Kupanga mafilimu odziyimira pawokha ndi njira yabwino kwa anthu omwe amapanga makanema kwa nthawi yoyamba kapena omwe ali ndi bajeti yaying'ono. Koma, pali zifukwa zina zomwe anthu ena amakonda kupanga mafilimu paokha, m'malo mogwira ntchito mu studio yayikulu. Kanema Wodziyimira pawokha, yemwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "filimu ya indie," amapatsa wopanga mphamvu zambiri pazomwe zili, mawu, komanso mawonekedwe a kanemayo.
Popeza palibe ndalama zambiri komanso anthu ochepa pagululi, opanga mafilimu a indie amatha kukhala nawo mbali zonse zopanga mafilimu awo. Izi zimawathandiza kukhala ndi ufulu wambiri pofotokoza nkhani yomwe ali nayo m’maganizo.
Mwachidule, kupanga mafilimu odziyimira pawokha kuli ngati njira yodzipangira nokha yopanga mafilimu, pomwe wopangayo ali ndi mphamvu zopanga zisankho zomwe zimalowa mufilimuyo. Itha kukhala kuti ilibe bajeti yayikulu yamakanema apa studio, koma imapereka mwayi wapadera kwa opanga mafilimu kuti adziwonetsere okha ndikupanga china chake komanso chatanthauzo.
Kodi Filimu ya Indie ndi chiyani?
Filimu ya indie ndi kanema, waufupi kapena wamtali, wopangidwa popanda kuphatikizidwa ndi masitudiyo akuluakulu kapena makampani akuluakulu opanga. Mafilimuwa nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi ndalama zochepa, kuyambira ku bajeti yaing'ono ya madola masauzande angapo (otchedwa "micro-bajeti") mpaka madola mamiliyoni angapo. Mwachitsanzo, Ntchito ya Blair Witch (1999), motsogoleredwa ndi Eduardo Sánchez ndi Daniel Myrick, adapangidwa ndi ndalama zokwana madola 60,000. Motsutsana, Jason Reitman's Juno (2007) anali ndi bajeti ya $ 6.5 miliyoni, ndipo Danny Boyle's Slumdog Millionaire (2008) anali ndi bajeti ya $ 15 miliyoni-komabe mafilimu onsewa amagwera m'gulu la mafilimu odziimira okha.
Kupanga mafilimu a indie kumalola otsogolera kuti afufuze malingaliro opanga ndi nkhani zapadera kunja kwa zopinga zazikulu za studio. Zimapereka nsanja yowonetsera mwaluso ndi nkhani zosiyanasiyana, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakopa omvera omwe amayamikira nthano zatsopano komanso zosagwirizana. Ngakhale kuti pali zovuta zokhudzana ndi ndalama zochepa, mafilimu a indie adziwika chifukwa cha luso lawo lopereka zinthu zokopa komanso zopatsa chidwi.
Mfundo Zofunikira Pakupanga Kanema Wa Indie
Kupanga filimu yodziyimira pawokha kumaphatikizapo zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zingakhudze kwambiri chipambano cha polojekiti yanu. Musanalowe m'dziko lopanga mafilimu odziyimira pawokha, ndikofunikira kuunika mozama zinthu izi:
1. Kupanga Script Yokakamiza:
Maziko a filimu iliyonse yodziimira ali mu script yake. Kaya mukusankha filimu yoti mupangire nokha kapena kupanga nthano nokha, script imakhazikitsa kamvekedwe ka polojekiti yanu. Ngakhale mafilimu a indie amapatsa opanga mphamvu zowongolera zomwe ali nazo poyerekeza ndi zomwe amapanga situdiyo, ndikofunikira kuzindikira zoperewera.
Nkhani zomwe zimafuna zambiri zapadera, malo akutali, kapena zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi makompyuta (CGI) sizingakhale zoyenera kwa opanga mafilimu odziyimira pawokha, makamaka omwe akulowa mufilimu yawo yoyamba.
2. Kusankha Bajeti Yopanga:
Kumvetsetsa mbali zachuma ndikofunikira. Onani kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe filimu yanu imafunikira popanga komanso kuchuluka kwa zomwe mungathandizire. Ngati mulibe wopanga ndalama kapena thandizo kuchokera ku studio yodziyimira pawokha, kupeza ndalama kumakhala ntchito yovuta.
Bajeti ikuyenera kukhudza osati ndalama zopangira zokha komanso zowonongera zachitukuko chisanadze, inshuwaransi yopangira, komanso kupanga pambuyo pakupanga, komwe kusintha ndi kusakanikirana kwamawu kumachitika. Kufufuza njira zothandizira ndalama monga kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera kwa achibale ndi abwenzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito nsanja zopezera ndalama zambiri monga Kickstarter kapena Indiegogo zingakhale zothandiza.
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3. Zosankha Zochita Moganizira:
Mosiyana ndi zopanga zama studio zomwe zimadalira ochita zisudzo okhazikika kuti azitha kutsatsa, opanga mafilimu odziyimira pawokha amayenera kuganizira mozama zomwe angasankhe pazachuma. Ngakhale kuti ochita zisudzo otchuka amakopa chidwi cha filimuyo, amabwera ndi mtengo wokwera. Ganizirani kufunika kwa gawo lililonse ndipo pewani kuwononga kwambiri zilembo zazing'ono pongofuna kuzindikirika ndi mayina. M'malo mwake, perekani zothandizira kwa ochita masewera omwe amakweza gulu lonse.
Kufufuza talente kumatha kuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuyambira m'makalabu otsogola ndi zochitika zosimba nthano mpaka kuyimba kwapaintaneti, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wopeza osewera aluso osapitilira bajeti yanu.
Momwe Mungadzipangire Yekha Kanema Wa Indie: Kalozera Wam'mbali ndi Magawo
Kupanga kanema wodziyimira pawokha popanda zida zambiri za Hollywood kungakhale ntchito yovuta koma yopindulitsa.
M'chigawo chino cha nkhaniyi, tikuyendetsani njira yopangira filimu yanu ya indie, kuchokera pakupeza malemba oyenera kuti muwonetsere pa zikondwerero za mafilimu. Ngakhale ma studio aku Hollywood ali ndi magulu ambiri, kupanga kwanu kwa indie kudzadalira inu ndi antchito ochepa, kutembenuza kupanga mafilimu a bajeti kukhala ulendo wodzipangira nokha (DIY).
1. Lembani Script Yanu
Filimu iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za bajeti, imachokera ku script. Onetsetsani kuti lingaliro lanu likugwirizana ndi zopinga za kupanga bajeti yochepa. Mwachitsanzo, kusankha filimu yopeka ya sayansi yokhala ndi zotsatira zambiri, mbiri yakale, ndi zodzoladzola zapamwamba sikungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira filimu yodziyimira payokha. Ngati ndinu wojambula pakompyuta, ganizirani mozama zisankho zaluso monga mtundu, kuchuluka kwa anthu, ndi makonda.
Kusintha nkhani yanu kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo kudzakhala kopindulitsa pakapita nthawi. Ganizirani izi pamene mukuyang'ana dziko la kupanga mafilimu otsika mtengo, ndikutsegulira njira yopambana komanso yogwirizana ndi bajeti.
2. Sinthani Bajeti Yanu Yakanema
Mukangopanga nkhani yanu, werengera ndalama zomwe zikukhudzidwa. Bajeti yanu idzakhudza kusankha kwa gulu lanu ndi ogwira nawo ntchito, kupeza zida, kupeza malo, kupeza zilolezo, ndikugwira ntchito zopanga pambuyo pakupanga. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi maudindo angapo monga wolemba, wotsogolera, ndi wotsogolera, ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo cha anthu ochepa odziwa zambiri, makamaka omwe amazolowera bajeti yanu.
Kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi akatswiriwa kudzakulitsa ulendo wanu wopanga mafilimu. Kumvetsetsa kagawidwe ka ndalama ku dipatimenti iliyonse kumathandizira kuyang'anira kasamalidwe ka ndalama zopangira, ndikukulepheretsani kupitilira bajeti yanu yochepa. Mwa kukonza bajeti yanu pasadakhale, mumakhazikitsa maziko opangira mafilimu osavuta komanso owongolera.
3. Mangani Gulu Lanu
Sonkhanitsani gulu lanu pozindikira maudindo ofunikira pakupanga kwanu ndikuyika patsogolo kukwaniritsidwa kwawo.
Ngati mukutenga udindo wa director, makamaka ngati ndi ntchito yanu yoyambira, ganizirani kulemba ganyu katswiri wazojambula zamakanema, yemwe amadziwikanso kuti director of photography (DP). DP waluso yemwe amamvetsetsa masomphenya anu opanga ndipo amatha kuyang'anira kamera, kuyatsa, ndi zinthu zina zaukadaulo sizimangowonjezera phindu lopanga - kukonza mawonekedwe a filimuyo - komanso kuwongolera njirayo, kukulolani kuti muyang'ane pa maudindo ena.
Kugwirizana koyenera m'maudindo ofunikirawa kumapangitsa kuti pakhale bwino komanso kuchita bwino pakupanga mafilimu.
4. Pezani Osewera Anu
Mukasonkhanitsa osewera anu, ganizirani zosankha zingapo zotsika mtengo zomwe zingapezeke kwa osewera omwe ali oyenera ndi Screen Actors Guild (SAG). Ngakhale kuti mapanganowa amawononga ndalama zambiri, amawononga ndalama zambiri. Malingana ndi momwe SAG-AFTRA imayendera bajeti yotsika, ochita masewera amalipidwa pamtengo watsiku ndi tsiku wa $125. Ngakhale izi zitha kuwoneka zocheperako, kuwombera masiku asanu ndi atatu kumafika $1,000. Kumbukirani kuti ndalama zowonjezera ndizofunikira mu bajeti yanu kuti muthe kulipira anthu ena ofunikira komanso ndalama zamwadzidzi ngati mutakhala ndi nthawi yowonjezera.
Kuti muchepetse kupsinjika kwachuma, fufuzani malo omwe angakhale ochita masewerawa. Njira yolimbikirayi imatha kuthandizira kwambiri pakuwongolera ndalama ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino mkati mwazovuta za bajeti.
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5. Konzani Masiku Ojambula
Konzekerani masiku anu owombera popanga kalozera wopanga. Bukuli liyenera kukhala ndi mndandanda wazowombera, masanjidwe a zochitika, zambiri zamunthu, ndandanda, ndi chidziwitso chilichonse chofunikira pakuwombera kwanu. Kuphatikiza apo, khalani ndi dongosolo losunga zobwezeretsera pakagwa zopinga, monga kutaya malo kapena nyengo yosasangalatsa yomwe ikukhudza zochitika zakunja. Mafilimu onse amakumana ndi zovuta, ndipo ndikofunikira kukhala okonzekera zochitika zosayembekezereka.
Ngati script yanu ikukhudza nyengo inayake, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimakukomerani. M'malo mogwiritsa ntchito zida zodula monga makina amvula, konzani kujambula panthawi yamvula yamkuntho. Nthawi zonse yembekezerani zochitika zoyipa kwambiri ndipo ganizirani mozama za momwe mungasinthire zovuta kukhala zopindulitsa pakuwombera kwanu. Njira yolimbikitsirayi ithandiza kuti kujambula kukhale kosavuta.
6. Samalani ndi Kupanga Pambuyo
Samalani pambuyo pakupanga - ndikofunikira. Akonzi ali ndi mphamvu zosintha filimu yabwino kukhala yabwino kwambiri. Ziribe kanthu momwe mwajambulira bwino zithunzi zanu, popanda mkonzi, ndizopanda pake.
Ngati simukudziwa bwino pulogalamu yosinthira, tikulimbikitsidwa kupanga bajeti ya mkonzi waluso. Kapangidwe ka mawu nakonso ndikofunikira. Kusakanizika kosamveka bwino kungapangitse filimu yanu kuwoneka ngati yachibwanawe, pomwe mamvekedwe abwino kwambiri amatha kuyikweza, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yaukadaulo.
Kupanga pambuyo ndipamene masomphenya anu amapangidwa, kubweretsa zinthu zonse palimodzi kuti mupange chomaliza chopukutidwa. Musanyalanyaze gawo lofunikirali; ndi pamene matsenga amachitika.
7. Lowani Zikondwerero Zamafilimu Kuti Muwonetse Kanema Wanu Wodziimira
Mukatha kujambula ndikusintha filimu yanu ndikupeza mayankho kuchokera kwa anzanu, ndi nthawi yogawana ndi dziko lapansi. Zikondwerero zamakanema zimapereka nsanja yowonetsera, ndipo otchuka ngati Sundance kapena SXSW amatha kukulitsa mawonekedwe a kanema wanu. Kumbukirani kuti kupita ku zikondwererozi kungaphatikizepo ndalama zoyendera pokhapokha ngati muli kwanuko.
Ngakhale zili choncho, kuchita nawo zikondwerero kumawonjezera mwayi wokopa wofalitsa mafilimu. Kupeza wogawa ndikofunikira chifukwa kumatsegula zitseko kwa omvera ambiri a kanema wanu wodziyimira pawokha. Ganizirani zopereka ntchito yanu ku zikondwerero zosiyanasiyana kuti muwonjezere mwayi wodziwika ndi kupambana mumakampani opanga mafilimu.
Siyani Mumakonda