Switzerland is famous for its high quality of life, well-developed infrastructure, and commitment to environmental sustainability.
The key to Switzerland’s success and social harmony lies in its rich diversity, attributed to the country’s four official languages. The question is; what languages are spoken in Switzerland?
Unlike other multilingual communities, Switzerland successfully avoids common social tensions. The Swiss people’s ability to speak four official languages serves as a major strength.
Although these languages are spoken throughout the country, they are predominantly concentrated in specific regions. This linguistic diversity contributes to Switzerland’s unique cultural mosaic, fostering a sense of unity and understanding among its people.
The Swiss embrace their multilingualism, creating a harmonious environment where different linguistic communities coexist peacefully. This inclusive approach not only enhances social cohesion but also reflects the country’s commitment to embracing diversity as a fundamental aspect of its identity.
Awọn ede ti a sọ ni Switzerland
Èdè Swiss German
Swiss German is the most commonly spoken language in Switzerland. About 60% of people speak it, especially in the north, centre, and east of the country. Locals call it Schwyzerdütsch, ati pe o jẹ awọn ede-ede Alemannic ti a ko lo mọ ni Germany tabi Austria.
Swiss kids learn Standard German in school, so they can talk easily with Germans, Austrians, and other German speakers. They switch to Standard German easily when talking with someone who doesn’t speak Swiss German.
Since not all Swiss German dialects have a standard written form, laws, books, and newspapers are written in Standard German. That’s why most Swiss Germans call it Schriftdeutsch, which means “written German.”
Swiss German isn’t just one dialect— it varies a lot depending on where you are. For example, the dialect in Zurich is different from Basel, and it’s even more different in an Alpine village.
Formal situations usually use Standard German, especially if there are non-Swiss German speakers around. But in private and among Swiss Germans, dialects are the norm.
Ede Faranse Swiss
French is the dominant language in the western part of the country, a region known as Swiss French.
Gẹgẹ bi Wikipedia, about 22% of the Swiss population speaks French, making it a significant linguistic influence in cities like Geneva and Lausanne. If you’re planning a trip to these Swiss destinations, having a French dictionary could be handy, as they are primarily French-speaking areas.
Ti a fiwera si awọn iyatọ laarin Swiss German ati German Standard, awọn iyatọ laarin Swiss French ati Faranse ti a sọ ni Faranse jẹ kere si sisọ. Botilẹjẹpe awọn iyatọ diẹ wa ninu awọn fokabulari ati awọn ikosile, awọn ẹni-kọọkan ti o ni oye ni Standard French yẹ ki o rii pe o rọrun lati mu Faranse Faranse.
Ìtànkálẹ̀ èdè Faransé ní àwọn ìlú Switzerland dá àyíká èdè tí ó yàtọ̀ síra, tí ó mú kí ó ṣàǹfààní fún àwọn arìnrìn-àjò láti ní ìmọ̀ díẹ̀ nípa èdè náà. Boya o n ṣawari ọlọrọ aṣa ti Geneva tabi gbadun ẹwa iwoye ti Lausanne, nini oye ipilẹ ti Faranse le jẹki iriri rẹ ati awọn ibaraẹnisọrọ pẹlu awọn agbegbe.
Tun Ka: Awọn ede Pataki julọ Lati Kọ ẹkọ Fun Awọn aye diẹ sii
Èdè Itali Swiss
Swiss Italians reside in the southern part of Switzerland, near the border with Italy. With a population of 673,000 speakers, they constitute almost 8% of the country’s population.
For anyone familiar with Italian or learning the language, Swiss Italian is relatively easy to comprehend, similar to Swiss French. The main distinction lies in a few significant loanwords from German and French.
Despite the existence of local dialects such as Ticinese and other Lombard-influenced variations, Swiss Italian closely resembles Standard Italian in Switzerland.
In contrast to Standard Italian, Swiss Italian stands out for its use of “calques,” phrases that seem like literal translations from French and German.
For instance, while the Italian term for “driver’s license” is “Patente,” Swiss Italians use “Licenza di condurre,” a direct translation from the French term “permis de conduire.” Despite these linguistic nuances, the overall communication between Swiss Italians and speakers of Standard Italian remains quite smooth.
Èdè Romansh
Romansh is a small language spoken by only 37,000 people. It became a national language in Switzerland in 1938, but it wasn’t until 1996 that it gained official recognition.
In the southeastern canton of Grisons, Romansh is an official language used in governance and education, as well as in everyday communication within the community.
Pelu ti nkọju si idije lati Itali ati German, Romansh ti ye sinu 21st orundun. Eyi jẹ apakan nitori ọpọlọpọ awọn agbọrọsọ Romansh wa lati awọn agbegbe ti o ya sọtọ, awọn oke-nla ni guusu ila-oorun Switzerland.
The influence of the German language on Romansh is significant. Despite its small speaker base, Romansh has five dialects that are used in daily life. Efforts by the government to promote a unified “pan-Romansh” have had mixed results at the local level.
Oniruuru ede pupọ ni Switzerland
Switzerland emphasizes the importance of adopting the national language for integration. However, a significant number of immigrants in the country still prefer communicating in their native languages.
Gẹgẹ bi the Swiss Federal Statistical Office, commonly spoken languages in the country include English, Portuguese, Albanian, etc.
A notable percentage of the population in Switzerland primarily communicates in languages other than the national ones. About 5.8% of the population speaks English, 3.5% speaks Portuguese, 3.2% communicate in Albanian, 2.3% in Serbo Croatian, and 2.4% in Spanish. Additionally, there is an 8.2% portion that uses languages falling under the category of “Other.”
Oniruuru ede ni Switzerland ṣe afihan ibagbepọ ti awọn ede oriṣiriṣi laarin awọn agbegbe rẹ. Pelu tcnu lori ede orilẹ-ede fun isọdọmọ orilẹ-ede, wiwa ti awọn ede pupọ ṣe afihan teepu aṣa ọlọrọ ti o ṣe apẹrẹ nipasẹ ọpọlọpọ awọn aṣikiri orilẹ-ede. Awọn iṣiro naa ṣe afihan pataki ti nlọ lọwọ ti idanimọ ati gbigba oniruuru ede ni Switzerland.
Tun Ka: Kini Isọdọkan Asa?
Ẹ kí ni Oríṣiríṣi Èdè Sọ ní Switzerland
Four different official languages are spoken in Switzerland. Here are some simple greetings you can use:
Pẹlẹ o:
- Ni Swiss German, o sọ "Hallo."
- Ni Swiss French, o jẹ "Bonjour."
- Ni Swiss Italian, o le sọ "Ciao."
- Ni Romansh, o ni awọn aṣayan diẹ: “Cia,” “Tgau,” tabi “Allegra.”
O dabọ:
- Lati sọ o dabọ ni German German, o sọ “Auf Wiedersehen.”
- Ni Swiss French, o jẹ "Au revoir."
- Ni Swiss Italian, iwọ yoo sọ "Addio."
- Ni Romansh, o jẹ "Ade."
Jowo:
- Ti o ba fẹ sọ jọwọ ni Swiss German, o sọ "Bitte."
- Ni Swiss French, o jẹ "S'il vous plaît."
- Ni Swiss Italian, o le sọ "Fun favore."
- Ni Romansh, o jẹ "Per plaschair."
E dupe:
- Lati sọ o ṣeun ni Swiss German, o sọ "Danke."
- Ni Swiss French, o jẹ "Merci."
- Ni Swiss Italian, o sọ "Grazie."
- Ni Romansh, o jẹ "Grazia."
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