Ottava rima paj huam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 14th ua tsaug rau Italian kws sau paj lug Giovanni Boccaccio. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov paj huam tshwj xeeb no los ntawm nws cov haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig. Ottava rima muaj cov stanzas ua los ntawm yim kab, feem ntau nrog cov lus sib dhos ntawm ABABABCC.
Qhov no poetic style kis dhau ltalis thiab tau nrov hauv cov ntaub ntawv Askiv thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance. Nws cov qauv tsim thiab cov qauv sib dhos ua rau nws nyiam xaiv ntawm cov kws sau paj huam.
Cov piv txwv nto moo ntawm ottava rima suav nrog Tswv Byron zaj paj huam "Don Juan," qhov chaw uas nws siv daim ntawv no los qhia txog kev lom zem ntawm tus protagonist. Tsis tas li ntawd, Alexander Pushkin, ib tug kws sau paj huam Lavxias teb sab, tau siv ottava rima hauv nws txoj haujlwm "Eugene Onegin," uas ua rau nws muaj koob meej ntau yam lus thiab kab lis kev cai.
Kev siv ottava rima txuas ntxiv hloov zuj zus mus rau lub sijhawm, nrog rau ntau tus kws sau paj huam sim thiab muab tso rau hauv lawv cov ntawv sau. Nws versatility tso cai rau cov kws sau paj lug los tshawb txog ntau lub ntsiab lus thiab cov lus piav qhia nyob rau hauv lub confines ntawm nws cov qauv txheej txheem, ua rau nws ib tug enduring thiab adaptable daim ntawv paj huam nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm.
Ottava Rima Paj huam yog dab tsi?
Ottava rima paj huam yog ib hom paj huam uas tuaj ntawm ltalis. Txhua zaj paj huam muaj yim kab nyob rau hauv ib kab lus, thiab lawv ua raws li ib qho kev sib dhos: ABABABCC. Cov paj huam no feem ntau yog siv rau cov dab neeg loj lossis cov dab neeg txog tus phab ej thiab kev lom zem. Lawv tau nrov nyob rau hauv epic paj huam.
Thomas Wyatt, tus kws lij choj Askiv thiab kws sau paj huam, pom cov qauv Italian stanza nthuav. Nws muab lawv txhais ua lus Askiv. Tom qab ntawd, tib neeg pib siv cov style no los sau cov paj huam lom zem thiab sarcastic heev. Piv txwv li, John Hookham Frere tau sau "Cov Monks thiab Giants," thiab Tswv Byron sau "Don Juan" siv ottava rima.
Cov paj huam no tau paub txog lawv cov qauv - lawv tau teeb tsa li cas nrog cov kab thiab cov lus sib dhos. Lawv tso cai rau cov kws sau paj lug qhia cov dab neeg ntev los yog ua kev lom zem txog tej yam loj. Lawv zoo li lub moj khaum uas cia cov neeg sau ntawv ua si nrog cov tswv yim sib txawv thiab lub suab. Cov neeg nyiam ottava rima rau nws ntau yam - nws tuaj yeem daws ob qho tib si loj thiab lom zem, muab cov kws sau paj huam ntau txoj kev ywj pheej los qhia lawv tus kheej.
Rhyme Scheme thiab Structure ntawm Ottava Rima Paj huam
Ottava Rima paj huam yog tsim los ntawm stanzas uas muaj yim kab txhua. Cov lus sib dhos feem ntau ua raws li tus qauv ABABABCC, qhov twg thawj rau rau kab hloov pauv hauv lawv cov lus sib dhos kom txog rau thaum ob kab kawg tsim ib qho kev sib txuas nrog ob kab lus. Txhua kab hauv cov paj huam no feem ntau muaj 10 lub suab, siv iambic pentameter, txawm li cas los xij, hauv qee qhov kev txhais lus, 11 lub suab yuav raug siv.
Cov paj huam no tuaj yeem nyob ib leeg nrog ib qho stanza lossis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ntau lub stanzas, tso cai rau ntau hom suab thiab cov ntsiab lus. Cov kws sau paj huam muaj npe nrov tau ua haujlwm ottava rima los tsim lub siab dawb paug thiab ua haujlwm hnyav, thaum lwm tus tau siv nws los ua kom txaus siab lossis ua yeeb yam thuam cov rooj sib tham ntawm hom ntawv nws tus kheej.
Piv txwv li, Tswv Byron, ib tug neeg tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv paj huam, siv ottava rima nyob rau hauv nws renowned hauj lwm "Don Juan," qhov uas nws muab ib tug loj kev lom zem, showcasing lub versatility ntawm no poetic daim ntawv. Cov qauv yooj yim tso cai rau cov kws sau paj lug sim nrog ntau lub ntsiab lus, lub suab, thiab kev xav hauv qhov kev txwv ntawm qhov kev sib dhos thiab cov qauv tsim.
Ottava Rima 5 Cov paj huam tseem ceeb
Ottava rima yog ib daim ntawv sau paj huam uas qhia los ntawm nws cov qauv ntawm yim kab stanzas nrog cov lus piav qhia tshwj xeeb (ABABABCC). Nws tau ua hauj lwm thoob plaws ntau yam kev sau ntawv, xws li los ntawm cov lus piav qhia loj mus rau kev lom zem thiab kev sau nkauj. Tshawb nrhiav tsib qhov piv txwv tshwj xeeb muab kev nkag siab rau hauv daim ntawv poetic no thiab nws cov kev siv sib txawv.
1. "Cov Monks thiab Giants" los ntawm John Hookham Frere:
Cov paj huam lom zem thiab lom zem no ua haujlwm raws li kev hais lus ntawm Arthurian. Los ntawm wit thiab jest, Frere parodies cov dab neeg legendary ntawm King Arthur thiab nws cov knights, muab ib tug lighthearted foundations rau lub zoo-paub dab neeg.
2. "Beppo" los ntawm Tswv Byron:
Ua ntej tsim nws lub npe nrov mock epic "Don Juan," Byron crafted paj huam satirical "Beppo." Nws subverts cov lus piav qhia los ntawm kev hloov lub npe ntawm tus poj niam los ntawm ib tug poj niam mus rau ib tug neeg yooj yim swayed los ntawm cov poj niam. Los ntawm kev thuam thiab thuam, Byron thuam kev coj noj coj ua hauv zej zog thiab stereotypes.
3. "Ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv Cov Me Nyuam" los ntawm William Butler Yeats:
Muab kev pom ntiag tug rau Yeats tus kheej kev xav txog kev nco, zaj paj huam no piav qhia txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev laus, hluas, thiab lub sijhawm dhau los. Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev sib txawv, Yeats "Sailing to Byzantium" piv txwv li tshawb txog kev taug kev ntawm sab ntsuj plig, xav txog kev nrhiav kev tsis txawj tuag thiab kev ua yeeb yam.
4. "Isabella: los yog lub lauj kaub ntawm Basil" los ntawm John Keats:
Keats rub kev tshoov siab los ntawm Boccaccio tus cwj pwm los ua ib zaj dab neeg macabre ntawm kev hlub thiab kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv cov qauv ottava rima. Cov lus piav qhia tu siab no nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv ib kab ntawm yim kab stanzas, tshawb txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev hlub, kev ntxeev siab, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev mob siab rau uas tsis tau txheeb xyuas.
5. "Tus poj dab ntawm Atlas" los ntawm Percy Bysshe Shelley:
Shelley's paj huam nthuav tawm raws li ib zaj dab neeg zoo nkauj thiab paub daws teeb meem thoob plaws 78 ottava rima stanzas. Los ntawm cov duab zoo nkauj thiab kev xav txog zaj dab neeg, Shelley crafts ib zaj dab neeg uas navigates lub realms ntawm fantasy, tshawb txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm khawv koob, kev zoo nkauj, thiab tib neeg kev.
Sau ntawv cia Ncua