Ageism hais txog kev ntxub ntxaug lossis kev ntxub ntxaug rau tib neeg raws li lawv lub hnub nyoog. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv ntau txoj hauv kev, xws li kev ntxub ntxaug hauv chaw ua haujlwm uas ib tus neeg yuav tsis tau txais txoj haujlwm lossis nce qib vim lawv hnub nyoog. Adultism yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov hnub nyoog, uas yog thaum cov neeg laus ua phem rau cov hluas tsis ncaj ncees los yog tsis coj lawv tiag. Digital ageism tshwm sim thaum cov neeg laus raug cais tawm lossis tsis saib xyuas hauv kev siv lossis kev nkag mus.
Lwm daim ntawv yog qhov pom kev muaj hnub nyoog, feem ntau pom hauv xov xwm xws li Hollywood, qhov twg stereotypes txog hnub nyoog txwv lub sijhawm rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam lossis cov yeeb yam. Ageism txawm cuam tshuam rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb, qhov twg qee pawg hnub nyoog yuav raug saib xyuas lossis qhia tsis tseeb. Nws kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv kev kho mob, qhov twg cov neeg laus yuav tsis tau txais kev kho mob zoo lossis kev saib xyuas.
Kev cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj hnub nyoog tuaj yeem nyuaj. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev puas siab puas ntsws, tus kheej tsim nyog, thiab nyiaj txiag. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj txoj hauv kev los tawm tsam nws. Qhov no suav nrog kev txhawb nqa kev paub, nyuaj rau kev kho tsis ncaj ncees, thiab txhawb kev koom nrog hauv chaw ua haujlwm thiab lub neej txhua hnub. Kev sawv tawm tsam kev muaj hnub nyoog tuaj yeem ua qhov sib txawv hauv kev tsim kom muaj kev hwm thiab ncaj ncees rau tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog.
Ageism yog dab tsi?
Ageism yog thaum tib neeg txiav txim siab lossis ua phem rau lwm tus vim lawv lub hnub nyoog. Nws tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm lossis hauv koj tus kheej lub neej, cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus thiab cov hluas. Tab sis cov laus feem ntau ntsib kev ntxub ntxaug ntau dua vim peb lub zej zog nyiam qhuas cov hluas ntau dua.
Qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees no pib ntxov. Txawm yog menyuam yaus los, peb kawm tias kev laus tsis zoo thiab cov laus tsis tuaj yeem tswj hwm yam tsis zoo. Peb pom qhov no hauv kev tshaj tawm cog lus tias yuav ua rau wrinkles ploj lossis TV qhia txog cov neeg laus uas tsis paub. Cov lus tso dag thiab cov lus los ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg tuaj yeem nthuav tawm cov tswv yim muaj hnub nyoog.
Ageism tau pom tias zoo dua li kev ntxub ntxaug lwm haiv neeg lossis kev sib deev, tab sis nws tseem yog qhov teeb meem loj. Kho nws yuav tsis tshwm sim thaum hmo ntuj, tseem tsis quav ntsej nws tsis yog lo lus teb. Koj tuaj yeem ua tej yam los tawm tsam kev laus. Los ntawm kev nqis tes ua, koj ua kom lub neej zoo dua rau koj tus kheej thiab pab tsim kom muaj kab lis kev cai ncaj ncees uas cov stereotypes tsis muaj teeb meem thiab kev ntxub ntxaug tshwm sim tsawg dua.
Piv txwv Ageism
1. Kev ntxub ntxaug hauv chaw ua haujlwm
Ageism hauv chaw ua haujlwm yog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws yuav tsum tau ua nrog kev kho tsis ncaj ncees rau cov neeg laus hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab tau hais los ntawm Loretto hauv xyoo 2000. Palmore ntxiv tias cov thawj coj feem ntau sau cov neeg ua haujlwm siab tawv txog kev hloov pauv, tsis muaj tswv yim, thiab nyuaj rau qhia, raws li nws txoj kev tshawb fawb xyoo 1999.
Lub caij no, cov poj niam ntsib ntau lub hnub nyoog kev tsis ncaj ncees raws li lawv feem ntau xav tias yuav tawm ntawm kev ua haujlwm thaum muaj menyuam. Qhov kev ntxub ntxaug no tuaj yeem txwv txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab cuam tshuam li cas cov neeg ua haujlwm laus raug pom thiab raug kho, ua rau nws nyuaj rau lawv loj hlob hauv lawv txoj haujlwm.
Nws tsis yog hais txog kev ncaj ncees xwb; Nws yog hais txog kev ua kom txhua tus muaj kev txhaj tshuaj zoo ntawm lawv txoj haujlwm, tsis hais lawv hnub nyoog lossis poj niam txiv neej. Tias yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj kev txhawb nqa rau cov chaw ua haujlwm kom txhawb nqa ntau haiv neeg thiab kho txhua tus raws li lawv cov kev txawj thiab kev muaj peev xwm, tsis yog kev xav lossis kev xav raws li hnub nyoog lossis poj niam txiv neej.
Kuj nyeem: 15 Ingroup Bias Piv txwv
2. Hnub nyoog raws li cov qauv
Cov hnub nyoog raws li kev xav tau muaj ntau, tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau cov neeg laus. Cov neeg feem ntau sau npe tsis nco qab hauv cov neeg laus ua "lub sijhawm laus," txawm tias leej twg tuaj yeem hnov qab yam. Cov lus phem xws li "tus txiv neej qias neeg" lossis "tus menyuam yaus thib ob" ua rau muaj hnub nyoog, ua kom peb pom cov neeg laus.
Muaj txawm tias ib lo lus, "hnub tas sij hawm," hais txog qhov taw tes tom qab uas ib tug neeg pom tias tsis tshua nyiam hauv kev sib tham. Cov stereotypes no tsim cov kev txiav txim tsis ncaj ncees txog cov neeg laus, piv txwv tias lawv txhua tus tsis nco qab lossis tsis xav tau ntxiv lawm. Lawv saib tsis taus qhov zoo thiab kev paub ntawm txhua tus neeg, ua tsis ncaj ncees pab pawg raws li hnub nyoog.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tawm tsam cov stereotypes no, paub tias hnub nyoog tsis txhais tau tias ib tus neeg muaj nqis lossis peev xwm. Txhua tus neeg, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas, tsim nyog tau txais kev hwm thiab kev kho kom ncaj ncees, tsis pub dhau cov kev txwv thiab kev ntseeg tsis raug. Kev koom nrog ntau haiv neeg hauv cov kev paub dhau los thiab tus kheej ntawm cov neeg laus tuaj yeem pab rhuav tshem cov kev tsis zoo no.
3. Kev laus
Adultism yog thaum cov laus nyiam cov hluas, thiab muaj kev tsis ncaj ncees rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas. Cov neeg feem ntau xav tias cov menyuam yaus tsis tuaj yeem pab txhawb ntau thiab tsis quav ntsej lawv lub tswv yim. Cov tub ntxhais hluas kuj tseem yuav tsum ua raws li qhov tshwj xeeb vim lawv tseem hluas. Lwm lub tswv yim hais txog yog "adultocracy," uas tib neeg ntseeg hais tias tsuas yog cov neeg laus yog cov laus thiab cov thawj coj piv rau cov hluas. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov neeg laus tuav lub hwj chim thiab kev cuam tshuam ntau dua vim lawv lub hnub nyoog.
Qhov kev tsis ncaj ncees no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ntau yam ntawm lub neej, xws li yuav ua li cas cov tub ntxhais hluas raug kho hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tsev neeg, thiab cov zej zog. Tej zaum nws yuav txwv lawv txoj hauv kev los sib tham lossis txiav txim siab, piv txwv tias lawv tsis muaj kev xav zoo. Cov neeg laus yuav tsis coj lawv tiag tiag vim lawv lub hnub nyoog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hluas xav tias tsis muaj nqis.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab thiab tawm tsam cov kev tsis ncaj ncees no los tsim kev ncaj ncees rau txhua tus, tsis hais lawv hnub nyoog li cas. Los ntawm kev lees paub thiab hwm cov kev xav ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, peb tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke thiab txhawb nqa ib puag ncig rau lawv kom loj hlob thiab pab txhawb rau zej zog.
4. Kev ua siab dawb siab zoo
"Benevolent Prejudice," ib lo lus siv hauv kev sib raug zoo, piav qhia txog kev tsis ncaj ncees uas qee pawg hnub nyoog, cov hluas thiab cov neeg laus, raug saib ua siab zoo tab sis kuj pom tias tsis muaj peev xwm lossis tsis muaj peev xwm. Tus cwj pwm no suav nrog kev xav tias lawv yog tus phooj ywg tab sis tsis muaj peev xwm tag nrho. Piv txwv li, ib qho kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Age Concern tau qhia tias 48% ntawm cov neeg teb pom tias cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 70 xyoo ua phooj ywg zoo, thaum tsuas yog 27% tau hais tib yam txog cov hnub nyoog qis dua 30. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog 26% pom tias cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 70 xyoo muaj peev xwm.
Qhov kev ntxub ntxaug no feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib raug zoo stereotypes uas txuas qee pawg hnub nyoog nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Cov neeg tuaj yeem pom cov neeg laus ua kom sov thiab qab ntxiag tab sis ntseeg tias lawv tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm lossis txiav txim siab tseem ceeb. Ib yam li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav raug suav tias yog tus phooj ywg tab sis tsis ua tiag tiag vim kev nkag siab ntawm lawv qhov kev paub dhau los lossis tsis paub meej.
Cov kev tsis ncaj ncees no, txawm tias zoo li qhov zoo, tseem tuaj yeem txwv txoj hauv kev thiab tsim kev cia siab tsis ncaj ncees raws li hnub nyoog nkaus xwb. Kev hais txog kev txiav txim siab zoo yuav suav nrog kev lees paub cov kev xav no thiab ua kom cov tib neeg ntawm txhua lub hnub nyoog muaj txiaj ntsig rau lawv lub peev xwm thiab kev koom tes es tsis yog tsuas yog txiav txim raws li lub hnub nyoog muaj feem xyuam nrog cov stereotypes.
Kuj nyeem: Cov piv txwv ntawm Social Inequality yog dab tsi? (Cov lus qhia rau cov tub ntxhais kawm)
5. Digital Ageism
Digital Ageism yog ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb; nws yog thaum tib neeg raug kho tsis ncaj ncees vim lawv siv technology zoo npaum li cas. Qee cov neeg xav tias cov tub ntxhais hluas yeej ib txwm zoo nrog tech, tab sis lawv ntseeg tias cov neeg laus siv tsis tau nws. Qhov no tshwm sim vim tias cov neeg laus yuav tsis muaj kev nkag mus rau gadgets ntau npaum li cas thiab yuav tsis tau txais kev qhia paub siv lawv li cas. Vim li no, lawv yuav tsis xav tias muaj kev ntseeg siab siv thev naus laus zis.
Hnub nyoog tsis yog vim li cas ib tug neeg yuav tawm tsam nrog tech. Nws yog ntau tshaj hais tias tsis muaj tib txoj hauv kev los kawm lossis xyaum. Xav txog yog tias koj yuav tsum tau ua si video game yam tsis tau pom tias cov tswj ua haujlwm li cas - nws yuav nyuaj ua si, txoj cai? Qhov ntawd yog zoo li cas rau cov neeg laus sim ua kom paub technology yam tsis muaj leej twg qhia lawv.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias leej twg tuaj yeem kawm paub siv thev naus laus zis, txawm lawv hnub nyoog li cas. Qee lub sij hawm txhua yam nws yuav siv yog me ntsis kev pab lossis qee qhov kev xyaum kom tau txais nws. Digital ageism tshwm sim thaum tib neeg xav tias ib tug neeg kawm tsis tau vim lawv laus dua, thiab qhov ntawd tsis ncaj ncees.
6. Ageism hauv Kev Kho Mob
Ageism, raws li tau piav qhia los ntawm Robert Butler, yog ntau tshaj li qhov kev xav txog hnub nyoog. Nws cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv cov chaw kho mob, kev ntxub ntxaug raws hnub nyoog cuam tshuam li cas kws kho mob kho cov neeg mob. Los ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam thawj zaug mus rau kev xaiv kho mob, ageism plays lub luag haujlwm. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov neeg mob laus feem ntau ntsib cov kev xav tsis zoo los ntawm cov kws kho mob, uas yuav pom lawv tsis zoo lossis tsis muaj kev cia siab. Qhov no cuam tshuam rau cov kev kho mob uas tau muab, nrog cov kws kho mob qee zaum xaiv rau kev saib xyuas tsis tshua muaj zog, ua kom muaj kev tswj hwm tus kab mob ua ntej siv zog kho.
Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg mob laus tsis tau txais tib theem ntawm kev kho mob hnyav uas cov neeg mob hluas yuav tau txais. Nws yog ib qho teeb meem ntsig txog kev kho mob uas cuam tshuam txog kev saib xyuas cov hnub nyoog txawv li cas thiab kev txiav txim siab kho mob rau lawv. Qhov kev ntxub ntxaug no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau ib tus neeg lub neej zoo thiab nkag mus rau cov kev kho mob cawm siav tsuas yog raws li lawv lub hnub nyoog.
Cov teebmeem ntawm Ageism
Ageism mus dhau ntawm cov lus phem xwb; nws tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau koj xav li cas, koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv, koj lub neej kev sib raug zoo, thiab txawm tias koj cov nyiaj. Kev kho tsis ncaj ncees vim koj lub hnub nyoog tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau.
Lub cev lub cev
Ageism tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg tuag hluas dua. Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias cov neeg laus uas xav tias lawv tsis muaj nqis lossis tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tau lub neej luv dua piv rau cov neeg uas muaj kev pom zoo txog kev laus. Kev xav tsis zoo txog koj lub hnub nyoog kuj tuaj yeem ua rau koj mob ntau zaus thiab ua rau koj nyuaj rau koj zoo dua thaum koj mob.
Muaj ob peb lub laj thawj vim li cas qhov no tshwm sim. Yog tias koj xav phem rau koj tus kheej, tej zaum koj yuav tsis saib xyuas koj tus kheej thiab. Tej zaum koj yuav noj zaub mov tsis zoo, haus luam yeeb, haus ntau dhau, lossis tsis noj koj cov tshuaj li koj yuav tsum tau. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj rau rov qab thaum muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo vim tias koj tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa txaus los ntawm lwm tus.
Qee zaum, cov kws kho mob yuav kho cov neeg laus sib txawv vim lawv lub hnub nyoog, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lawv noj qab haus huv. Tej zaum lawv yuav tsis tau txais kev kho mob tib yam lossis yog ib feem ntawm kev tshawb fawb los pab lawv noj qab haus huv. Kev tsis tuaj yeem nrog kws kho mob tham tau zoo tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, xws li tsis noj tshuaj raws li txoj cai.
Kev Puas Siab Puas Ntsws
Cov lus hais txog hnub nyoog los ntawm tsev neeg lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau koj xav tias tsis zoo rau koj tus kheej thiab ua rau koj nug koj tus nqi. Cov kev tshawb fawb qhia tias kev muaj hnub nyoog tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub hlwb tsis zoo thiab ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab. Lub Koom Haum Ntiaj Teb Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv xav tias kwv yees li 6 lab tus neeg mob kev nyuaj siab thoob ntiaj teb tuaj yeem yog vim muaj hnub nyoog.
Thaum koj ntseeg tej yam tsis zoo txog kev laus, nws tuaj yeem ua rau koj lub hlwb ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Tej zaum koj yuav pib hnov qab ntau dua vim tias koj ntshai ua ib yam li cov neeg phem hais txog hnub nyoog laus. Qhov kev ntshai no tuaj yeem ua rau koj ua haujlwm tsis zoo, xws li nco txog cov khoom.
Kev cuam tshuam rau kev ua neej nyob
Ageism tuaj yeem ua rau koj nyob ib leeg. Yog tias tib neeg ua phem rau koj vim koj lub hnub nyoog, tej zaum koj yuav tsis txhob siv sijhawm nrog phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg. Tej zaum koj yuav tsum tsis txhob mus rau cov xwm txheej lossis qhov chaw vim tias koj ntshai lossis tsis xav tau.
Qee zaum, tib neeg xav tias cov neeg laus yuav tsum tsis txhob sib raug zoo lossis tawm mus, yog li lawv cais lawv tus kheej. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau koj nyob ib leeg thiab tu siab heev.
Kev nyob ib leeg tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntau ntxiv, xws li kev ntxhov siab ntau, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, thiab mob ntau zaus. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev puas siab puas ntsws hnyav dua thiab ua rau koj lub hlwb ua haujlwm tsis zoo.
Cov txiaj ntsig nyiaj txiag
Ageism tuaj yeem cuam tshuam koj qhov xwm txheej nyiaj txiag thiab. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis tau txais txoj haujlwm zoo dua lossis kev cob qhia vim tias tib neeg ua rau koj txawv. Qee lub tuam txhab kuj tseem yuav them koj ntau dua rau tej yam xws li kev pov hwm vim koj laus dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim qee cov neeg xav tias cov neeg laus tsis ntse nrog nyiaj, lawv yuav sim ntxias koj. Kev poob rau cov kev dag no tuaj yeem ua rau koj poob nyiaj thiab xav tias phem heev txog nws.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Hais Txog Ageism
Kev tuav cov hnub nyoog muaj kev lees paub qhov tseeb ntawm kev laus. Kev hloov pauv tshwm sim thaum peb muaj hnub nyoog - tej zaum koj lub cev tsis nrawm li ua ntej, koj qhov pom lossis hnov lus yuav tsis muaj zog, thiab wrinkles yuav tshwm sim. Nws yog ib qho kev xav tsis zoo siab lossis tsis paub meej txog cov kev hloov no. Tsis txhob quav ntsej cov kev xav ntawd; nws yeej zoo li ntawd.
Tab sis nco ntsoov, muaj ntau dua rau koj ntau dua li kev hloov pauv hnub nyoog. Txawm hais tias tib neeg yuav hais li cas txog kev laus, koj tseem muaj ntau ua ntej koj. Koj tuav kev txawj ntse thiab kev paub uas muaj nuj nqis. Tsis txhob cia cov kev ntseeg muaj hnub nyoog, tsis hais hauv koj tus kheej lossis los ntawm lwm tus, txwv koj.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev laus, pib los ntawm kev txais cov lus qhia no:
- Kev lees txais tus kheej: Txais cov kev hloov pauv thiab ua siab zoo rau koj tus kheej.
- Lub hauv paus: Tsom ntsoov rau qhov koj tuaj yeem ua tau, tsis yog ntawm kev txwv xwb.
- Kev koom tes: Paub koj tus nqi - koj muaj ntau yam los muab.
- Sib tw Stereotypes: Tsis txhob cia cov kev ntseeg muaj hnub nyoog tuav koj rov qab.
- Txhawb Nqa: Nyob ib puag ncig koj tus kheej nrog cov neeg uas muaj nuj nqis rau koj rau koj yog leej twg.
Ageism tej zaum yuav muaj, tab sis nws tsis txhais koj. Ua raws li koj lub hnub nyoog thaum tsis kam cia stereotypes dictate koj lub neej. Koj tseem muaj peev xwm thiab tsim nyog, tsis hais hnub nyoog li cas.
References:
- Butler, RN (1969). "Age-ism: Lwm daim ntawv ntawm bigotry". Tus Gerontologist. Oxford University Press.
- Iversen, TN; Lossis, L.; Solem, PE (2009). “Kev tsom xam ntawm kev xav ntawm ageism”. Nordic Psychology. Taylor & Francis Ltd.
- Kleyman, Paul. (2002). "Images of Aging." Encyclopedia of Aging. Macmillan Reference USA.
- Loretto, W. Duncan, C.; ib. Dawb, PJ (2000). “Hnub nyoog thiab kev ua haujlwm: Kev tsis sib haum xeeb, tsis meej pem, thiab cov neeg hluas txoj kev xav ”. Aging & Society. Cambridge University Xovxwm.
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