenera kumafuna kumvetsetsa zochitika, malingaliro, ndi zochitika zamagulu. Zimaphatikizapo kufufuza kuzama kwa kuyanjana kwa anthu ndi tanthauzo lomwe anthu amalingalira pazochitikazo. Nazi zitsanzo zingapo:
- Ndi zokumana nazo zotani za osamalira omwe amalumikizana ndi ana autistic kuntchito kwawo?
- Funsoli likuyang'ana pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku za anthu omwe amasamalira ana autistic, ndi cholinga chovumbulutsa zovuta, zosangalatsa, ndi zina mwazochita zawo.
- Maganizo a ophunzira ogwira ntchito m'maofesi aboma ndi otani?
- Funsoli likuyang'ana pakumvetsetsa malingaliro a ophunzira ogwira ntchito m'maofesi aboma, kupereka chidziwitso pa maudindo awo, zovuta zawo, ndi malingaliro awo okhudzana ndi ntchito zawo. chilengedwe.
Mafunso Ochuluka Ofufuza: Kusanthula Manambala ndi Zomwe Zachitika
Kafukufuku wochuluka amaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanthula deta ya manambala. Cholinga chake ndi kuzindikira machitidwe, maubwenzi, ndi zochitika pakati pa anthu. Nazi zitsanzo za mafunso ofufuza kachulukidwe:
- Kodi mavoti anali otani pa chisankho cha pulezidenti wa ku America wa 2016 poyerekeza ndi chisanachitike?
- Funsoli likufuna kuwerengera momwe anthu amavotera pazisankho zomwe zatchulidwa, kupereka chiwerengero cha nambala kufananiza ndi kusanthula mavoti.
- Kodi mbiri ya anthu aku Japan mu 2023 ndi yotani poyerekeza ndi 2013?
- Funsoli likukhudza kusonkhanitsa ziwerengero kuti timvetsetse kusintha kwa chiwerengero cha anthu ku Japan pazaka khumi, zomwe zikupereka chidziwitso pakusintha kwa anthu.
Mafunso Ofufuza a Njira Zophatikizika: Kuphatikiza Maupangiri ochokera Padziko Lonse Lapansi
Kafukufuku wosakanikirana amaphatikiza zinthu zonse zomwe zili zoyenera komanso zochulukira kuti amvetsetse bwino funso la kafukufuku. Nachi chitsanzo:
- Kodi ku China kunabadwa bwanji mu 2022, ndipo zimakhudza bwanji chilengedwe?
- Funso losakanizikali likuphatikiza manambala (chiyerekezo cha kubadwa) ndi kufufuza kwabwino kuti timvetsetse tanthauzo lachilengedwe la kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu. Zimalola kusanthula kosiyanasiyana komwe kumapitilira manambala.
Komanso Werengani: Zitsanzo za Kafukufuku Wowonera
The FINER Criteria Yofotokozedwa
Kuti muwunikire mtundu wa funso lofufuza, njira ya FINER imagwira ntchito. Pokhala ndi zigawo zazikulu zisanu, chitsanzochi chimapereka njira yowunikira kuyenera kwa funso lofufuza.
Kuthekera: Kupanga Kafukufuku Wowona Ndi Wotheka
Chigawo choyamba cha mfundo za FINER ndi "Zotheka." Ikugogomezera kufunika kowonetsetsa kuti funso lofufuza ndi loona komanso lotheka. Musanalowe muzofufuza, ndikofunikira kuwona ngati nkhani zomwe zilipo zitha kufufuzidwa bwino. Izi zikuphatikizapo kulingalira ngati wochita kafukufukuyo ali ndi kuthekera kosonkhanitsa deta yofunikira pa kafukufukuyu ndipo ali ndi luso loyenerera ndi zothandizira kuti achite zimenezo.
M'mawu osavuta, funso lofufuzira lotheka ndi lomwe liri mkati mwazochitika, poganizira luso la wofufuzayo ndi zinthu zomwe zilipo. Poyang'ana mbali iyi, ochita kafukufuku amayika maziko a kafukufuku wowona komanso wotheka, kupititsa patsogolo ubwino wa funso lawo la kafukufuku.
Zosangalatsa: Kutenga Chidwi ndi Chidwi
Gawo lachiwiri la njira za FINER ndi "Zosangalatsa." Funso lofufuzira lapamwamba kwambiri liyenera kuyambitsa chidwi ndi chidwi. Iyenera kupangidwa kuti ikope chidwi cha ofufuza komanso omwe angawerenge. Funso lochititsa chidwi la kafukufuku silimangolimbikitsa wofufuzayo komanso limapangitsa kuti phunziroli likhale losangalatsa kwa ena.
M'mawu osavuta, funso lofufuza losangalatsa ndi lomwe limawonekera ndipo limapangitsa anthu kufuna kudziwa zambiri. Powonetsetsa kuti funso la kafukufuku ndi lokopa, ochita kafukufuku amathandizira kuti kafukufuku wawo ukhale wofunikira komanso chidwi chake.
Novel: Kuonjezera Phindu ku Chidziwitso Chimene Chiripo
Gawo lachitatu ndi "Novel," lomwe likugogomezera kufunika kopereka china chatsopano ku chidziwitso chomwe chilipo kale. Funso lofufuzira lapamwamba kwambiri liyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chodzaza mipata pakumvetsetsa komwe kulipo pamutu kapena kupereka mawonekedwe apadera. Iyenera kubweretsa zachilendo m'munda, kuwonjezera phindu ku maziko a chidziwitso chophatikizidwa.
M'mawu osavuta, funso lakafukufuku watsopano ndi lomwe limabweretsa zidziwitso zatsopano kapena malingaliro. Poyang'ana gawo ili, ofufuza amaonetsetsa kuti kafukufuku wawo ali ndi kuthekera kopanga phindu lofunikira komanso loyambirira kumagulu a chidziwitso m'munda wawo.
Makhalidwe Abwino: Kuika patsogolo Umphumphu ndi Ulemu
Chigawo chachinayi, "Ethical," chikugogomezera kufunika kochita kafukufuku mwachilungamo komanso mwaulemu. Mafunso ofufuza apamwamba ayenera kutsatira mfundo zamakhalidwe abwino, kuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi moyo wabwino komanso ufulu wa omwe atenga nawo mbali. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuganizira momwe kafukufukuyu angakhudzire anthu ndi madera ndikuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse vuto lililonse.
M'mawu osavuta, funso la kafukufuku wamakhalidwe abwino ndi lomwe limalemekeza ulemu ndi ufulu wa omwe akukhudzidwa. Poika patsogolo mfundo zamakhalidwe abwino, ofufuza amathandizira kukhulupirika kwamaphunziro awo ndikuthandizira kupititsa patsogolo chidziwitso.
Zoyenera: Kuthana ndi Mavuto Oyenera
Gawo lomaliza ndi "loyenera," lomwe limatsindika kufunikira kothana ndi nkhani zoyenera. Funso lofufuzira lapamwamba kwambiri liyenera kukhala logwirizana ndi chidziwitso chamakono komanso logwirizana ndi zochitika zenizeni. Iyenera kuthandizira kuthetsa mavuto omwe alipo kapena kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zili mkati mwamunda.
M'mawu osavuta, funso lofunikira lofufuza ndi lomwe limagwirizana ndi zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano ndipo limakhala ndi tanthauzo. Powonetsetsa kufunika kwake, ofufuza amakulitsa kukhudzika kwa kafukufuku wawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira kwambiri kwa ophunzira komanso anthu onse.
Mafotokozedwe a Mafunso Osiyanasiyana a Mafunso Ofufuza
1. Mmene Shuga Amakhudzira Thupi
Funso loyamba, "Kodi shuga imakhudza bwanji thupi lanu?" ndi yotakata ndithu. Imatsegula chitseko cha mayankho ambirimbiri popanda kupereka malingaliro omveka bwino pa kafukufuku. Kumbali ina, funso lokonzedwanso, "Kodi mlingo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa 35 g shuga umakhudza bwanji mphamvu za amayi azaka 25-35?" ndi wachindunji. Kuphatikizika uku kumathandizira kufufuza komwe kukufunika, komwe kutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zosonkhanitsa deta yonse.
2. Kuthetsa Vuto la Nyumba ku Denmark
Funso lakuti "N'chifukwa chiyani ku Denmark kuli vuto la nyumba?" alibe tsatanetsatane, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulimbana nazo. Mtundu woyeretsedwa kwambiri, "Kodi mfundo za mayiko ku mayunivesite aku Danish zimakhudza bwanji kusowa ntchito komanso kukwanitsa kwa nyumba ku Denmark?" amachepetsa kuyang'ana pa nkhani inayake. Kufotokozera kumeneku kumapereka chitsogozo chomveka bwino cha kafukufuku, kumathandizira kufufuza mozama pavutoli.
3. Kufananiza Malamulo Osowa Ntchito ku US ndi Australia
Funso "Kodi ndondomeko za ulova zili bwino ku US kapena ku Australia?" ndi yokhazikika ndipo ilibe maziko omveka oyerekeza. Mosiyana ndi izi, funso lokonzedwa bwino, "Kodi US ndi Australia zimafananiza bwanji phindu la ulova pakati pa anthu otsika ndi mavuto amisala?" ndi cholinga kwambiri. Imapewa malingaliro, imayang'ana pa chiwerengero cha anthu, ndipo imayika maziko a kafukufuku wofufuza ndi kukula kodziwika bwino.
4. Kulimbikitsa kutenga nawo mbali pazisankho zachigawo
Funso lalikulu "Kodi anthu ambiri angalimbikitsidwe bwanji kutenga nawo mbali pazisankho zachigawo?" alibe zenizeni komanso zothandiza pofufuza. Kumbali ina, "Ndi njira ziti zomwe zingathandize kulimbikitsa anthu azaka zapakati pa 18-30 kuti achite nawo zisankho zachigawo?" imapereka kafukufuku wokhazikika komanso wofufuzidwa. Imawonetsa kukhalapo kwa mayankho omwe angathe, kupangitsa kuti kafukufuku amveke bwino.
Komanso Werengani: Momwe Mungalembere Dissertation: Malangizo a Gawo ndi Magawo
5. Kumvetsetsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo ku Germany
Inde-kapena-ayi funso lakuti "Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kunakula ku Germany m'zaka 5 zapitazi?" imachepetsa kuthekera kwake pakufufuza. Komabe, funso lakuti “Kodi kuchuluka kwa milandu yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwakhudza bwanji anthu, zachuma, ndi ndale ku Germany m’zaka 5 zapitazi?” amapereka kuya ndi zovuta. Funsoli likulimbikitsa kufufuza mozama pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimalimbikitsa chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Siyani Mumakonda